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Kevin Thomas
185 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
185 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
# Week 1 Quiz: Embedded Systems Reverse Engineering Fundamentals
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## Instructions
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Choose the best answer for each question. There is only one correct answer per question.
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---
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## Questions
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### Question 1
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What is the primary characteristic that defines a microcontroller?
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A) It only processes data at high speeds
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B) It's a tiny computer with processor, memory, and storage on a single chip
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C) It requires an external power supply to function
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D) It can only run assembly code, not C programs
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 1 – "What is a Microcontroller?"
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**Correct Answer: B**
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---
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### Question 2
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Which special register in the ARM Cortex-M33 is also known as the Link Register (LR)?
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A) r13
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B) r15
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C) r14
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D) r12
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 2 – "The ARM Cortex-M33 Registers" (register table)
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**Correct Answer: C**
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---
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### Question 3
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In ARM systems, what happens to the Stack Pointer (SP) when you PUSH data onto the stack?
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A) The SP value increases because data is added
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B) The SP value decreases because the stack grows downward
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C) The SP value stays the same
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D) The SP value doubles to accommodate more data
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 2 – "The Stack Pointer (r13 / SP)"
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**Correct Answer: B**
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---
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### Question 4
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What does XIP (Execute In Place) mean for the RP2350 microcontroller?
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A) The processor must copy all code to RAM before execution
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B) The processor can run code directly from flash memory without copying to RAM first
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C) The processor can only execute code in debug mode
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D) The processor executes instructions in parallel
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 3 – "XIP - Execute In Place"
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**Correct Answer: B**
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---
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### Question 5
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At which memory address does program code start in flash memory for the RP2350?
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A) 0x00000000
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B) 0x20000000
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C) 0x10000000
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D) 0xFFFFFFFF
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 3 – "XIP - Execute In Place" (Key Memory Address: 0x10000000)
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**Correct Answer: C**
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---
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### Question 6
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What is the purpose of the Program Counter (PC) register?
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A) It counts how many times a program has run
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B) It stores the total number of instructions executed
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C) It points to the next instruction the processor will execute
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D) It keeps track of how much time has elapsed
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 2 – "The Program Counter (r15 / PC)"
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**Correct Answer: C**
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---
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### Question 7
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Which GDB command is used to display the disassembled assembly code for the current function?
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A) `info assembly`
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B) `show code`
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C) `disas`
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D) `list asm`
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 4 – "Disassembling with `disas`"
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**Correct Answer: C**
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---
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### Question 8
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Why do we start with ELF (.elf) files instead of stripped binary (.bin) files when learning reverse engineering?
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A) ELF files are smaller and faster to load
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B) ELF files contain symbols like function names that make analysis easier
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C) Binary files cannot be analyzed by Ghidra
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D) ELF files run faster on the Pico 2
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 5 – "Why We Start with .elf Files"
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**Correct Answer: B**
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---
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### Question 9
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In the hello-world program, what assembly instruction creates the infinite loop?
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A) `push {r3, lr}`
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B) `bl stdio_init_all`
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C) `b.n` (branch to earlier instruction)
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D) `ldr r0, [pc, #8]`
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 4 – "Disassembling with `disas`" (the `disas` output showing `b.n 0x1000023a`)
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**Correct Answer: C**
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---
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### Question 10
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What does the `stdio_init_all()` function do in the hello-world program?
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A) It compiles the code into assembly
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B) It initializes standard I/O for USB CDC and UART communication
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C) It creates an infinite loop
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D) It loads the program into flash memory
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> 📖 **Reference:** Week 1, Part 3.5 – "Initializing Standard I/O"
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**Correct Answer: B**
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---
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## Answer Key
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1. B - A microcontroller is a tiny computer with processor, memory, and storage on a single chip
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2. C - Register r14 is the Link Register (LR)
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3. B - The SP decreases because the stack grows downward in memory
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4. B - XIP allows the processor to run code directly from flash memory
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5. C - Program code starts at 0x10000000 in flash memory
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6. C - The PC points to the next instruction to be executed
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7. C - The `disas` command displays disassembled assembly code
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8. B - ELF files contain symbols that make learning and analysis easier
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9. C - The branch instruction `b.n` creates the infinite loop
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10. B - `stdio_init_all()` initializes standard I/O for USB and UART
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---
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## Scoring Guide
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- **10 correct**: Excellent! You have a strong grasp of Week 1 concepts
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- **8-9 correct**: Very good! Review the topics you missed
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- **6-7 correct**: Good start. Go back and review the key concepts
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- **5 or fewer**: Review the Week 1 material again and try the practice exercises
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---
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## Topics Covered
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This quiz tests your understanding of:
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- Microcontroller basics and the RP2350
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- ARM Cortex-M33 registers (general purpose and special registers)
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- Stack behavior and memory layout
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- XIP and memory addresses
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- GDB debugging commands
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- Assembly instructions and program flow
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- Static analysis with Ghidra and ELF files
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- The hello-world program structure
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