diff --git a/data/core.yaml b/data/core.yaml
index 4c559e3ce..b1f38a03e 100644
--- a/data/core.yaml
+++ b/data/core.yaml
@@ -1467,11 +1467,21 @@ en:
       title: Operations
       intro: "*Operations* are special commands you can use to edit features. {rightclick} Right-click or {longpress_icon} long-press any feature to view the available operations."
       intro_2: "Each operation has its own keyboard shortcut. Most operations can be applied to multiple features at once."
-      reverse: "The {reverse_icon} **{reverse}** operation changes the direction of features like one-way roads, traffic signs, streams, and cliffs."
-      disconnect: "The {disconnect_icon} **{disconnect}** operation separates connected features from each other."
-      merge: "The {merge_icon} **{merge}** operation combines multiple features into one."
-      split: "The {split_icon} **{split}** operation divides lines at the selected point. This is useful when you want to set different attributes on different parts of a line."
-      extract: "The {extract_icon} **{extract}** operation creates a point out of a line or area. This can be used to separate points of interest from buildings."
+      straighten: "{straighten_icon} **{straighten}** removes bends from lines. It can also align groups of points into neat rows."
+      orthogonalize: "{orthogonalize_icon} **{orthogonalize}** snaps the corners of areas and lines to 90°. You can square individual corners or entire features."
+      circularize: "{circularize_icon} **{circularize}** turns areas and closed lines into circles."
+      move: "{move_icon} **{move}** lets you drag features around the map."
+      rotate: "{rotate_icon} **{rotate}** lets you swivel features around their center points."
+      reflect: "{reflect_short_icon} **{reflect_short}** and {reflect_long_icon} **{reflect_long}** reflect features over their short and long axes."
+      continue: "{continue_icon} **{continue}** lets you extend existing lines from their endpoints."
+      reverse: "{reverse_icon} **{reverse}** changes the direction of features. The direction matters for things like one-way roads, traffic signs, waterways, and cliffs."
+      disconnect: "{disconnect_icon} **{disconnect}** separates connected lines and areas from each other. You can disconnect entire features or just selected points."
+      merge: "{merge_icon} **{merge}** combines multiple features into one. You can merge areas together to create multipolygons, merge lines together to create longer lines, and merge points into anything to transfer their tags."
+      split: "{split_icon} **{split}** divides lines at the selected points. If specific lines are also selected, only those are split."
+      extract: "{extract_icon} **{extract}** detaches points from lines. It also pulls points out of buildings and other areas."
+      delete: "{delete_icon} **{delete}** removes features from the map. Anything that doesn't exist in the real world should be deleted."
+      downgrade: "{downgrade_icon} **{downgrade}** removes most tags except building and address info. This is helpful when businesses close yet their facilities remain."
+      copy_paste: "{copy_icon} **{copy}** and {paste_icon} **{paste}** let you duplicate features."
     notes:
       title: Notes
       intro: "*Notes* are used to alert other users that a feature requires fixing or attention. Notes mark a specific location on the map. To view existing notes or add new ones, open the {data_icon} **{map_data}** panel and enable the {osm_notes} layer."
diff --git a/modules/ui/intro/helper.js b/modules/ui/intro/helper.js
index 5f9b1b570..9e1f72e2b 100644
--- a/modules/ui/intro/helper.js
+++ b/modules/ui/intro/helper.js
@@ -57,15 +57,6 @@ export function helpHtml(id, replacements) {
         note_icon: icon('#iD-icon-note', 'inline add-note'),
         plus: icon('#iD-icon-plus', 'inline'),
         minus: icon('#iD-icon-minus', 'inline'),
-        move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'inline operation'),
-        merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'inline operation'),
-        delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'inline operation'),
-        circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'inline operation'),
-        split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'inline operation'),
-        orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'inline operation'),
-        reverse_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reverse', 'inline operation'),
-        extract_icon: icon('#iD-operation-extract', 'inline operation'),
-        disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'inline operation'),
         layers_icon: icon('#iD-icon-layers', 'inline'),
         data_icon: icon('#iD-icon-data', 'inline'),
         inspect: icon('#iD-icon-inspect', 'inline'),
@@ -73,6 +64,27 @@ export function helpHtml(id, replacements) {
         undo_icon: icon(localizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo', 'inline'),
         redo_icon: icon(localizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-undo' : '#iD-icon-redo', 'inline'),
         save_icon: icon('#iD-icon-save', 'inline'),
+
+        // operation icons
+        circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'inline operation'),
+        continue_icon: icon('#iD-operation-continue', 'inline operation'),
+        copy_icon: icon('#iD-operation-copy', 'inline operation'),
+        delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'inline operation'),
+        disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'inline operation'),
+        downgrade_icon: icon('#iD-operation-downgrade', 'inline operation'),
+        extract_icon: icon('#iD-operation-extract', 'inline operation'),
+        merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'inline operation'),
+        move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'inline operation'),
+        orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'inline operation'),
+        paste_icon: icon('#iD-operation-paste', 'inline operation'),
+        reflect_long_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-long', 'inline operation'),
+        reflect_short_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reflect-short', 'inline operation'),
+        reverse_icon: icon('#iD-operation-reverse', 'inline operation'),
+        rotate_icon: icon('#iD-operation-rotate', 'inline operation'),
+        split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'inline operation'),
+        straighten_icon: icon('#iD-operation-straighten', 'inline operation'),
+
+        // interaction icons
         leftclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-left', 'inline operation'),
         rightclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-right', 'inline operation'),
         mousewheel_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mousewheel', 'inline operation'),
@@ -101,15 +113,25 @@ export function helpHtml(id, replacements) {
         line: t.html('modes.add_line.title'),
         area: t.html('modes.add_area.title'),
         note: t.html('modes.add_note.label'),
+
+        circularize: t.html('operations.circularize.title'),
+        continue: t.html('operations.continue.title'),
+        copy: t.html('operations.copy.title'),
         delete: t.html('operations.delete.title'),
+        disconnect: t.html('operations.disconnect.title'),
+        downgrade: t.html('operations.downgrade.title'),
+        extract: t.html('operations.extract.title'),
+        merge: t.html('operations.merge.title'),
         move: t.html('operations.move.title'),
         orthogonalize: t.html('operations.orthogonalize.title'),
+        paste: t.html('operations.paste.title'),
+        reflect_long: t.html('operations.reflect.title.long'),
+        reflect_short: t.html('operations.reflect.title.short'),
         reverse: t.html('operations.reverse.title'),
-        extract: t.html('operations.extract.title'),
-        circularize: t.html('operations.circularize.title'),
-        merge: t.html('operations.merge.title'),
-        disconnect: t.html('operations.disconnect.title'),
+        rotate: t.html('operations.rotate.title'),
         split: t.html('operations.split.title'),
+        straighten: t.html('operations.straighten.title'),
+
         map_data: t.html('map_data.title'),
         osm_notes: t.html('map_data.layers.notes.title'),
         fields: t.html('inspector.fields'),
diff --git a/modules/ui/panes/help.js b/modules/ui/panes/help.js
index 13563d413..b0a8649fb 100644
--- a/modules/ui/panes/help.js
+++ b/modules/ui/panes/help.js
@@ -147,11 +147,21 @@ export function uiPaneHelp(context) {
         ['operations', [
             'intro',
             'intro_2',
+            'straighten',
+            'orthogonalize',
+            'circularize',
+            'move',
+            'rotate',
+            'reflect',
+            'continue',
             'reverse',
             'disconnect',
-            'merge',
             'split',
-            'extract'
+            'extract',
+            'merge',
+            'delete',
+            'downgrade',
+            'copy_paste'
         ]],
         ['notes', [
             'intro',