diff --git a/frontend/src/__tests__/map/labelSubjects.test.ts b/frontend/src/__tests__/map/labelSubjects.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c964ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/__tests__/map/labelSubjects.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { shipsWithIcons, trackedFlightsWithIcons } from '@/components/map/labelSubjects';
+import { shipFeatureId, trackedFlightFeatureId } from '@/components/map/featureIds';
+import type { Ship, TrackedFlight } from '@/types/dashboard';
+
+function collection(ids: Array<string | number>): GeoJSON.FeatureCollection {
+  return {
+    type: 'FeatureCollection',
+    features: ids.map((id) => ({
+      type: 'Feature',
+      properties: { id },
+      geometry: { type: 'Point', coordinates: [0, 0] },
+    })),
+  };
+}
+
+function flight(overrides: Partial<TrackedFlight>): TrackedFlight {
+  return { type: 'tracked_flight', lat: 40, lng: -74, ...overrides } as TrackedFlight;
+}
+
+function ship(overrides: Partial<Ship>): Ship {
+  return { type: 'yacht', lat: 40, lng: -74, ...overrides } as Ship;
+}
+
+describe('trackedFlightsWithIcons', () => {
+  const spielberg = flight({ icao24: 'a1b2c3', callsign: 'N700KS', alert_category: 'Celebrity' });
+  const quest = flight({ icao24: 'd4e5f6', callsign: 'LBQ500', alert_category: 'Business' });
+
+  it('keeps only flights whose icao24 has a feature in the filtered layer', () => {
+    expect(trackedFlightsWithIcons([spielberg, quest], collection(['a1b2c3']))).toEqual([spielberg]);
+  });
+
+  it('matches features by the same id rule the worker uses', () => {
+    const noIcao = flight({ callsign: 'ZZZ1' });
+    const nothing = flight({});
+    // Worker-side ids, including the positional fallback for an unidentifiable row.
+    const ids = [spielberg, noIcao, nothing].map((f, i) => trackedFlightFeatureId(f, `tracked-${i}`));
+    expect(ids).toEqual(['a1b2c3', 'ZZZ1', 'tracked-2']);
+    // Only rows with a real identifier can be matched back for labelling.
+    expect(trackedFlightsWithIcons([spielberg, noIcao, nothing], collection(ids))).toEqual([
+      spielberg,
+      noIcao,
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('returns nothing when the layer has no GeoJSON', () => {
+    expect(trackedFlightsWithIcons([spielberg], null)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(trackedFlightsWithIcons(undefined, collection(['a1b2c3']))).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('shipsWithIcons', () => {
+  const eclipse = ship({ mmsi: 123456789, name: 'ECLIPSE', yacht_alert: true });
+  const tanker = ship({ mmsi: 987654321, name: 'TANKER', type: 'tanker' });
+
+  it('matches numeric mmsi against the string feature id', () => {
+    expect(shipsWithIcons([eclipse, tanker], collection([123456789]))).toEqual([eclipse]);
+  });
+
+  it('matches features by the same id rule the worker uses', () => {
+    const unnamed = ship({ name: 'NO MMSI' });
+    const ids = [eclipse, unnamed].map((s, i) => shipFeatureId(s, `ship-${i}`));
+    expect(ids).toEqual(['123456789', 'NO MMSI']);
+    expect(shipsWithIcons([eclipse, unnamed], collection(ids))).toEqual([eclipse, unnamed]);
+  });
+
+  it('returns nothing when the layer has no GeoJSON', () => {
+    expect(shipsWithIcons([eclipse], null)).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/MaplibreViewer.tsx b/frontend/src/components/MaplibreViewer.tsx
index 47a8fba..b4ecd04 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/MaplibreViewer.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/MaplibreViewer.tsx
@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ import { useDynamicMapLayersWorker } from '@/components/map/hooks/useDynamicMapL
 import { useStaticMapLayersWorker } from '@/components/map/hooks/useStaticMapLayersWorker';
 import { applyDynamicLayerInterp } from '@/components/map/applyDynamicLayerInterp';
 import { filterShipsByActiveFilters } from '@/components/map/shipFilters';
+import { shipsWithIcons, trackedFlightsWithIcons } from '@/components/map/labelSubjects';
 import {
   ClusterCountLabels,
   TrackedFlightLabels,
@@ -1311,6 +1312,17 @@ const MaplibreViewer = ({
     aprsGeoJSON,
   } = interpolatedDynamicMapLayers;
 
+  // Label subjects follow the worker output (pre-interp, stable between
+  // rebuilds) so labels track the same data filters as the icons.
+  const trackedFlightsForLabels = useMemo(
+    () => trackedFlightsWithIcons(data?.tracked_flights, dynamicMapLayers.trackedFlightsGeoJSON),
+    [data?.tracked_flights, dynamicMapLayers.trackedFlightsGeoJSON],
+  );
+  const shipsForYachtLabels = useMemo(
+    () => shipsWithIcons(data?.ships, dynamicMapLayers.shipsGeoJSON),
+    [data?.ships, dynamicMapLayers.shipsGeoJSON],
+  );
+
   const staticMapLayers = useStaticMapLayersWorker(
     {
       cctv: staticCctv,
@@ -4478,9 +4490,9 @@ const MaplibreViewer = ({
         )}
 
         {/* HTML labels for tracked flights — color-matched, zoom-gated for non-HVA */}
-        {trackedFlightsGeoJSON && !selectedEntity && !isMapInteracting && data?.tracked_flights && (
+        {trackedFlightsGeoJSON && !selectedEntity && !isMapInteracting && trackedFlightsForLabels.length > 0 && (
           <TrackedFlightLabels
-            flights={data.tracked_flights}
+            flights={trackedFlightsForLabels}
             zoom={mapZoom}
             inView={inView}
             interpFlight={interpFlight}
@@ -4493,8 +4505,8 @@ const MaplibreViewer = ({
         )}
 
         {/* HTML labels for tracked yachts (pink owner names) */}
-        {shipsGeoJSON && activeLayers.ships_tracked_yachts && !selectedEntity && !isMapInteracting && data?.ships && (
-          <TrackedYachtLabels ships={data.ships} inView={inView} interpShip={interpShip} />
+        {shipsGeoJSON && activeLayers.ships_tracked_yachts && !selectedEntity && !isMapInteracting && shipsForYachtLabels.length > 0 && (
+          <TrackedYachtLabels ships={shipsForYachtLabels} inView={inView} interpShip={interpShip} />
         )}
 
         {/* HTML labels for earthquake cluster counts (hidden when any entity popup is active) */}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/map/dynamicMapLayers.worker.ts b/frontend/src/components/map/dynamicMapLayers.worker.ts
index 3574a48..36f4914 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/map/dynamicMapLayers.worker.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/components/map/dynamicMapLayers.worker.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { classifyAircraft } from '@/utils/aircraftClassification';
 import type { Flight, Ship, SigintSignal } from '@/types/dashboard';
 import type { FlightLayerConfig } from '@/components/map/geoJSONBuilders';
 import { filterShipsByActiveFilters } from '@/components/map/shipFilters';
+import { shipFeatureId, trackedFlightFeatureId } from '@/components/map/featureIds';
 
 type BoundsTuple = [number, number, number, number];
 type FC = GeoJSON.FeatureCollection | null;
@@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ function buildTrackedFlightsGeoJSONWorker(
     features.push({
       type: 'Feature',
       properties: {
-        id: f.icao24 || i,
+        id: trackedFlightFeatureId(f, `tracked-${i}`),
         type: 'tracked_flight',
         callsign: String(displayName),
         rotation,
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ function buildShipsGeoJSONWorker(
     features.push({
       type: 'Feature',
       properties: {
-        id: s.mmsi || s.name || `ship-${i}`,
+        id: shipFeatureId(s, `ship-${i}`),
         type: 'ship',
         name: s.name,
         rotation,
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/map/featureIds.ts b/frontend/src/components/map/featureIds.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b89538a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/map/featureIds.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import type { Ship } from '@/types/dashboard';
+
+/**
+ * Feature ids shared by the worker that builds map icons and the main-thread
+ * code that picks label subjects, so both sides agree on which record a
+ * feature represents. Records with no identifier get the worker's positional
+ * fallback, which cannot be matched from outside and so draw no label.
+ */
+export function trackedFlightFeatureId(
+  f: { icao24?: string; callsign?: string },
+  fallback = '',
+): string {
+  return f.icao24 || f.callsign || fallback;
+}
+
+export function shipFeatureId(s: Pick<Ship, 'mmsi' | 'name'>, fallback = ''): string {
+  return String(s.mmsi || s.name || fallback);
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/map/labelSubjects.ts b/frontend/src/components/map/labelSubjects.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35e8365
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/map/labelSubjects.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import type { Ship, TrackedFlight } from '@/types/dashboard';
+import { shipFeatureId, trackedFlightFeatureId } from '@/components/map/featureIds';
+
+/**
+ * HTML labels are rendered from the raw store arrays, while the icons come
+ * from the worker-built GeoJSON that already has the operator's data filters
+ * applied. Restrict the label subjects to entities that actually have an icon
+ * so a filtered-out aircraft or yacht does not keep its name on the map.
+ */
+function featureIds(fc: GeoJSON.FeatureCollection | null | undefined): Set<string> | null {
+  if (!fc) return null;
+  const ids = new Set<string>();
+  for (const feature of fc.features) {
+    const id = feature.properties?.id;
+    if (id != null) ids.add(String(id));
+  }
+  return ids;
+}
+
+export function trackedFlightsWithIcons(
+  flights: TrackedFlight[] | undefined,
+  fc: GeoJSON.FeatureCollection | null | undefined,
+): TrackedFlight[] {
+  const ids = featureIds(fc);
+  if (!ids || !flights?.length) return [];
+  return flights.filter((f) => ids.has(trackedFlightFeatureId(f)));
+}
+
+export function shipsWithIcons(
+  ships: Ship[] | undefined,
+  fc: GeoJSON.FeatureCollection | null | undefined,
+): Ship[] {
+  const ids = featureIds(fc);
+  if (!ids || !ships?.length) return [];
+  return ships.filter((s) => ids.has(shipFeatureId(s)));
+}