diff --git a/js/tools/SpellingAlphabetTool.js b/js/tools/SpellingAlphabetTool.js
index f4d723d..91991bb 100644
--- a/js/tools/SpellingAlphabetTool.js
+++ b/js/tools/SpellingAlphabetTool.js
@@ -207,6 +207,14 @@ class SpellingAlphabetTool extends Tool {
                     return 'Enter a name for this spelling alphabet.';
                 }
 
+                var duplicateName = (this.saAlphabets || []).some(function(entry) {
+                    return entry.id !== this.saEditingId &&
+                        String(entry.name || '').trim().toLowerCase() === name.toLowerCase();
+                }, this);
+                if (duplicateName) {
+                    return 'Another spelling alphabet already uses this name. Choose a unique name.';
+                }
+
                 var missing = this.saLetters.filter(function(letter) {
                     return !String(this.saAlphabet[letter] || '').trim();
                 }, this);
@@ -295,6 +303,9 @@ class SpellingAlphabetTool extends Tool {
 
     onActivate(vueInstance) {
         vueInstance.saLoadAlphabets();
+        if (typeof vueInstance.refreshCustomSpellingTransforms === 'function') {
+            vueInstance.refreshCustomSpellingTransforms();
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/js/tools/TransformTool.js b/js/tools/TransformTool.js
index cac2b0f..939d1ca 100644
--- a/js/tools/TransformTool.js
+++ b/js/tools/TransformTool.js
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ class TransformTool extends Tool {
                 return true;
             })
             .map(([key, transform]) => ({
+                transformKey: key,
+                customSpellingId: transform.customSpellingId || null,
                 name: transform.name,
                 func: transform.func.bind(transform),
                 preview: transform.preview ? transform.preview.bind(transform) : function() { return '[preview]'; },
@@ -248,6 +250,12 @@ class TransformTool extends Tool {
                 const transform = this.transforms.find(t => t.name === transformName);
                 return transform ? transform.category : 'special';
             },
+            getTransformKey: function(transform) {
+                if (!transform) {
+                    return '';
+                }
+                return transform.customSpellingId || transform.transformKey || transform.name;
+            },
             /**
              * True if this transform should show the options gear (uses saved prefs + defaults in decoder).
              * Falls back to window.transforms when the Vue copy omits configurableOptions.
@@ -644,11 +652,22 @@ class TransformTool extends Tool {
                     return;
                 }
 
+                const previousCustomCount = (this.transforms || []).filter(function(t) {
+                    return t.category === 'custom_spelling';
+                }).length;
+
                 this.transforms = transformTool.buildTransformsFromWindow();
                 const categories = transformTool.rebuildTransformCategories(this.transforms);
                 this.legendCategories = categories.legendCategories;
                 this.categories = categories.sectionCategories;
 
+                const nextCustomCount = this.transforms.filter(function(t) {
+                    return t.category === 'custom_spelling';
+                }).length;
+                if (nextCustomCount !== previousCustomCount) {
+                    this.saveCategoryOrder(this.categories);
+                }
+
                 this.$nextTick(() => {
                     if (typeof this.initializeCategoryNavigation === 'function') {
                         this.initializeCategoryNavigation();
@@ -719,6 +738,9 @@ class TransformTool extends Tool {
     getVueLifecycle() {
         return {
             mounted() {
+                if (typeof this.refreshCustomSpellingTransforms === 'function') {
+                    this.refreshCustomSpellingTransforms();
+                }
                 this.initializeCategoryNavigation();
                 
                 // Save initial category order to localStorage if it doesn't exist
@@ -736,6 +758,9 @@ class TransformTool extends Tool {
     }
     
     onActivate(vueInstance) {
+        if (typeof vueInstance.refreshCustomSpellingTransforms === 'function') {
+            vueInstance.refreshCustomSpellingTransforms();
+        }
         vueInstance.$nextTick(() => {
             vueInstance.initializeCategoryNavigation();
         });
diff --git a/templates/transforms.html b/templates/transforms.html
index 175f941..b735719 100644
--- a/templates/transforms.html
+++ b/templates/transforms.html
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
                                     </p>
                                     <div class="chaos-overlay" aria-hidden="true"></div>
                                     <div class="transform-buttons">
-                                        <div v-for="transform in getTransformsByCategory(category)" :key="transform.name" class="transform-button-group">
+                                        <div v-for="transform in getTransformsByCategory(category)" :key="getTransformKey(transform)" class="transform-button-group">
                                             <button 
                                                 @click="applyTransform(transform, $event)"
                                                 :class="'transform-button transform-category-' + category + ' randomizer-button'"
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
                                         </span>
                                     </h4>
                                     <div class="transform-buttons">
-                                        <div v-for="transform in getTransformsByCategory(category)" :key="transform.name" class="transform-button-group">
+                                        <div v-for="transform in getTransformsByCategory(category)" :key="getTransformKey(transform)" class="transform-button-group">
                                             <button 
                                                 @click="applyTransform(transform, $event)"
                                                 :class="'transform-button transform-category-' + category"
diff --git a/tests/test_custom_spelling_transforms.js b/tests/test_custom_spelling_transforms.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0676a81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_custom_spelling_transforms.js
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const path = require('path');
+const vm = require('vm');
+const fs = require('fs');
+
+function createContext() {
+    const store = {};
+    const ctx = {
+        window: null,
+        globalThis: null,
+        localStorage: {
+            getItem: (key) => store[key] || null,
+            setItem: (key, value) => { store[key] = value; }
+        },
+        console
+    };
+    ctx.window = ctx;
+    ctx.globalThis = ctx;
+    return { ctx, store };
+}
+
+function loadScript(ctx, relativePath) {
+    const code = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '..', relativePath), 'utf8');
+    vm.runInContext(code, vm.createContext(ctx), { filename: relativePath });
+}
+
+function buildAlphabet(prefix) {
+    const alphabet = {};
+    'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'.split('').forEach((letter, index) => {
+        alphabet[letter] = prefix + letter + index;
+    });
+    return alphabet;
+}
+
+const { ctx } = createContext();
+loadScript(ctx, 'dist/js/bundles/transforms-bundle.js');
+loadScript(ctx, 'js/core/spellingAlphabetTransform.js');
+loadScript(ctx, 'js/core/customSpellingAlphabets.js');
+
+const first = ctx.CustomSpellingAlphabets.saveMapping({
+    name: 'Nautical Spelling Alphabet',
+    category: 'nautical',
+    alphabet: buildAlphabet('N')
+});
+const second = ctx.CustomSpellingAlphabets.saveMapping({
+    name: 'Kitchen Spelling Alphabet',
+    category: 'kitchen',
+    alphabet: buildAlphabet('K')
+});
+
+assert.strictEqual(ctx.CustomSpellingAlphabets.loadAll().length, 2, 'Should persist multiple alphabets');
+
+const customKeys = Object.keys(ctx.window.transforms).filter((key) => key.indexOf('custom_spelling_') === 0);
+assert.strictEqual(customKeys.length, 2, 'Each saved alphabet should register as its own transform');
+
+const names = customKeys.map((key) => ctx.window.transforms[key].name).sort();
+assert.deepStrictEqual(names, [
+    'Kitchen Spelling Alphabet',
+    'Nautical Spelling Alphabet'
+]);
+
+customKeys.forEach((key) => {
+    const transform = ctx.window.transforms[key];
+    assert.strictEqual(transform.category, 'custom_spelling');
+    assert.ok(transform.customSpellingId, 'Custom spelling transforms should expose customSpellingId');
+    assert.strictEqual(typeof transform.func, 'function');
+});
+
+ctx.CustomSpellingAlphabets.deleteMapping(first.id);
+assert.strictEqual(ctx.CustomSpellingAlphabets.loadAll().length, 1);
+const remainingKeys = Object.keys(ctx.window.transforms).filter((key) => key.indexOf('custom_spelling_') === 0);
+assert.strictEqual(remainingKeys.length, 1);
+assert.strictEqual(ctx.window.transforms[remainingKeys[0]].name, 'Kitchen Spelling Alphabet');
+
+console.log('Custom spelling transform tests passed');