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3a1c5427c8
Collected live C2PA positives from Bing Image Creator and Stability Brand Studio (DreamStudio successor) and learned two things our scan got wrong: - Bing now runs Microsoft's own MAI-Image model, not DALL-E, and signs C2PA as 'Microsoft'. The scan caught it, but the platform label claimed 'Microsoft Designer (DALL-E / OpenAI backend)'. Relabeled model-neutral: 'Microsoft (Bing Image Creator / Designer)'. - Stability signs C2PA as 'Stability AI' (cert 'Stability AI Ltd'), which was not in C2PA_ISSUERS, so it read as 'unknown signer'. Added the issuer and a platform mapping. Stability uses no SynthID and (on its current Stable Image model) no imwatermark watermark -- verified, both negative. Both ingested as SynthID-negative corpus fixtures (they are AI but not SynthID) for issuer-coverage. Canva skipped: its downloads are re-encoded design exports that strip C2PA, so a Canva sample would be inconclusive. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
303 lines
12 KiB
Python
303 lines
12 KiB
Python
"""Tests for the provenance identifier (identify.py).
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Pure attribution logic is unit-tested directly; end-to-end verdicts assert
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against the real committed C2PA / IPTC fixtures in data/samples/.
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"""
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from __future__ import annotations
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import json
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from dataclasses import asdict
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from pathlib import Path
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from unittest.mock import patch
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import pytest
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from remove_ai_watermarks.identify import (
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ProvenanceReport,
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_ai_tools_in,
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_attribute_platform,
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_issuers_in,
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identify,
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)
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# Where the lazy import inside identify._visible_sparkle resolves the detector.
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_SPARKLE_TARGET = "remove_ai_watermarks.gemini_engine.detect_sparkle_confidence"
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SAMPLES_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent / "data" / "samples"
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# ── Pure attribution logic (no file IO) ─────────────────────────────
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class TestAttributePlatform:
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def test_openai(self):
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assert "OpenAI" in (_attribute_platform(["OpenAI"]) or "")
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def test_designer_wins_over_openai_backend(self):
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# Microsoft Designer signs as "OpenAI, Microsoft"; name the product.
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platform = _attribute_platform(["OpenAI", "Microsoft"])
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assert platform
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assert "Designer" in platform
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def test_adobe(self):
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assert _attribute_platform(["Adobe"]) == "Adobe Firefly"
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def test_google(self):
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assert "Google" in (_attribute_platform(["Google LLC"]) or "")
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def test_truepic_is_signer_not_generator(self):
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platform = _attribute_platform(["Truepic"])
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assert platform
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assert "signer" in platform.lower()
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def test_microsoft_label_is_model_neutral(self):
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# Bing now runs MAI-Image, not DALL-E; the label must not claim DALL-E.
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platform = _attribute_platform(["Microsoft"])
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assert platform
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assert "DALL-E" not in platform
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def test_stability(self):
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platform = _attribute_platform(["Stability AI"])
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assert platform
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assert "Stability AI" in platform
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def test_empty_is_none(self):
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assert _attribute_platform([]) is None
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class TestIssuersIn:
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def test_finds_openai(self):
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assert _issuers_in(b"...OpenAI...trainedAlgorithmicMedia") == ["OpenAI"]
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def test_finds_multiple_sorted(self):
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assert _issuers_in(b"Microsoft and OpenAI") == ["Microsoft", "OpenAI"]
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def test_none_present(self):
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assert _issuers_in(b"just some bytes") == []
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class TestAiToolsIn:
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def test_finds_generator(self):
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assert _ai_tools_in(b"...claim_generator Imagen 3...") == ["Imagen"]
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def test_none_present(self):
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assert _ai_tools_in(b"a regular photo, no tools") == []
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class TestIdentifyNonPng:
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"""Non-PNG containers (JPEG/WebP/AVIF) carry C2PA where the caBX parser can't
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reach; identify recovers issuer + generator via the binary scan. Synthetic
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byte blobs mirror tests/test_metadata.py::TestSynthIDSourceNonPng.
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"""
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def _c2pa_jpeg(self, tmp_path: Path, blob: bytes) -> Path:
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path = tmp_path / "img.jpg"
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path.write_bytes(b"\xff\xd8\xff\xe1jumbc2pa" + blob + b"\xff\xd9")
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return path
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def test_google_imagen_jpeg(self, tmp_path: Path):
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path = self._c2pa_jpeg(tmp_path, b"Google Imagen ... trainedAlgorithmicMedia")
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r = identify(path, check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.platform is not None
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assert "Google" in r.platform
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# Generator recovered from the non-PNG blob shows up in the c2pa signal.
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c2pa_signal = next(s for s in r.signals if s.name == "c2pa")
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assert "Imagen" in c2pa_signal.detail
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def test_openai_jpeg_has_synthid(self, tmp_path: Path):
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path = self._c2pa_jpeg(tmp_path, b"OpenAI DALL-E ... trainedAlgorithmicMedia")
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r = identify(path, check_visible=False)
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assert any("SynthID" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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def test_stability_ai_issuer_attributed_no_synthid(self, tmp_path: Path):
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path = self._c2pa_jpeg(tmp_path, b"Stability AI ... trainedAlgorithmicMedia")
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r = identify(path, check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.platform is not None
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assert "Stability AI" in r.platform
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assert not any("SynthID" in w for w in r.watermarks) # Stability does not use SynthID
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def test_c2pa_without_ai_marker_is_unknown(self, tmp_path: Path):
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# Adobe signs C2PA on plain Photoshop edits too. Without an AI digital-
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# source marker, the honest verdict is unknown -- the C2PA watermark is
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# still listed, but is_ai_generated is not asserted True.
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path = self._c2pa_jpeg(tmp_path, b"Adobe ... no ai marker here")
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r = identify(path, check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is None
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assert any("C2PA" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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assert not any("SynthID" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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# ── End-to-end verdicts on real fixtures ────────────────────────────
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@pytest.mark.skipif(not SAMPLES_DIR.exists(), reason="data/samples not present")
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class TestIdentifyRealSamples:
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def test_openai_chatgpt(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "chatgpt-1.png", check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.confidence == "high"
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assert r.platform
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assert "OpenAI" in r.platform
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assert any("C2PA" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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assert any("SynthID" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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def test_adobe_firefly_has_no_synthid(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "firefly-1.png", check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.platform == "Adobe Firefly"
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assert not any("SynthID" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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def test_iptc_made_with_ai(self):
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# mj-1.png carries the IPTC digitalSourceType "Made with AI" marker.
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "mj-1.png", check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert any("IPTC" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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def test_clean_photo_is_unknown_not_clean(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "not-ai-1.jpeg", check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is None # never asserted False
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assert r.platform is None
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assert r.confidence == "none"
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assert r.watermarks == []
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def test_strip_caveat_always_present(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "not-ai-1.jpeg", check_visible=False)
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assert any("not proof" in c for c in r.caveats)
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def test_returns_report_dataclass(self):
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assert isinstance(identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "firefly-1.png", check_visible=False), ProvenanceReport)
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# ── Local diffusion parameters (Stable Diffusion / ComfyUI) ─────────
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class TestIdentifyLocalParams:
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"""A PNG carrying SD-style generation params is attributed to a local pipeline."""
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def test_sd_params_attributed_to_local_pipeline(self, tmp_png_with_ai_metadata: Path):
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r = identify(tmp_png_with_ai_metadata, check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.confidence == "high"
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assert r.platform is not None
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assert "Stable Diffusion" in r.platform
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assert any("generation parameters" in w for w in r.watermarks)
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def test_gen_params_signal_lists_keys(self, tmp_png_with_ai_metadata: Path):
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r = identify(tmp_png_with_ai_metadata, check_visible=False)
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signal = next(s for s in r.signals if s.name == "gen_params")
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assert "parameters" in signal.detail
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assert signal.confidence == "high"
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def test_clean_png_is_unknown(self, tmp_clean_png: Path):
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r = identify(tmp_clean_png, check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is None
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assert r.platform is None
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assert r.confidence == "none"
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assert r.signals == []
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# ── Visible-sparkle fallback (mocked detector) ──────────────────────
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class TestIdentifyVisibleSparkle:
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"""The visible-sparkle signal gates on the corpus-tuned threshold (0.5)."""
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def test_above_threshold_promotes_to_medium(self, tmp_clean_png: Path):
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with patch(_SPARKLE_TARGET, return_value=0.7):
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r = identify(tmp_clean_png, check_visible=True)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.confidence == "medium"
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assert r.platform is not None
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assert "Gemini" in r.platform
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signal = next(s for s in r.signals if s.name == "visible_sparkle")
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assert signal.confidence == "medium"
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def test_below_threshold_not_promoted(self, tmp_clean_png: Path):
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with patch(_SPARKLE_TARGET, return_value=0.4):
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r = identify(tmp_clean_png, check_visible=True)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is None
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assert not any(s.name == "visible_sparkle" for s in r.signals)
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def test_detector_unavailable_does_not_crash(self, tmp_clean_png: Path):
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with patch(_SPARKLE_TARGET, return_value=None):
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r = identify(tmp_clean_png, check_visible=True)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is None
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assert not any(s.name == "visible_sparkle" for s in r.signals)
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def test_check_visible_false_skips_detector(self, tmp_clean_png: Path):
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# Even a strong detection is ignored when the caller opts out.
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with patch(_SPARKLE_TARGET, return_value=0.99) as mock_detect:
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r = identify(tmp_clean_png, check_visible=False)
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mock_detect.assert_not_called()
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assert not any(s.name == "visible_sparkle" for s in r.signals)
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def test_metadata_keeps_high_even_with_sparkle(self, tmp_png_with_ai_metadata: Path):
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# Metadata verdict (high) is not downgraded by an additional sparkle hit.
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with patch(_SPARKLE_TARGET, return_value=0.7):
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r = identify(tmp_png_with_ai_metadata, check_visible=True)
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assert r.confidence == "high"
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# ── Caveats and serialization ───────────────────────────────────────
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@pytest.mark.skipif(not SAMPLES_DIR.exists(), reason="data/samples not present")
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class TestIdentifyCaveats:
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def test_openai_hedge_caveat_present(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "chatgpt-1.png", check_visible=False)
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assert any("before the rollout" in c for c in r.caveats)
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def test_synthid_proxy_caveat_present(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "chatgpt-1.png", check_visible=False)
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assert any("not locally" in c for c in r.caveats)
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def test_caveats_are_deduplicated(self):
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r = identify(SAMPLES_DIR / "chatgpt-1.png", check_visible=False)
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assert len(r.caveats) == len(set(r.caveats))
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class TestReportSerializable:
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def test_report_is_json_serializable(self, tmp_png_with_ai_metadata: Path):
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# The CLI --json path relies on asdict + json.dumps(default=str).
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report = identify(tmp_png_with_ai_metadata, check_visible=False)
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dumped = json.dumps(asdict(report), default=str)
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assert "is_ai_generated" in dumped
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# ── Open invisible watermark (SD/SDXL/FLUX) integration ─────────────
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from remove_ai_watermarks.invisible_watermark import is_available as _wm_available # noqa: E402
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@pytest.mark.skipif(not _wm_available(), reason="invisible-watermark not installed")
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class TestIdentifyInvisibleWatermark:
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def _sdxl_watermarked(self, tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
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import cv2
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import numpy as np
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from imwatermark import WatermarkEncoder
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from remove_ai_watermarks.invisible_watermark import _BITS_48
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bits = [int(b) for b in format(_BITS_48["Stable Diffusion XL"], "048b")]
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enc = WatermarkEncoder()
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enc.set_watermark("bits", bits)
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img = np.random.default_rng(0).integers(0, 255, (512, 512, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
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path = tmp_path / "sdxl.png"
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cv2.imwrite(str(path), enc.encode(img, "dwtDct"))
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return path
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def test_sdxl_watermark_identified(self, tmp_path: Path):
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r = identify(self._sdxl_watermarked(tmp_path), check_visible=False)
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assert r.is_ai_generated is True
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assert r.confidence == "high"
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assert r.platform is not None
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assert "Stable Diffusion XL" in r.platform
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assert any("invisible watermark" in w.lower() for w in r.watermarks)
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def test_check_invisible_false_skips(self, tmp_path: Path):
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r = identify(self._sdxl_watermarked(tmp_path), check_visible=False, check_invisible=False)
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assert not any(s.name == "invisible_watermark" for s in r.signals)
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