The native-vs-downscale decision in InvisibleEngine.remove_watermark (the
issue #10/#15 fix: max_resolution=0 must not pre-downscale, since any
downscale both loses quality and lets SynthID survive) had no test. Extract
it into a pure helper invisible_engine._target_size(w, h, max_resolution)
and cover it with tests/test_invisible_engine.py::TestTargetSize so a
re-introduced forced downscale fails CI instead of silently regressing #15.
Also:
- Clamp the short side to >=1 in _target_size: extreme aspect ratios (e.g.
5000x3 with --max-resolution 1024) truncated it to 0 and crashed
image.resize(). Pre-existing in the inline math; fixed now that it is a
named, tested function.
- Consolidate the two duplicated temp-file save blocks into one
unconditional save (behavior unchanged: the EXIF-transposed image is
still always persisted before WatermarkRemover reloads it by path), and
drop the now-redundant `_tmp_path is not None` guard in finally.
- Bump version 0.5.3 -> 0.5.4 (pyproject, __init__, uv.lock); document the
helper as the regression guard in CLAUDE.md.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
data/samples/doubao-1.png is the real #13 sample: carries the China TC260
<TC260:AIGC> XMP label and a visible '豆包AI生成' text mark (bottom-right).
Grounds the AIGC detection on a real file (alongside the synthetic tests)
and serves as the fixture for visible-watermark removal work.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
`cv2.imread(..., IMREAD_COLOR)` was silently stripping the alpha channel
on RGBA inputs, and `cv2.imwrite` then wrote opaque 3-channel PNGs — so
images with transparent backgrounds came back with an opaque-black (or
white) background and the sparkle area baked in as a solid blob.
Read the source with `IMREAD_UNCHANGED`, keep the alpha plane out of the
detection/inpaint path (those still operate on BGR), and rejoin alpha at
save time. The detected watermark bbox is also zeroed in the alpha plane
so the sparkle region becomes transparent rather than an opaque artifact.
Applies to `visible`, `all`, and `batch` modes. RGB-only inputs and JPEG
outputs are unaffected.
Collected live samples from three popular generators we lacked:
- Ideogram tags its downloads with EXIF Make="Ideogram AI" (no C2PA, no
SynthID, no imwatermark) -- the Make tag is its only signal. exif_generator
only read Software/Artist/ImageDescription, so it missed this; now reads
Make too. Real cameras put "Apple"/"Canon" in Make (no AI token), so this
stays low-false-positive. 4 originals ingested.
- Recraft (PNG export) and Krea hosting FLUX 2: downloads carry NO detectable
signal -- no C2PA/EXIF/IPTC, and notably no imwatermark despite Krea running
FLUX. identify correctly reports 'unknown'. Both ingested as neg fixtures.
Lesson recorded in CLAUDE.md: the imwatermark detector fires only on pristine
output from a pipeline that runs the encoder (diffusers default, official BFL),
not from re-hosts (Krea/Stability) or re-encoded exports (Recraft/Canva).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Closes the documented gap where EXIF/XMP fields inside AVIF/HEIF/JXL went
unparsed. metadata.exif_generator extracts the EXIF Software/Artist tag
(via PIL+piexif, which opens AVIF natively) and the XMP CreatorTool (via a
container-agnostic raw-byte scan that also covers HEIF/JXL that PIL can't
open), and matches against AI_GENERATOR_TOKENS so only generator names
(Firefly, DALL-E, Midjourney, ComfyUI, ...) fire -- a plain 'Adobe
Photoshop' or 'GIMP' tag is not flagged.
identify() surfaces it as a high-confidence signal and uses it for
platform attribution when no C2PA names a platform, so an AVIF/HEIF whose
only AI signal is an EXIF/XMP generator tag is now caught.
Validated with synthesized fixtures (the 'no positive fixtures' blocker
was self-imposed): real AVIF and JPEG written with EXIF Software via PIL,
plus an XMP CreatorTool raw-scan fixture. Zero false positives across the
109-image corpus (real iPhone photos carry no AI generator token).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Collected live C2PA positives from Bing Image Creator and Stability Brand
Studio (DreamStudio successor) and learned two things our scan got wrong:
- Bing now runs Microsoft's own MAI-Image model, not DALL-E, and signs
C2PA as 'Microsoft'. The scan caught it, but the platform label claimed
'Microsoft Designer (DALL-E / OpenAI backend)'. Relabeled model-neutral:
'Microsoft (Bing Image Creator / Designer)'.
- Stability signs C2PA as 'Stability AI' (cert 'Stability AI Ltd'), which
was not in C2PA_ISSUERS, so it read as 'unknown signer'. Added the issuer
and a platform mapping. Stability uses no SynthID and (on its current
Stable Image model) no imwatermark watermark -- verified, both negative.
Both ingested as SynthID-negative corpus fixtures (they are AI but not
SynthID) for issuer-coverage. Canva skipped: its downloads are re-encoded
design exports that strip C2PA, so a Canva sample would be inconclusive.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Research found one locally-fillable detection gap: Stable Diffusion, SDXL,
and FLUX all embed an open DWT-DCT watermark via the invisible-watermark
(imwatermark) library -- a PUBLIC decoder, no secret key, unlike SynthID.
New invisible_watermark.py decodes the known fixed patterns (verified
against upstream source: diffusers SDXL WATERMARK_MESSAGE, FLUX.2
src/flux2/watermark.py, and the 'StableDiffusionV1' default string) and
identify() reports the scheme as a high-confidence signal.
Verified locally end-to-end: embedding SDXL's exact 48-bit message and
decoding it back recovers 48/48 bits; a clean image and our own fal-SDXL
outputs decode to ~21/48 (no match). Caveat baked into the report: the
watermark is fragile -- gone after JPEG q90 -- so it confirms origin only
on pristine files; absence is never proof.
imwatermark is an optional dep (extra 'detect'; pulls non-headless opencv),
so the import is guarded and the signal is skipped when absent. CLI
--no-visible now means metadata-only (skips both pixel-domain detectors).
Also records the broader watermarking landscape in CLAUDE.md: which
services are locally detectable (SD/SDXL/FLUX), C2PA-covered (Bing/Canva/
Getty/Shutterstock unsampled), or proprietary-only like SynthID (Amazon
Titan/Nova, Kakao). Midjourney embeds neither C2PA nor an invisible mark.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
scripts/synthid_pixel_probe.py is an experimental/diagnostic tool for the
one pixel-domain question that isn't a dead-end: on solid-color fills the
zero-mean residual IS essentially the watermark carrier. Two modes:
'consistency' (mean pairwise NCC of carriers across fills vs random
baseline) and 'removal' (does the pipeline drop the carrier toward
baseline?). Logic validated synthetically (injected carrier correlates,
random noise doesn't, simulated removal collapses it) -- no real fills or
GPU needed.
Running its metric on the corpus independently re-confirms the documented
dead-end for real content: at matched resolution SynthID positives do not
cluster apart from negatives (within-Gemini 0.07; at 1024 px pos-vs-neg
>= pos-vs-pos). An apparent 0.62 among 1254px ChatGPT positives turned out
to be near-duplicate content (5 renders of one prompt at ~0.92; a distinct
ChatGPT image scored ~0 against them), not a shared carrier. The probe is
solid-fills-only; do not use on real content.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds 20 tests around the new provenance path:
- identify(): local SD/ComfyUI params -> local-pipeline attribution;
visible-sparkle gating at the 0.5 threshold (mocked detector: above,
below, unavailable, opt-out); metadata verdict not downgraded by a
sparkle hit; OpenAI/SynthID caveats + dedup; ProvenanceReport is
JSON-serializable (the CLI --json path); and the honest edge where a
C2PA manifest without an AI source marker stays 'unknown'.
- CLI 'identify': help, clean PNG, AI PNG platform, valid --json,
missing file.
- gemini_engine.detect_sparkle_confidence: float in range for a real
image, None for an unreadable file.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
New 'identify' command and identify.py module: upload an image, get one
ProvenanceReport answering where it was made and what watermarks it
carries. Aggregates every locally-readable signal:
- C2PA Content Credentials -> generating platform (issuer + generator).
- IPTC digitalSourceType 'Made with AI' (Meta and others).
- Embedded SD/ComfyUI generation parameters (local pipelines).
- SynthID metadata proxy (Google / OpenAI C2PA companion).
- Visible Gemini sparkle (cv2 fallback for the stripped-metadata case),
promoted only at confidence >= 0.5 (corpus-tuned: Gemini sparkles
score >= 0.56, non-sparkle <= 0.49).
is_ai_generated is True or None, never asserted False -- stripped
metadata leaves no local proof of a clean origin, so absence of signals
is reported as 'unknown' with an explicit caveat. The SynthID *pixel*
watermark remains locally undecodable; the report says so.
Non-PNG containers (JPEG/WebP/AVIF/HEIF/JXL) get the same issuer +
generator attribution via a binary scan (the caBX parser is PNG-only).
The cv2 dependency is isolated in gemini_engine.detect_sparkle_confidence
so identify.py stays type-clean. CLI supports --json and --no-visible.
Validated against the 109-image corpus: 14/14 positives flagged AI,
93/94 negatives clean (the one 'neg' flagged is a Meta image that
genuinely carries the IPTC tag -- correct), zero true errors.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
get_ai_metadata opened the file with PIL unguarded, so a HEIC (or any
format PIL can't open without optional plugins) raised
UnidentifiedImageError instead of falling through to the binary scan --
unlike has_ai_metadata, which already guards. Wrap the open in
except Exception and continue to the C2PA/IPTC path. Regression test
feeds an unopenable .heic shell and asserts no raise.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
On some manifests (observed: Microsoft Designer) the first CBOR "name"
key precedes a binary hash field, not the generator string, so
_cbor_text_after returns control-char garbage. Guard with isprintable()
to drop it; issuer detection (byte-search) and the SynthID verdict are
unaffected. Adds TestParseChunkGuards covering kept-vs-dropped cases.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Detect SynthID-bearing images via their C2PA companion: a manifest signed by a
SynthID-using vendor (Google/OpenAI) on AI-generated content implies an
invisible SynthID pixel watermark. Verified end-to-end against the vendor
oracles (openai.com/verify, Gemini "Verify with SynthID").
- metadata: synthid_source() + synthid_watermark verdict in get_ai_metadata,
surfaced as a `metadata --check` callout. Format-agnostic (PNG caBX parser +
JPEG/WebP/AVIF/HEIF/JXL binary scan).
- constants: SYNTHID_C2PA_ISSUERS {Google, OpenAI}; +opened/placed actions.
- c2pa: single CBOR-aware parser (_cbor_text_after) replaces glitchy regex
(fixes fGPT-4o claim_generator); removed duplicate _scan_png_c2pa_chunk from
metadata; shared synthid_verdict / synthid_vendors_in helpers.
- corpus: scripts/synthid_corpus.py ingest tool + data/synthid_corpus/
(manifest tracked, images gitignored) for a labeled reference set.
- tests: +38 across C2PA parser internals, extract/inject round-trip, ISOBMFF
container stripping, all IPTC AI markers, and invisible watermark strength
tiers (SynthID/StableSignature/TreeRing/StegaStamp/RingID/RivaGAN/...).
Pixel-level SynthID detection remains out of reach locally (Google's decoder is
proprietary); a from-scratch spectral pilot confirmed it does not separate real
content. See CLAUDE.md for the full evaluation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
SD-1.5 dreamshaper at 768 px did not defeat SynthID v2 on Gemini 3 Pro
outputs (verified May 2026 via Gemini app's "Verify with SynthID"). Switch
the default invisible engine to SDXL at 1024 px, matching the raiw-app
production config (strength 0.05, steps 50). Drop the SD-1.5 pipeline.
Metadata layer: add C2PA UUID and IPTC AI marker byte-scan detection
across all formats, plus an ISOBMFF box walker (noai/isobmff.py) that
strips top-level C2PA uuid and JUMBF jumb boxes from AVIF/HEIF/JPEG-XL
containers without re-encoding.
README gets a Legal table and a Threat-model section about SynthID v2's
136-bit payload. CLAUDE.md tracks the SD-1.5 regression as historical
context.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Remove opencv-python from [gpu] extra (conflicts with headless in base deps)
- Add graceful fallback in 'invisible' and 'all' commands when GPU deps missing
- Cache InvisibleEngine in batch mode (avoid reloading model per image)
- Fix --humanize help text (was '0.0-1.0', actual range is 0-6.0+)
- Fix stale docstring referencing non-existent [invisible] extra
- Add [gpu] extra install instructions to README
- Fix broken NeuralBleach placeholder URL in Credits
- Unify 'all' defaults to match 'invisible' (strength=0.02, steps=100)
- Reorder CLI docs: 'all' command first, individual commands second
- HuggingFace token is now documented as optional
- Remove 'additional setup' label from invisible section
Changes since 0.1.0:
- Fix phantom model param bug in invisible/all commands
- Fix macOS SSL certificate issue for YOLO downloads
- Use temp file in 'all' pipeline to hide intermediate output
- Add legal disclaimer and fix license attribution
- Add troubleshooting and upgrade docs to README
- Expand test suite to 137 tests covering all CLI modes
- Clean up dependencies and pyright config
- CLI with visible, invisible, all, metadata, and batch commands
- Gemini watermark removal via reverse alpha blending
- Invisible watermark removal via diffusion regeneration (SynthID, TreeRing)
- AI metadata stripping (EXIF, PNG text, C2PA)
- Face protection (YOLO/Haar) and analog humanizer
- 137 tests covering all CLI modes and core engines
- Ruff and Pyright clean
test-user