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%% Paleontology Specimen Report
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\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}

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\title{Comparative Analysis of Ornithischian Dinosaurs}
\author{STEGOSAURUS WRECKS Research Division}
\date{Late Jurassic -- Late Cretaceous}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

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\begin{abstract}
This report presents a comparative analysis of ornithischian dinosaur specimens,
focusing on body mass, encephalization quotient, and defensive adaptations.
The Stegosaurus remains one of the most distinctive members of this clade.
\end{abstract}

\section{Introduction}

The Ornithischia (``bird-hipped'' dinosaurs) represent one of the two major
clades of dinosaurs, characterized by a pubis bone that points backward.
This clade includes many well-known species including Stegosaurus,
Triceratops, and Ankylosaurus.

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\section{Specimen Data}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{Ornithischian Specimen Measurements}
\begin{tabular}{lllrr}
\toprule
\textbf{Species} & \textbf{Period} & \textbf{Diet} & \textbf{Length (m)} & \textbf{Mass (kg)} \\
\midrule
Stegosaurus    & Late Jurassic    & Herbivore &  9.0 &  5000 \\
Triceratops    & Late Cretaceous  & Herbivore &  9.0 &  6000 \\
Ankylosaurus   & Late Cretaceous  & Herbivore &  6.5 &  6000 \\
Parasaurolophus & Late Cretaceous & Herbivore &  9.5 &  2500 \\
Pachycephalosaurus & Late Cretaceous & Herbivore & 4.5 & 450 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\section{Encephalization Quotient}

The encephalization quotient (EQ) provides a measure of relative brain size:
\begin{equation}
EQ = \frac{E_{actual}}{E_{expected}} = \frac{E_{actual}}{0.12 \cdot M^{0.67}}
\end{equation}
where $E_{actual}$ is the actual brain mass and $M$ is body mass in kilograms.

\section{Conclusion}

Ornithischian dinosaurs show remarkable diversity in defensive adaptations,
from the plates and spikes of Stegosaurus to the armored shell of Ankylosaurus
and the horned frill of Triceratops.

\end{document}
