ctrld/internal/controld/config.go

package controld

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"crypto/tls"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"runtime"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/Control-D-Inc/ctrld"
	"github.com/Control-D-Inc/ctrld/internal/certs"
	ctrldnet "github.com/Control-D-Inc/ctrld/internal/net"
	"github.com/Control-D-Inc/ctrld/internal/router"
	"github.com/Control-D-Inc/ctrld/internal/router/ddwrt"
)

const (
	apiDomainCom       = "api.controld.com"
	apiDomainComIPv4   = "147.185.34.1"
	apiDomainComIPv6   = "2606:1a40:3::1"
	apiDomainDev       = "api.controld.dev"
	apiDomainDevIPv4   = "23.171.240.84"
	apiURLCom          = "https://api.controld.com"
	apiURLDev          = "https://api.controld.dev"
	resolverDataURLCom = apiURLCom + "/utility"
	resolverDataURLDev = apiURLDev + "/utility"
	logURLCom          = apiURLCom + "/logs"
	logURLDev          = apiURLDev + "/logs"
	InvalidConfigCode  = 40402
	defaultTimeout     = 20 * time.Second
	sendLogTimeout     = 300 * time.Second
)

// Provisioning-token rejection reasons the API sends in error.metadata.reason
// (HTTP 400, code 40003). This list can grow; a value outside it is not an
// error, just one cmd/cli does not classify yet.
const (
	ReasonTokenInvalid      = "token_invalid"
	ReasonTokenExpired      = "token_expired"
	ReasonTokenLimitReached = "token_limit_reached"
	ReasonTokenDisabled     = "token_disabled"
)

// ResolverConfig represents Control D resolver data.
type ResolverConfig struct {
	DOH   string `json:"doh"`
	Ctrld struct {
		CustomConfig     string `json:"custom_config"`
		CustomLastUpdate int64  `json:"custom_last_update"`
		VersionTarget    string `json:"version_target"`
	} `json:"ctrld"`
	Exclude         []string   `json:"exclude"`
	SplitDNS        []SplitDNS `json:"split_dns"`
	UID             string     `json:"uid"`
	DeactivationPin *int64     `json:"deactivation_pin,omitempty"`
}

// Internal Domain resolution modes. Mode is what the administrator selected;
// Resolvers is only meaningful under SplitDNSModeResolvers.
const (
	// SplitDNSModeOS resolves the domain through the endpoint's own OS/default
	// resolver, so it follows DHCP and VPN resolver changes.
	SplitDNSModeOS = "os"
	// SplitDNSModeResolvers resolves the domain through the addresses in
	// Resolvers and nothing else.
	SplitDNSModeResolvers = "resolvers"
)

// SplitDNS is one organization Internal Domain: a domain suffix, the resolution
// mode the organization administrator selected for it, and the resolver
// addresses that mode may need.
//
// Mode decides the routing. Resolvers is read only under
// SplitDNSModeResolvers, so addresses left behind by an earlier selection
// cannot resurrect themselves once the administrator switches back to the OS
// resolver. An empty Mode is a deployment that predates the field; the caller
// infers the mode from Resolvers in that case.
type SplitDNS struct {
	Domain    string   `json:"domain"`
	Mode      string   `json:"mode"`
	Resolvers []string `json:"resolvers"`
}

type utilityResponse struct {
	Success bool `json:"success"`
	Body    struct {
		Resolver ResolverConfig `json:"resolver"`
	} `json:"body"`
}

// errorMetadata carries additive, optional detail on top of Code/Message.
// Older API deployments omit it, so it must decode to its zero value rather
// than fail the whole response. Its custom UnmarshalJSON gives the same
// tolerance to a malformed value: a metadata that is not an object, or a
// Reason that is not a string (a number, an object, or null), degrades to
// the zero value rather than failing the response that contains it.
type errorMetadata struct {
	// Reason is a machine-readable rejection reason sent on provisioning-token
	// errors (HTTP 400, code 40003): token_invalid, token_expired,
	// token_limit_reached, or token_disabled. Empty when absent or malformed;
	// callers must treat any other value as unknown rather than reject the
	// response.
	Reason string `json:"reason"`
}

func (m *errorMetadata) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
	var raw struct {
		Reason json.RawMessage `json:"reason"`
	}
	// Best-effort: a metadata that is not an object, or a reason that is not
	// a string (number, object, null), leaves the zero value instead of
	// failing this decode. Code and Message still classify the failure.
	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &raw); err != nil {
		*m = errorMetadata{}
		return nil
	}
	_ = json.Unmarshal(raw.Reason, &m.Reason)
	return nil
}

type ErrorResponse struct {
	ErrorField struct {
		Message  string        `json:"message"`
		Code     int           `json:"code"`
		Metadata errorMetadata `json:"metadata"`
	} `json:"error"`
	// StatusCode is the HTTP status the API answered with. It is not part of the JSON
	// body: this type is built for *any* non-200 whose body decodes, so the body alone
	// cannot tell a permanent rejection of the request from a transient server-side
	// failure, and callers that act differently on the two need the status to tell them
	// apart. Zero means the status was not recorded.
	StatusCode int `json:"-"`
}

func (u ErrorResponse) Error() string {
	return u.ErrorField.Message
}

// apiErrorFromResponse builds the error for a non-200 API answer, recording the HTTP
// status alongside the decoded body.
//
// The status is what tells a caller whether the answer will change on a retry: this type
// is built for every non-200 whose body decodes, so a 502 from a load balancer and a 404
// for a deleted device are otherwise indistinguishable. Both response paths go through
// here so neither can decode a body and forget to record it.
func apiErrorFromResponse(statusCode int, d *json.Decoder) (*ErrorResponse, error) {
	errResp := &ErrorResponse{StatusCode: statusCode}
	if err := d.Decode(errResp); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Decode fills exported fields from the body; StatusCode is json:"-", so it survives.
	errResp.StatusCode = statusCode
	return errResp, nil
}

type utilityRequest struct {
	UID      string            `json:"uid"`
	ClientID string            `json:"client_id,omitempty"`
	Metadata map[string]string `json:"metadata"`
}

// UtilityOrgRequest contains request data for calling Org API.
type UtilityOrgRequest struct {
	ProvToken string            `json:"prov_token"`
	Hostname  string            `json:"hostname"`
	Metadata  map[string]string `json:"metadata"`
}

// ResolverConfigRequest contains request data for fetching resolver config.
type ResolverConfigRequest struct {
	RawUID   string
	Version  string
	Metadata map[string]string
}

// LogsRequest contains request data for sending runtime logs to API.
type LogsRequest struct {
	UID  string        `json:"uid"`
	Data io.ReadCloser `json:"-"`
}

// FetchResolverConfig fetch Control D config for given uid.
func FetchResolverConfig(ctx context.Context, req *ResolverConfigRequest, cdDev bool) (*ResolverConfig, error) {
	uid, clientID := ParseRawUID(req.RawUID)
	uReq := utilityRequest{
		UID:      uid,
		Metadata: req.Metadata,
	}
	if clientID != "" {
		uReq.ClientID = clientID
	}
	body, _ := json.Marshal(uReq)
	return postUtilityAPI(ctx, req.Version, cdDev, false, bytes.NewReader(body))
}

// FetchResolverUID fetch resolver uid from a given request.
func FetchResolverUID(ctx context.Context, req *UtilityOrgRequest, version string, cdDev bool) (*ResolverConfig, error) {
	if req == nil {
		return nil, errors.New("invalid request")
	}
	if req.Hostname == "" {
		hostname, _ := preferredHostname()
		ctrld.ProxyLogger.Load().Debug().Msgf("Using system hostname: %s", hostname)
		req.Hostname = hostname
	}

	// Include all hostname sources in metadata so the API can pick the
	// best one if the primary looks generic (e.g., "Mac", "Mac.lan").
	if req.Metadata == nil {
		req.Metadata = make(map[string]string)
	}
	for k, v := range hostnameHints() {
		req.Metadata["hostname_"+k] = v
	}
	ctrld.ProxyLogger.Load().Debug().Msgf("Sending UID request to ControlD API")

	body, _ := json.Marshal(req)
	return postUtilityAPI(ctx, version, cdDev, false, bytes.NewReader(body))
}

// UpdateCustomLastFailed calls API to mark custom config is bad.
func UpdateCustomLastFailed(ctx context.Context, rawUID, version string, cdDev, lastUpdatedFailed bool) (*ResolverConfig, error) {
	uid, clientID := ParseRawUID(rawUID)
	req := utilityRequest{UID: uid}
	if clientID != "" {
		req.ClientID = clientID
	}
	body, _ := json.Marshal(req)
	return postUtilityAPI(ctx, version, cdDev, true, bytes.NewReader(body))
}

func postUtilityAPI(ctx context.Context, version string, cdDev, lastUpdatedFailed bool, body io.Reader) (*ResolverConfig, error) {
	apiUrl := resolverDataURLCom
	if cdDev {
		apiUrl = resolverDataURLDev
	}
	// Context-bound so an in-flight request is abandoned when the caller is
	// cancelled - a service stop during API preflight must not wait out the
	// request timeout, let alone keep retrying.
	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", apiUrl, body)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("http.NewRequest: %w", err)
	}
	q := req.URL.Query()
	q.Set("platform", "ctrld")
	q.Set("version", version)
	if lastUpdatedFailed {
		q.Set("custom_last_failed", "1")
	}
	req.URL.RawQuery = q.Encode()
	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
	transport := apiTransport(cdDev)
	client := &http.Client{
		Timeout:   defaultTimeout,
		Transport: transport,
	}
	resp, err := doWithFallback(client, req, apiServerIP(cdDev))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("postUtilityAPI client.Do: %w", err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	d := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body)
	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
		errResp, err := apiErrorFromResponse(resp.StatusCode, d)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		return nil, errResp
	}

	ur := &utilityResponse{}
	if err := d.Decode(ur); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &ur.Body.Resolver, nil
}

// SendLogs sends runtime log to ControlD API.
func SendLogs(ctx context.Context, lr *LogsRequest, cdDev bool) error {
	defer lr.Data.Close()
	apiUrl := logURLCom
	if cdDev {
		apiUrl = logURLDev
	}
	body, size, getBody, cleanup, err := spoolLogBody(lr.Data)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer cleanup()

	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", apiUrl, body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("http.NewRequest: %w", err)
	}
	req.ContentLength = size
	req.GetBody = getBody
	q := req.URL.Query()
	q.Set("uid", lr.UID)
	req.URL.RawQuery = q.Encode()
	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
	transport := apiTransport(cdDev)
	client := &http.Client{
		Timeout:   sendLogTimeout,
		Transport: transport,
	}
	resp, err := doWithFallback(client, req, apiServerIP(cdDev))
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("SendLogs client.Do: %w", err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	d := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body)
	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
		errResp, err := apiErrorFromResponse(resp.StatusCode, d)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return errResp
	}
	_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body)
	return nil
}

// ParseRawUID parse the input raw UID, returning real UID and ClientID.
// The raw UID can have 2 forms:
//
// - <uid>
// - <uid>/<client_id>
func ParseRawUID(rawUID string) (string, string) {
	uid, clientID, _ := strings.Cut(rawUID, "/")
	return uid, clientID
}

// apiTransport returns an HTTP transport for connecting to ControlD API endpoint.
func apiTransport(cdDev bool) *http.Transport {
	transport := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
	transport.DialContext = func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
		apiDomain := apiDomainCom
		apiIpsV4 := []string{apiDomainComIPv4}
		apiIpsV6 := []string{apiDomainComIPv6}
		apiIPs := []string{apiDomainComIPv4, apiDomainComIPv6}
		if cdDev {
			apiDomain = apiDomainDev
			apiIpsV4 = []string{apiDomainDevIPv4}
			apiIpsV6 = []string{}
			apiIPs = []string{apiDomainDevIPv4}
		}

		ips := ctrld.LookupIP(apiDomain)
		if len(ips) == 0 {
			ctrld.ProxyLogger.Load().Warn().Msgf("No IPs found for %s, use direct IPs: %v", apiDomain, apiIPs)
			ips = apiIPs
		}

		// Separate IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
		var ipv4s, ipv6s []string
		for _, ip := range ips {
			if strings.Contains(ip, ":") {
				ipv6s = append(ipv6s, ip)
			} else {
				ipv4s = append(ipv4s, ip)
			}
		}

		dial := func(ctx context.Context, network string, addrs []string) (net.Conn, error) {
			d := &ctrldnet.ParallelDialer{}
			return d.DialContext(ctx, network, addrs, ctrld.ProxyLogger.Load())
		}
		_, port, _ := net.SplitHostPort(addr)

		// Try IPv4 first
		if len(ipv4s) > 0 {
			if conn, err := dial(ctx, "tcp4", addrsFromPort(ipv4s, port)); err == nil {
				return conn, nil
			}
		}
		// Fallback to direct IPv4
		if conn, err := dial(ctx, "tcp4", addrsFromPort(apiIpsV4, port)); err == nil {
			return conn, nil
		}

		// Fallback to IPv6 if available
		if len(ipv6s) > 0 {
			if conn, err := dial(ctx, "tcp6", addrsFromPort(ipv6s, port)); err == nil {
				return conn, nil
			}
		}
		// Fallback to direct IPv6
		return dial(ctx, "tcp6", addrsFromPort(apiIpsV6, port))
	}
	if router.Name() == ddwrt.Name || runtime.GOOS == "android" {
		transport.TLSClientConfig = &tls.Config{RootCAs: certs.CACertPool(), MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12}
	}
	return transport
}

func addrsFromPort(ips []string, port string) []string {
	addrs := make([]string, len(ips))
	for i, ip := range ips {
		addrs[i] = net.JoinHostPort(ip, port)
	}
	return addrs
}

// doWithFallback sends req, retrying against apiIp directly if the first attempt
// fails (typically because DNS is not usable yet).
//
// Both failures are reported. The first attempt carries the diagnosis - on Windows
// a local firewall denying the socket surfaces there as WSAEACCES ("An attempt was
// made to access a socket in a way forbidden by its access permissions"), which
// says the host is blocking ctrld rather than that the network is down. Returning
// only the fallback error hid that behind a bare "no route to host" from the IPv6
// attempt.
func doWithFallback(client *http.Client, req *http.Request, apiIp string) (*http.Response, error) {
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err == nil {
		return resp, nil
	}
	ctrld.ProxyLogger.Load().Warn().Err(err).Msgf("failed to send request, fallback to direct IP: %s", apiIp)
	ipReq := req.Clone(req.Context())
	ipReq.Host = apiIp
	ipReq.URL.Host = apiIp
	// The first attempt consumed the body. A request that can give its body
	// again sends the whole body a second time.
	if req.GetBody != nil {
		body, bodyErr := req.GetBody()
		if bodyErr != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w; fallback to direct ip %s failed: %w", err, apiIp, bodyErr)
		}
		ipReq.Body = body
	}
	resp, fallbackErr := client.Do(ipReq)
	if fallbackErr != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w; fallback to direct ip %s failed: %w", err, apiIp, fallbackErr)
	}
	return resp, nil
}

// spoolLogBody copies an upload to a temporary file, so the request can go
// out a second time to the direct IP of the API. A log reader yields its
// bytes once, and the first attempt consumes them. The caller runs cleanup
// after the response arrived.
func spoolLogBody(data io.Reader) (body *os.File, size int64, getBody func() (io.ReadCloser, error), cleanup func(), err error) {
	f, err := os.CreateTemp("", "ctrld-log-upload-*")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, 0, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("creating the upload spool: %w", err)
	}
	cleanup = func() {
		_ = f.Close()
		_ = os.Remove(f.Name())
	}
	size, err = io.Copy(f, data)
	if err != nil {
		cleanup()
		return nil, 0, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("writing the upload spool: %w", err)
	}
	if _, err := f.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
		cleanup()
		return nil, 0, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("rewinding the upload spool: %w", err)
	}
	// The transport closes the body of a failed attempt, so the second body
	// is a new handle on the same file.
	getBody = func() (io.ReadCloser, error) { return os.Open(f.Name()) }
	return f, size, getBody, cleanup, nil
}

// apiServerIP returns the direct IP to connect to API server.
func apiServerIP(cdDev bool) string {
	if cdDev {
		return apiDomainDevIPv4
	}
	return apiDomainComIPv4
}

// DoWithFallbackForTest exposes doWithFallback so tests outside this package can drive
// the real two-attempt composition through the real retry predicate, rather than
// asserting a copy of this error shape against another copy of it.
func DoWithFallbackForTest(client *http.Client, req *http.Request, apiIp string) (*http.Response, error) {
	return doWithFallback(client, req, apiIp)
}