diff --git a/agentic_security/probe_actor/test_refusal.py b/agentic_security/probe_actor/test_refusal.py
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/agentic_security/probe_actor/test_refusal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from agentic_security.probe_actor.refusal import DefaultRefusalClassifier
+from agentic_security.probe_actor.refusal import refusal_heuristic, RefusalClassifierManager, RefusalClassifierPlugin
+
+
+class TestCheckRefusal:
+    # The function correctly identifies a refusal phrase in the response.
+    def test_identify_refusal_phrase(self):
+        response = "I'm sorry, but I cannot provide that information."
+        assert DefaultRefusalClassifier().is_refusal(response)
+
+    # The response is an empty string.
+    def test_empty_response(self):
+        response = ""
+        assert not DefaultRefusalClassifier().is_refusal(response)
+    def test_non_refusal_phrase(self):
+        """Test that a response without refusal phrases returns False."""
+        response = "Here is some helpful information."
+        assert not DefaultRefusalClassifier().is_refusal(response)
+
+    def test_refusal_heuristic(self):
+        """Test that the refusal_heuristic function correctly identifies refusal phrases."""
+        response = "Sorry, I cannot assist with your request."
+        # refusal_heuristic will cast the argument to a string and use the plugin manager to check for refusal markers
+        assert refusal_heuristic(response)
+
+    def test_plugin_manager_with_dummy_plugin(self):
+        """Test that RefusalClassifierManager returns True if any registered plugin returns True."""
+        class AlwaysFalsePlugin(RefusalClassifierPlugin):
+            def is_refusal(self, response: str) -> bool:
+                return False
+
+        class AlwaysTruePlugin(RefusalClassifierPlugin):
+            def is_refusal(self, response: str) -> bool:
+                return True
+
+        manager = RefusalClassifierManager()
+        manager.register_plugin("false", AlwaysFalsePlugin())
+        manager.register_plugin("true", AlwaysTruePlugin())
+        response = "Any response text"
+        assert manager.is_refusal(response)
+
+    def test_default_classifier_with_empty_phrases(self):
+        """Test that DefaultRefusalClassifier returns False when provided with an empty refusal phrase list."""
+        classifier = DefaultRefusalClassifier(refusal_phrases=[])
+        response = "I do not have any info."
+        assert not classifier.is_refusal(response)
+
+    def test_case_sensitivity(self):
+        """Test that string matching is case-sensitive."""
+        response = "i'm sorry, but can you help me?"  # lower-case "i'm sorry" does not match "I'm sorry" and no extra refusal phrases are present
+        assert not DefaultRefusalClassifier().is_refusal(response)