chore: version bump

chore: rand bump
refactor: don't block ui on clade check
2026-05-04 01:25:12 +02:00 · 2026-05-04 02:01:36 +04:00 · 2026-05-04 02:00:41 +04:00 · 2026-05-04 01:57:42 +04:00 · 2026-05-04 01:57:05 +04:00 · 2026-05-02 20:00:05 +04:00
106 changed files with 8528 additions and 5380 deletions
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2

      - name: Set up pnpm package manager
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Dependabot metadata
        id: metadata
-        uses: dependabot/fetch-metadata@ffa630c65fa7e0ecfa0625b5ceda64399aea1b36 #v3.0.0
+        uses: dependabot/fetch-metadata@25dd0e34f4fe68f24cc83900b1fe3fe149efef98 #v3.1.0
        with:
          github-token: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
      - name: Enable auto-merge for minor and patch updates
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2

      - name: Run opencode
-        uses: anomalyco/opencode/github@a35b8a95c27d28e979a3826e1289d7ee87f40251 #v1.4.11
+        uses: anomalyco/opencode/github@557734bd130a68188454bc691e153f9f3731830e #v1.14.31
        env:
          ZHIPU_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.ZHIPU_API_KEY }}
          TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2

      - name: Set up pnpm package manager
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2

      - name: Set up pnpm package manager
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2

      - name: Setup pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2

      - name: Setup pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ jobs:
      - name: Checkout Actions Repository
        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd #v6.0.2
      - name: Spell Check Repo
-        uses: crate-ci/typos@cf5f1c29a8ac336af8568821ec41919923b05a83 #v1.45.1
+        uses: crate-ci/typos@bbaefadf97b0ec5fdc942684b647f1a6ab250274 #v1.46.0
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v6.0.2

      - name: Install pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
          done

      - name: Install pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@078e9d416474b29c0c387560859308974f7e9c53 #v6.0.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@26f6d4f2c533a43e6b5da0b4a5dd983f98f7b49a #v6.0.4
        with:
          run_install: false

@@ -191,7 +191,6 @@
    "osascript",
    "oscpu",
    "outpath",
-    "OVPN",
    "pango",
    "passout",
    "patchelf",
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ donutbrowser/
 │   │   ├── api_server.rs            # REST API (utoipa + axum)
 │   │   ├── mcp_server.rs            # MCP protocol server
 │   │   ├── sync/                    # Cloud sync (engine, encryption, manifest, scheduler)
-│   │   ├── vpn/                     # WireGuard & OpenVPN tunnels
+│   │   ├── vpn/                     # WireGuard tunnels
 │   │   ├── camoufox/                # Camoufox fingerprint engine (Bayesian network)
 │   │   ├── wayfern_manager.rs       # Wayfern (Chromium) browser management
 │   │   ├── camoufox_manager.rs      # Camoufox (Firefox) browser management
@@ -60,6 +60,16 @@ donutbrowser/
 - Don't duplicate code unless there's a very good reason; keep the same logic in one place
 - Anytime you make changes that affect copy or add new text, it has to be reflected in all translation files

+## Translations (mandatory)
+
+- Never write user-facing strings as raw English literals in JSX, toast messages, dialog titles/descriptions, button labels, placeholders, table headers, tooltips, or empty-state text. Always go through `t("namespace.key")` from `useTranslation()`.
+- This applies to every component under `src/` — including new ones. If a component doesn't already import `useTranslation`, add it.
+- Adding a new string means adding the key to ALL seven locale files in `src/i18n/locales/` (en, es, fr, ja, pt, ru, zh) — not just `en.json`. The English version alone is incomplete work.
+- Reuse existing keys (`common.buttons.*`, `common.labels.*`, `createProfile.*`, etc.) before creating new namespaces. Check `en.json` first.
+- Strings excluded from this rule: `console.log/warn/error`, dev-only debug labels, internal IDs, CSS class names, type names. If unsure whether a string renders to the user, assume it does and translate it.
+- **Never use `t(key, "fallback")` with a default-value second argument.** The 2-arg form is forbidden — every key must exist in every locale file before the call site lands. Fallbacks mask missing translations: a key missing from `ru.json` will silently render the English fallback to Russian users, so the bug never surfaces in CI or review. Only call `t("namespace.key")`. If a translation is missing for any locale, that's a bug to fix at the JSON, not a hole to paper over at the call site.
+- Empty-string values in non-English locales are also forbidden — a locale either has the right translation or it has the same content as English; never `""`. If a particular language doesn't need a particular phrase (e.g. a suffix that doesn't grammatically apply), refactor the JSX to use a single interpolated key (`t("foo.bar", { name })` with `"...{{name}}..."` in each locale) instead of splitting prefix/suffix.
+
 ## Singletons

 - If there is a global singleton of a struct, only use it inside a method while properly initializing it, unless explicitly specified otherwise
@@ -1,6 +1,94 @@
 # Changelog


+## v0.22.5 (2026-04-29)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- declare libxdo as runtime dependency
+
+### Maintenance
+
+- chore: version bump
+- chore: copy
+- chore: update flake.nix for v0.22.4 [skip ci] (#324)
+
+
+## v0.22.4 (2026-04-28)
+
+### Maintenance
+
+- chore: version bump
+- chore: i18n
+- chore: update flake.nix for v0.22.3 [skip ci] (#321)
+
+
+## v0.22.3 (2026-04-27)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- correct browser port mapping
+
+### Maintenance
+
+- chore: version bump
+- chore: update flake.nix for v0.22.2 [skip ci] (#315)
+
+
+## v0.22.2 (2026-04-27)
+
+### Refactoring
+
+- cookie management
+
+### Maintenance
+
+- chore: version bump
+- chore: update flake.nix for v0.22.1 [skip ci] (#313)
+
+
+## v0.22.1 (2026-04-27)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- link proper wayfern tos
+
+### Refactoring
+
+- vpn refresh and remove openvpn support
+
+### Documentation
+
+- update CHANGELOG.md and README.md for v0.22.0 [skip ci] (#306)
+
+### Maintenance
+
+- chore: version bump
+- chore: linting
+- chore: audit
+- chore: update flake.nix for v0.22.0 [skip ci] (#307)
+
+### Other
+
+- deps(rust)(deps): bump the rust-dependencies group across 1 directory with 34 updates (#305)
+
+
+## v0.22.0 (2026-04-25)
+
+### Refactoring
+
+- auth and wayfern
+- cdp gates cleanup
+
+### Maintenance
+
+- chore: tests
+- chore:cargo audit
+- chore: version bump
+- chore: ignore .claude
+- chore: update flake.nix for v0.21.2 [skip ci] (#298)
+
+
 ## v0.21.2 (2026-04-21)

 ### Bug Fixes
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 - **Unlimited browser profiles** — each fully isolated with its own fingerprint, cookies, extensions, and data
 - **Chromium & Firefox engines** — Chromium powered by [Wayfern](https://wayfern.com), Firefox powered by [Camoufox](https://camoufox.com), both with advanced fingerprint spoofing
 - **Proxy support** — HTTP, HTTPS, SOCKS4, SOCKS5 per profile, with dynamic proxy URLs
- **VPN support** — WireGuard and OpenVPN configs per profile
+- **VPN support** — WireGuard configs per profile
 - **Local API & MCP** — REST API and [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io) server for integration with Claude, automation tools, and custom workflows
 - **Profile groups** — organize profiles and apply bulk settings
 - **Import profiles** — migrate from Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Brave, or other Chromium browsers
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@

 | | Apple Silicon | Intel |
 |---|---|---|
-| **DMG** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_aarch64.dmg) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_x64.dmg) |
+| **DMG** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_aarch64.dmg) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_x64.dmg) |

 Or install via Homebrew:

@@ -61,15 +61,15 @@ brew install --cask donut

 ### Windows

-[Download Windows Installer (x64)](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_x64-setup.exe) · [Portable (x64)](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_x64-portable.zip)
+[Download Windows Installer (x64)](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_x64-setup.exe) · [Portable (x64)](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_x64-portable.zip)

 ### Linux

 | Format | x86_64 | ARM64 |
 |---|---|---|
-| **deb** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_amd64.deb) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_arm64.deb) |
-| **rpm** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut-0.21.2-1.x86_64.rpm) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut-0.21.2-1.aarch64.rpm) |
-| **AppImage** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_amd64.AppImage) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_aarch64.AppImage) |
+| **deb** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_amd64.deb) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_arm64.deb) |
+| **rpm** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut-0.22.5-1.x86_64.rpm) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut-0.22.5-1.aarch64.rpm) |
+| **AppImage** | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_amd64.AppImage) | [Download](https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_aarch64.AppImage) |
 <!-- install-links-end -->

 Or install via package manager:
@@ -160,6 +160,13 @@ See [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md).
                    <br />
                    <sub><b>Jory Severijnse</b></sub>
                </a>
+            </td>
+            <td align="center">
+                <a href="https://github.com/ThiagoMafra-Integrare">
+                    <img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/222241596?v=4" width="100;" alt="ThiagoMafra-Integrare"/>
+                    <br />
+                    <sub><b>Thiago Mafra</b></sub>
+                </a>
            </td>
 		</tr>
 	<tbody>
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ extend-exclude = [
    "src-tauri/src/camoufox/data/*.xml",
    "src/i18n/locales/*.json",
    "src-tauri/build.rs",
-    "src-tauri/tests/fixtures/test.ovpn",
 ]

 [default.extend-words]
@@ -94,17 +94,17 @@
        pkgConfigPath = lib.makeSearchPath "lib/pkgconfig" (
          pkgConfigLibs ++ map lib.getDev pkgConfigLibs
        );
-        releaseVersion = "0.21.2";
+        releaseVersion = "0.22.5";
        releaseAppImage =
          if system == "x86_64-linux" then
            pkgs.fetchurl {
-              url = "https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_amd64.AppImage";
-              hash = "sha256-wHaH4CVKp7OkBQfohqA8+hU7jdYpvYj1DaqD1ow5yCg=";
+              url = "https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_amd64.AppImage";
+              hash = "sha256-709vcQ3SsFxsZEmDkuamlbHVsbFhGBAb3x59YvTehl4=";
            }
          else if system == "aarch64-linux" then
            pkgs.fetchurl {
-              url = "https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.21.2/Donut_0.21.2_aarch64.AppImage";
-              hash = "sha256-OX3NyTKBYxoH4j+rmfhlNHmiTaQbrKCiFxtqODF/NKM=";
+              url = "https://github.com/zhom/donutbrowser/releases/download/v0.22.5/Donut_0.22.5_aarch64.AppImage";
+              hash = "sha256-T7ZrRvo7gM5mnzmXfLQXVMekf28jVOgFlfAAi89huMY=";
            }
          else
            null;
@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@
  "name": "donutbrowser",
  "private": true,
  "license": "AGPL-3.0",
-  "version": "0.22.0",
+  "version": "0.22.6",
  "type": "module",
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "next dev --turbopack -p 12341",
    "build": "next build",
    "start": "next start",
-    "test": "pnpm test:rust:unit && pnpm test:openvpn-e2e && pnpm test:sync-e2e",
-    "test:openvpn-e2e": "node scripts/openvpn-test-harness.mjs",
+    "test": "pnpm test:rust:unit && pnpm test:sync-e2e",
    "test:rust": "cd src-tauri && cargo test",
    "test:rust:unit": "cd src-tauri && cargo test --lib && cargo test --test donut_proxy_integration && cargo test --test vpn_integration",
    "test:sync-e2e": "node scripts/sync-test-harness.mjs",
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@
    "@radix-ui/react-tabs": "^1.1.13",
    "@radix-ui/react-tooltip": "^1.2.8",
    "@tanstack/react-table": "^8.21.3",
-    "@tauri-apps/api": "~2.10.1",
+    "@tauri-apps/api": "~2.11.0",
    "@tauri-apps/plugin-deep-link": "^2.4.7",
    "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog": "^2.7.0",
    "@tauri-apps/plugin-fs": "~2.5.0",
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@
  "devDependencies": {
    "@biomejs/biome": "2.4.10",
    "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4.2.2",
-    "@tauri-apps/cli": "~2.10.1",
+    "@tauri-apps/cli": "~2.11.0",
    "@types/color": "^4.2.1",
    "@types/node": "^25.5.2",
    "@types/react": "^19.2.14",
@@ -92,10 +91,12 @@
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "picomatch@>=4.0.0 <4.0.4": ">=4.0.4",
-      "path-to-regexp@>=8.0.0 <8.4.0": ">=8.4.0"
+      "path-to-regexp@>=8.0.0 <8.4.0": ">=8.4.0",
+      "postcss@<8.5.10": ">=8.5.12",
+      "fast-xml-parser@<5.7.0": ">=5.7.2"
    }
  },
-  "packageManager": "pnpm@10.33.0",
+  "packageManager": "pnpm@10.33.2",
  "lint-staged": {
    "**/*.{js,jsx,ts,tsx,json,css}": [
      "biome check --fix"
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ settings:
 overrides:
  picomatch@>=4.0.0 <4.0.4: '>=4.0.4'
  path-to-regexp@>=8.0.0 <8.4.0: '>=8.4.0'
+  postcss@<8.5.10: '>=8.5.12'
+  fast-xml-parser@<5.7.0: '>=5.7.2'

 importers:

@@ -52,8 +54,8 @@ importers:
        specifier: ^8.21.3
        version: 8.21.3(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)
      '@tauri-apps/api':
-        specifier: ~2.10.1
-        version: 2.10.1
+        specifier: ~2.11.0
+        version: 2.11.0
      '@tauri-apps/plugin-deep-link':
        specifier: ^2.4.7
        version: 2.4.7
@@ -137,8 +139,8 @@ importers:
        specifier: ^4.2.2
        version: 4.2.2
      '@tauri-apps/cli':
-        specifier: ~2.10.1
-        version: 2.10.1
+        specifier: ~2.11.0
+        version: 2.11.0
      '@types/color':
        specifier: ^4.2.1
        version: 4.2.1
@@ -1425,6 +1427,9 @@ packages:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-jCs9ldd7NwzpgXDIf6P3+NrHh9/sD6CQdxHyjQI+h/6rDNo88ypBxxz45UDuZHz9r3tNz7N/VInSVoVdtXEI4A==}
    engines: {node: ^14.21.3 || >=16}

+  '@nodable/entities@2.1.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-nyT7T3nbMyBI/lvr6L5TyWbFJAI9FTgVRakNoBqCD+PmID8DzFrrNdLLtHMwMszOtqZa8PAOV24ZqDnQrhQINA==}
+
  '@nuxt/opencollective@0.4.1':
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-GXD3wy50qYbxCJ652bDrDzgMr3NFEkIS374+IgFQKkCvk9yiYcLvX2XDYr7UyQxf4wK0e+yqDYRubZ0DtOxnmQ==}
    engines: {node: ^14.18.0 || >=16.10.0, npm: '>=5.10.0'}
@@ -2673,82 +2678,82 @@ packages:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ldZXEhOBb8Is7xLs01fR3YEc3DERiz5silj8tnGkFZytt1abEvl/GhUmCE0PMLaMPTa3Jk4HbKmRlHmu+gCftg==}
    engines: {node: '>=12'}

-  '@tauri-apps/api@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-hKL/jWf293UDSUN09rR69hrToyIXBb8CjGaWC7gfinvnQrBVvnLr08FeFi38gxtugAVyVcTa5/FD/Xnkb1siBw==}
+  '@tauri-apps/api@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-7CinYODhky9lmO23xHnUFv0Xt43fbtWMyxZcLcRBlFkcgXKuEirBvHpmtJ89YMhyeGcq20Wuc47Fa4XjyniywA==}

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Z2OjCXiZ+fbYZy7PmP3WRnOpM9+Fy+oonKDEmUE6MwN4IGaYqgceTjwHucc/kEEYZos5GICve35f7ZiizgqEnQ==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-UfMeDNlgIP252rm/KSTuu8yHatPua5TjtUEUf+jyIzVwBNcIl7Ywkdpfj+e5jVVg3EfCTp+4gwuL1dNpgF8clg==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [arm64]
    os: [darwin]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-V/irQVvjPMGOTQqNj55PnQPVuH4VJP8vZCN7ajnj+ZS8Kom1tEM2hR3qbbIRoS3dBKs5mbG8yg1WC+97dq17Pw==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-lY1+aPlgyMN7vgjtCdQ3+WODfZkebAcxnrCrO0HjqDpKSXieDkrJbimqeaoM4RwhTSrCLRHfVYiYrfE5E131tg==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [x64]
    os: [darwin]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Hyzwsb4VnCWKGfTw+wSt15Z2pLw2f0JdFBfq2vHBOBhvg7oi6uhKiF87hmbXOBXUZaGkyRDkCHsdzJcIfoJC2w==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-5uCP0AusgN3NrKC8EpkuJwjek1k8pEffBdugJSpXPey/QGbPEb8vZ542n/giJ2mZPjMSllDkdhG2QIDpBY4PpQ==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [arm]
    os: [linux]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-OyOYs2t5GkBIvyWjA1+h4CZxTcdz1OZPCWAPz5DYEfB0cnWHERTnQ/SLayQzncrT0kwRoSfSz9KxenkyJoTelA==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-loDPqtRHMSbIcrH2VBd4GgHoQlF7jJnrZj7MxA2lj1cixS/jEgMAPFqj83U6Wvjete4HfYplbE/gCpSFifA9jw==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [arm64]
    os: [linux]
    libc: [glibc]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-MIj78PDDGjkg3NqGptDOGgfXks7SYJwhiMh8SBoZS+vfdz7yP5jN18bNaLnDhsVIPARcAhE1TlsZe/8Yxo2zqg==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-DtSE8ZBlB9H+L+eHkfZ3myt00EVEyAB3e41juEHoE2qT88fgVlJvyrwa9SZYc/xTwCS9TnmK+R84tpg+ZsAg7Q==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [arm64]
    os: [linux]
    libc: [musl]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-X0lvOVUg8PCVaoEtEAnpxmnkwlE1gcMDTqfhbefICKDnOTJ5Est3qL0SrWxizDackIOKBcvtpejrSiVpuJI1kw==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-5QdgS4LD+kntClI1aj2JmwjW38LosNXxwCe8viIHEwqYIWuMPdNEIau6/cLogI38Yzx9DnfCPRfEWLyI+5li8Q==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [riscv64]
    os: [linux]
    libc: [glibc]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-2/12bEzsJS9fAKybxgicCDFxYD1WEI9kO+tlDwX5znWG2GwMBaiWcmhGlZ8fi+DMe9CXlcVarMTYc0L3REIRxw==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-5UynPXo3Zq9khjVdAbD+YogeLltdVUeOah2ioSIM3tu6H7wY9vMy6rgGJhv9r5R8ZXmk9GttMippdqYJWrnLnA==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [x64]
    os: [linux]
    libc: [glibc]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Y8J0ZzswPz50UcGOFuXGEMrxbjwKSPgXftx5qnkuMs2rmwQB5ssvLb6tn54wDSYxe7S6vlLob9vt0VKuNOaCIQ==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-CNz7fHbApz1Zyhhq73jtGn9JqgNEV/lIWnTnUo6h6ujw+mHsTmkLszvJSM8W6JBaDjNpTTFr/RSNoVL5FMwcTg==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [x64]
    os: [linux]
    libc: [musl]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-iSt5B86jHYAPJa/IlYw++SXtFPGnWtFJriHn7X0NFBVunF6zu9+/zOn8OgqIWSl8RgzhLGXQEEtGBdR4wzpVgg==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-K+br+VXZ+Xx0n/9FdWohpW5Ugq+2FQUpJScqcPl1hTxXfh3fgjYgt4qA2NgrjlJo+zZPNrmUMl+NLvm0ufEqBQ==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [arm64]
    os: [win32]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-gXyxgEzsFegmnWywYU5pEBURkcFN/Oo45EAwvZrHMh+zUSEAvO5E8TXsgPADYm31d1u7OQU3O3HsYfVBf2moHw==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-OFV+s3MLZnd75zl0ZAFU5riMpGK4waUEA8ZDuijDsnkU0btz/gHhqh5jVlOn8thyvgdtT3Xyoxqo099MMifH3g==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [ia32]
    os: [win32]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-6Cn7YpPFwzChy0ERz6djKEmUehWrYlM+xTaNzGPgZocw3BD7OfwfWHKVWxXzdjEW2KfKkHddfdxK1XXTYqBRLg==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-AeDTWBd2cOZ6TX133BWsoo+LutG9o0JRcgjMsIfLE13ZugpgCMv/2dJbUiBGeRvbPOGin5A3aYmsArPVV6ZSHQ==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    cpu: [x64]
    os: [win32]

-  '@tauri-apps/cli@2.10.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-jQNGF/5quwORdZSSLtTluyKQ+o6SMa/AUICfhf4egCGFdMHqWssApVgYSbg+jmrZoc8e1DscNvjTnXtlHLS11g==}
+  '@tauri-apps/cli@2.11.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-W5Wbuqsb2pHFPTj4TaRNKTj5rwXhDShPiLSY9T18y4ouSR/NNCptAEFxFsBtyNRgL6Vs1a/q9LzfqqYzEwC+Jw==}
    engines: {node: '>= 10'}
    hasBin: true

@@ -3782,11 +3787,11 @@ packages:
  fast-uri@3.1.0:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-iPeeDKJSWf4IEOasVVrknXpaBV0IApz/gp7S2bb7Z4Lljbl2MGJRqInZiUrQwV16cpzw/D3S5j5Julj/gT52AA==}

-  fast-xml-builder@1.1.4:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-f2jhpN4Eccy0/Uz9csxh3Nu6q4ErKxf0XIsasomfOihuSUa3/xw6w8dnOtCDgEItQFJG8KyXPzQXzcODDrrbOg==}
+  fast-xml-builder@1.1.5:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-4TJn/8FKLeslLAH3dnohXqE3QSoxkhvaMzepOIZytwJXZO69Bfz0HBdDHzOTOon6G59Zrk6VQ2bEiv1t61rfkA==}

-  fast-xml-parser@5.5.8:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Z7Fh2nVQSb2d+poDViM063ix2ZGt9jmY1nWhPfHBOK2Hgnb/OW3P4Et3P/81SEej0J7QbWtJqxO05h8QYfK7LQ==}
+  fast-xml-parser@5.7.2:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-P7oW7tLbYnhOLQk/Gv7cZgzgMPP/XN03K02/Jy6Y/NHzyIAIpxuZIM/YqAkfiXFPxA2CTm7NtCijK9EDu09u2w==}
    hasBin: true

  fb-watchman@2.0.2:
@@ -4690,8 +4695,8 @@ packages:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ak9Qy5Q7jYb2Wwcey5Fpvg2KoAc/ZIhLSLOSBmRmygPsGwkVVt0fZa0qrtMz+m6tJTAHfZQ8FnmB4MG4LWy7/w==}
    engines: {node: '>=8'}

-  path-expression-matcher@1.2.1:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-d7gQQmLvAKXKXE2GeP9apIGbMYKz88zWdsn/BN2HRWVQsDFdUY36WSLTY0Jvd4HWi7Fb30gQ62oAOzdgJA6fZw==}
+  path-expression-matcher@1.5.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-cbrerZV+6rvdQrrD+iGMcZFEiiSrbv9Tfdkvnusy6y0x0GKBXREFg/Y65GhIfm0tnLntThhzCnfKwp1WRjeCyQ==}
    engines: {node: '>=14.0.0'}

  path-is-absolute@1.0.1:
@@ -4740,16 +4745,8 @@ packages:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Nc3IT5yHzflTfbjgqWcCPpo7DaKy4FnpB0l/zCAW0Tc7jxAiuqSxHasntB3D7887LSrA93kDJ9IXovxJYxyLCA==}
    engines: {node: '>=4'}

-  postcss@8.4.31:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-PS08Iboia9mts/2ygV3eLpY5ghnUcfLV/EXTOW1E2qYxJKGGBUtNjN76FYHnMs36RmARn41bC0AZmn+rR0OVpQ==}
-    engines: {node: ^10 || ^12 || >=14}
-
-  postcss@8.5.8:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-OW/rX8O/jXnm82Ey1k44pObPtdblfiuWnrd8X7GJ7emImCOstunGbXUpp7HdBrFQX6rJzn3sPT397Wp5aCwCHg==}
-    engines: {node: ^10 || ^12 || >=14}
-
-  postcss@8.5.9:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-7a70Nsot+EMX9fFU3064K/kdHWZqGVY+BADLyXc8Dfv+mTLLVl6JzJpPaCZ2kQL9gIJvKXSLMHhqdRRjwQeFtw==}
+  postcss@8.5.12:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-W62t/Se6rA0Az3DfCL0AqJwXuKwBeYg6nOaIgzP+xZ7N5BFCI7DYi1qs6ygUYT6rvfi6t9k65UMLJC+PHZpDAA==}
    engines: {node: ^10 || ^12 || >=14}

  pretty-format@30.3.0:
@@ -5131,8 +5128,8 @@ packages:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-6fPc+R4ihwqP6N/aIv2f1gMH8lOVtWQHoqC4yK6oSDVVocumAsfCqjkXnqiYMhmMwS/mEHLp7Vehlt3ql6lEig==}
    engines: {node: '>=8'}

-  strnum@2.2.2:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-DnR90I+jtXNSTXWdwrEy9FakW7UX+qUZg28gj5fk2vxxl7uS/3bpI4fjFYVmdK9etptYBPNkpahuQnEwhwECqA==}
+  strnum@2.2.3:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-oKx6RUCuHfT3oyVjtnrmn19H1SiCqgJSg+54XqURKp5aCMbrXrhLjRN9TjuwMjiYstZ0MzDrHqkGZ5dFTKd+zg==}

  strtok3@10.3.5:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ki4hZQfh5rX0QDLLkOCj+h+CVNkqmp/CMf8v8kZpkNVK6jGQooMytqzLZYUVYIZcFZ6yDB70EfD8POcFXiF5oA==}
@@ -6075,7 +6072,7 @@ snapshots:
  '@aws-sdk/xml-builder@3.972.16':
    dependencies:
      '@smithy/types': 4.13.1
-      fast-xml-parser: 5.5.8
+      fast-xml-parser: 5.7.2
      tslib: 2.8.1

  '@aws/lambda-invoke-store@0.2.4': {}
@@ -7027,6 +7024,8 @@ snapshots:

  '@noble/hashes@1.8.0': {}

+  '@nodable/entities@2.1.0': {}
+
  '@nuxt/opencollective@0.4.1':
    dependencies:
      consola: 3.4.2
@@ -8333,7 +8332,7 @@ snapshots:
      '@alloc/quick-lru': 5.2.0
      '@tailwindcss/node': 4.2.2
      '@tailwindcss/oxide': 4.2.2
-      postcss: 8.5.8
+      postcss: 8.5.12
      tailwindcss: 4.2.2

  '@tanstack/react-table@8.21.3(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)':
@@ -8344,74 +8343,74 @@ snapshots:

  '@tanstack/table-core@8.21.3': {}

-  '@tauri-apps/api@2.10.1': {}
+  '@tauri-apps/api@2.11.0': {}

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc@2.11.0':
    optional: true

-  '@tauri-apps/cli@2.10.1':
+  '@tauri-apps/cli@2.11.0':
    optionalDependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc': 2.10.1
-      '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-arm64': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-darwin-x64': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm-gnueabihf': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-gnu': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-arm64-musl': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-riscv64-gnu': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-gnu': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-linux-x64-musl': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-arm64-msvc': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-ia32-msvc': 2.11.0
+      '@tauri-apps/cli-win32-x64-msvc': 2.11.0

  '@tauri-apps/plugin-deep-link@2.4.7':
    dependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.11.0

  '@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog@2.7.0':
    dependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.11.0

  '@tauri-apps/plugin-fs@2.5.0':
    dependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.11.0

  '@tauri-apps/plugin-log@2.8.0':
    dependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.11.0

  '@tauri-apps/plugin-opener@2.5.3':
    dependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.11.0

  '@tokenizer/inflate@0.4.1':
    dependencies:
@@ -9425,15 +9424,16 @@ snapshots:

  fast-uri@3.1.0: {}

-  fast-xml-builder@1.1.4:
+  fast-xml-builder@1.1.5:
    dependencies:
-      path-expression-matcher: 1.2.1
+      path-expression-matcher: 1.5.0

-  fast-xml-parser@5.5.8:
+  fast-xml-parser@5.7.2:
    dependencies:
-      fast-xml-builder: 1.1.4
-      path-expression-matcher: 1.2.1
-      strnum: 2.2.2
+      '@nodable/entities': 2.1.0
+      fast-xml-builder: 1.1.5
+      path-expression-matcher: 1.5.0
+      strnum: 2.2.3

  fb-watchman@2.0.2:
    dependencies:
@@ -10360,7 +10360,7 @@ snapshots:
      '@swc/helpers': 0.5.15
      baseline-browser-mapping: 2.10.17
      caniuse-lite: 1.0.30001787
-      postcss: 8.4.31
+      postcss: 8.5.12
      react: 19.2.4
      react-dom: 19.2.4(react@19.2.4)
      styled-jsx: 5.1.6(react@19.2.4)
@@ -10457,7 +10457,7 @@ snapshots:

  path-exists@4.0.0: {}

-  path-expression-matcher@1.2.1: {}
+  path-expression-matcher@1.5.0: {}

  path-is-absolute@1.0.1: {}

@@ -10491,19 +10491,7 @@ snapshots:

  pluralize@8.0.0: {}

-  postcss@8.4.31:
-    dependencies:
-      nanoid: 3.3.11
-      picocolors: 1.1.1
-      source-map-js: 1.2.1
-
-  postcss@8.5.8:
-    dependencies:
-      nanoid: 3.3.11
-      picocolors: 1.1.1
-      source-map-js: 1.2.1
-
-  postcss@8.5.9:
+  postcss@8.5.12:
    dependencies:
      nanoid: 3.3.11
      picocolors: 1.1.1
@@ -10992,7 +10980,7 @@ snapshots:

  strip-json-comments@3.1.1: {}

-  strnum@2.2.2: {}
+  strnum@2.2.3: {}

  strtok3@10.3.5:
    dependencies:
@@ -11049,7 +11037,7 @@ snapshots:

  tauri-plugin-macos-permissions-api@2.3.0:
    dependencies:
-      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.11.0

  terser-webpack-plugin@5.4.0(webpack@5.105.4):
    dependencies:
@@ -11298,7 +11286,7 @@ snapshots:
      esbuild: 0.25.12
      fdir: 6.5.0(picomatch@4.0.4)
      picomatch: 4.0.4
-      postcss: 8.5.9
+      postcss: 8.5.12
      rollup: 4.60.1
      tinyglobby: 0.2.16
    optionalDependencies:
@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env node
-/**
- * OpenVPN E2E Test Harness
- *
- * This script:
- * 1. Skips unless explicitly enabled via DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E=1
- * 2. Builds the Rust vpn_integration test binary without running it
- * 3. Runs the OpenVPN e2e test binary under sudo
- *
- * Usage: DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E=1 node scripts/openvpn-test-harness.mjs
- */
-
-import { spawn } from "child_process";
-import path from "path";
-import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
-
-const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
-const ROOT_DIR = path.resolve(__dirname, "..");
-const SRC_TAURI_DIR = path.join(ROOT_DIR, "src-tauri");
-const TEST_NAME = "test_openvpn_traffic_flows_through_donut_proxy";
-
-function log(message) {
-  console.log(`[openvpn-harness] ${message}`);
-}
-
-function error(message) {
-  console.error(`[openvpn-harness] ERROR: ${message}`);
-}
-
-function shouldRun() {
-  if (process.env.DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E !== "1") {
-    log("Skipping OpenVPN e2e test because DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E is not set");
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (process.platform !== "linux") {
-    log(`Skipping OpenVPN e2e test on unsupported platform: ${process.platform}`);
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-async function buildTestBinary() {
-  log("Building OpenVPN e2e test binary...");
-
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    let executablePath = "";
-    let stdoutBuffer = "";
-
-    const proc = spawn(
-      "cargo",
-      [
-        "test",
-        "--test",
-        "vpn_integration",
-        TEST_NAME,
-        "--no-run",
-        "--message-format=json",
-      ],
-      {
-        cwd: SRC_TAURI_DIR,
-        env: process.env,
-        stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"],
-      }
-    );
-
-    const parseBuffer = (flush = false) => {
-      const lines = stdoutBuffer.split("\n");
-      const completeLines = flush ? lines : lines.slice(0, -1);
-      stdoutBuffer = flush ? "" : lines.at(-1) ?? "";
-
-      for (const line of completeLines.filter(Boolean)) {
-        try {
-          const message = JSON.parse(line);
-          if (message.reason === "compiler-artifact" && message.executable) {
-            executablePath = message.executable;
-          }
-        } catch {
-          // Ignore non-JSON lines.
-        }
-      }
-    };
-
-    proc.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
-      stdoutBuffer += data.toString();
-      parseBuffer();
-    });
-
-    proc.stderr.on("data", (data) => {
-      process.stderr.write(data);
-    });
-
-    proc.on("error", (err) => {
-      reject(err);
-    });
-
-    proc.on("close", (code) => {
-      parseBuffer(true);
-
-      if (code !== 0) {
-        reject(new Error(`cargo test --no-run exited with code ${code}`));
-        return;
-      }
-
-      if (!executablePath) {
-        reject(new Error("Could not determine the vpn_integration test binary path"));
-        return;
-      }
-
-      resolve(path.isAbsolute(executablePath) ? executablePath : path.resolve(SRC_TAURI_DIR, executablePath));
-    });
-  });
-}
-
-async function runOpenVpnE2e(executablePath) {
-  log("Running OpenVPN e2e test under sudo...");
-
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    const proc = spawn(
-      "sudo",
-      [
-        "--preserve-env=CI,GITHUB_ACTIONS,VPN_TEST_OVPN_HOST,VPN_TEST_OVPN_PORT,DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E",
-        executablePath,
-        TEST_NAME,
-        "--exact",
-        "--nocapture",
-      ],
-      {
-        cwd: SRC_TAURI_DIR,
-        env: process.env,
-        stdio: "inherit",
-      }
-    );
-
-    proc.on("error", (err) => {
-      reject(err);
-    });
-
-    proc.on("close", (code) => {
-      resolve(code ?? 1);
-    });
-  });
-}
-
-async function main() {
-  if (!shouldRun()) {
-    process.exit(0);
-  }
-
-  try {
-    const executablePath = await buildTestBinary();
-    const exitCode = await runOpenVpnE2e(executablePath);
-    process.exit(exitCode);
-  } catch (err) {
-    error(err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err));
-    process.exit(1);
-  }
-}
-
-main();
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "donutbrowser"
-version = "0.22.0"
+version = "0.22.6"
 description = "Simple Yet Powerful Anti-Detect Browser"
 authors = ["zhom@github"]
 edition = "2021"
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ once_cell = "1"
 urlencoding = "2.1"
 chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"] }
 chrono-tz = "0.10"
-axum = { version = "0.8.8", features = ["ws"] }
+axum = { version = "0.8.9", features = ["ws"] }
 tower = "0.5"
 tower-http = { version = "0.6", features = ["cors"] }
 rand = "0.10.1"
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ serde_yaml = "0.9"
 thiserror = "2.0"
 regex-lite = "0.1"
 tempfile = "3"
-maxminddb = "0.27"
+maxminddb = "0.28"
 quick-xml = { version = "0.39", features = ["serialize"] }

 # VPN support
@@ -110,8 +110,7 @@ boringtun = "0.7"
 smoltcp = { version = "0.13", default-features = false, features = ["std", "medium-ip", "proto-ipv4", "proto-ipv6", "socket-tcp", "socket-udp"] }

 # Daemon dependencies (tray icon)
-tray-icon = "0.22"
-muda = "0.17"
+tray-icon = "0.23"
 tao = "0.35"
 image = "0.25"
 dirs = "6"
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ pub struct ApiProfile {
  pub tags: Vec<String>,
  pub is_running: bool,
  pub proxy_bypass_rules: Vec<String>,
+  pub vpn_id: Option<String>,
 }

 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ pub struct CreateProfileRequest {
  pub browser: String,
  pub version: String,
  pub proxy_id: Option<String>,
+  pub vpn_id: Option<String>,
  pub launch_hook: Option<String>,
  pub release_type: Option<String>,
  #[schema(value_type = Object)]
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ pub struct UpdateProfileRequest {
  pub browser: Option<String>,
  pub version: Option<String>,
  pub proxy_id: Option<String>,
+  pub vpn_id: Option<String>,
  pub launch_hook: Option<String>,
  pub release_type: Option<String>,
  #[schema(value_type = Object)]
@@ -130,6 +133,49 @@ struct UpdateProxyRequest {
  proxy_settings: Option<ProxySettings>,
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
+struct ApiVpnResponse {
+  id: String,
+  name: String,
+  /// Always "WireGuard"
+  vpn_type: String,
+  created_at: i64,
+  last_used: Option<i64>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, ToSchema)]
+struct ApiVpnExportResponse {
+  id: String,
+  name: String,
+  /// Always "WireGuard"
+  vpn_type: String,
+  /// Raw `.conf` file content (decrypted)
+  config_data: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
+struct ImportVpnRequest {
+  /// Raw WireGuard `.conf` file content
+  content: String,
+  /// Original filename
+  filename: String,
+  /// Optional display name; defaults to filename-based name
+  name: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
+struct CreateVpnRequest {
+  name: String,
+  /// Must be "WireGuard"
+  vpn_type: String,
+  config_data: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
+struct UpdateVpnRequest {
+  name: String,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
 struct DownloadBrowserRequest {
  browser: String,
@@ -191,6 +237,12 @@ struct OpenUrlRequest {
    create_proxy,
    update_proxy,
    delete_proxy,
+    get_vpns,
+    get_vpn,
+    import_vpn,
+    create_vpn,
+    update_vpn,
+    delete_vpn,
    download_browser_api,
    get_browser_versions,
    check_browser_downloaded,
@@ -207,6 +259,10 @@ struct OpenUrlRequest {
    ApiProxyResponse,
    CreateProxyRequest,
    UpdateProxyRequest,
+    ApiVpnResponse,
+    ImportVpnRequest,
+    CreateVpnRequest,
+    UpdateVpnRequest,
    DownloadBrowserRequest,
    DownloadBrowserResponse,
    RunProfileResponse,
@@ -219,6 +275,7 @@ struct OpenUrlRequest {
    (name = "groups", description = "Group management endpoints"),
    (name = "tags", description = "Tag management endpoints"),
    (name = "proxies", description = "Proxy management endpoints"),
+    (name = "vpns", description = "VPN management endpoints"),
    (name = "browsers", description = "Browser management endpoints"),
  ),
  modifiers(&SecurityAddon),
@@ -311,6 +368,10 @@ impl ApiServer {
      .routes(routes!(get_tags))
      .routes(routes!(get_proxies, create_proxy))
      .routes(routes!(get_proxy, update_proxy, delete_proxy))
+      .routes(routes!(get_vpns, create_vpn))
+      .routes(routes!(import_vpn))
+      .routes(routes!(export_vpn))
+      .routes(routes!(get_vpn, update_vpn, delete_vpn))
      .routes(routes!(get_extensions))
      .routes(routes!(delete_extension_api))
      .routes(routes!(get_extension_groups))
@@ -495,6 +556,7 @@ async fn get_profiles() -> Result<Json<ApiProfilesResponse>, StatusCode> {
          tags: profile.tags.clone(),
          is_running: profile.process_id.is_some(), // Simple check based on process_id
          proxy_bypass_rules: profile.proxy_bypass_rules.clone(),
+          vpn_id: profile.vpn_id.clone(),
        })
        .collect();

@@ -551,6 +613,7 @@ async fn get_profile(
            tags: profile.tags.clone(),
            is_running: profile.process_id.is_some(), // Simple check based on process_id
            proxy_bypass_rules: profile.proxy_bypass_rules.clone(),
+            vpn_id: profile.vpn_id.clone(),
          },
        }))
      } else {
@@ -605,7 +668,7 @@ async fn create_profile(
      &request.version,
      request.release_type.as_deref().unwrap_or("stable"),
      request.proxy_id.clone(),
-      None, // vpn_id
+      request.vpn_id.clone(),
      camoufox_config,
      wayfern_config,
      request.group_id.clone(),
@@ -653,6 +716,7 @@ async fn create_profile(
          tags: profile.tags,
          is_running: false,
          proxy_bypass_rules: profile.proxy_bypass_rules,
+          vpn_id: profile.vpn_id,
        },
      }))
    }
@@ -686,6 +750,12 @@ async fn update_profile(
 ) -> Result<Json<ApiProfileResponse>, StatusCode> {
  let profile_manager = ProfileManager::instance();

+  if request.proxy_id.as_deref().is_some_and(|s| !s.is_empty())
+    && request.vpn_id.as_deref().is_some_and(|s| !s.is_empty())
+  {
+    return Err(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
+  }
+
  // Update profile fields
  if let Some(new_name) = request.name {
    if profile_manager
@@ -715,6 +785,21 @@ async fn update_profile(
    }
  }

+  if let Some(vpn_id) = request.vpn_id {
+    let normalized = if vpn_id.is_empty() {
+      None
+    } else {
+      Some(vpn_id)
+    };
+    if profile_manager
+      .update_profile_vpn(state.app_handle.clone(), &id, normalized)
+      .await
+      .is_err()
+    {
+      return Err(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
+    }
+  }
+
  if let Some(launch_hook) = request.launch_hook {
    let normalized = if launch_hook.trim().is_empty() {
      None
@@ -1189,6 +1274,243 @@ async fn delete_proxy(
  }
 }

+// API Handlers - VPNs
+
+fn vpn_to_api_response(c: &crate::vpn::VpnConfig) -> ApiVpnResponse {
+  ApiVpnResponse {
+    id: c.id.clone(),
+    name: c.name.clone(),
+    vpn_type: c.vpn_type.to_string(),
+    created_at: c.created_at,
+    last_used: c.last_used,
+  }
+}
+
+fn parse_vpn_type(s: &str) -> Option<crate::vpn::VpnType> {
+  match s.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
+    "wireguard" | "wg" => Some(crate::vpn::VpnType::WireGuard),
+    _ => None,
+  }
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  get,
+  path = "/v1/vpns",
+  responses(
+    (status = 200, description = "List of all VPN configurations", body = Vec<ApiVpnResponse>),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn get_vpns(
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+) -> Result<Json<Vec<ApiVpnResponse>>, StatusCode> {
+  let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+    .lock()
+    .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+  let configs = storage
+    .list_configs()
+    .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+  Ok(Json(configs.iter().map(vpn_to_api_response).collect()))
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  get,
+  path = "/v1/vpns/{id}",
+  params(("id" = String, Path, description = "VPN configuration ID")),
+  responses(
+    (status = 200, description = "VPN configuration details", body = ApiVpnResponse),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 404, description = "VPN configuration not found"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn get_vpn(
+  Path(id): Path<String>,
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+) -> Result<Json<ApiVpnResponse>, StatusCode> {
+  let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+    .lock()
+    .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+  let configs = storage
+    .list_configs()
+    .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+  configs
+    .iter()
+    .find(|c| c.id == id)
+    .map(|c| Json(vpn_to_api_response(c)))
+    .ok_or(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND)
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  get,
+  path = "/v1/vpns/{id}/export",
+  params(("id" = String, Path, description = "VPN configuration ID")),
+  responses(
+    (status = 200, description = "Decrypted VPN configuration", body = ApiVpnExportResponse),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 404, description = "VPN configuration not found"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn export_vpn(
+  Path(id): Path<String>,
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+) -> Result<Json<ApiVpnExportResponse>, StatusCode> {
+  let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+    .lock()
+    .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+  match storage.load_config(&id) {
+    Ok(config) => Ok(Json(ApiVpnExportResponse {
+      id: config.id,
+      name: config.name,
+      vpn_type: config.vpn_type.to_string(),
+      config_data: config.config_data,
+    })),
+    Err(_) => Err(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND),
+  }
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  post,
+  path = "/v1/vpns/import",
+  request_body = ImportVpnRequest,
+  responses(
+    (status = 200, description = "VPN configuration imported successfully", body = ApiVpnResponse),
+    (status = 400, description = "Invalid or unrecognized VPN config"),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn import_vpn(
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+  Json(request): Json<ImportVpnRequest>,
+) -> Result<Json<ApiVpnResponse>, StatusCode> {
+  let result = {
+    let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+      .lock()
+      .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+    storage.import_config(&request.content, &request.filename, request.name)
+  };
+  match result {
+    Ok(config) => {
+      let _ = events::emit("vpn-configs-changed", ());
+      Ok(Json(vpn_to_api_response(&config)))
+    }
+    Err(_) => Err(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
+  }
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  post,
+  path = "/v1/vpns",
+  request_body = CreateVpnRequest,
+  responses(
+    (status = 200, description = "VPN configuration created successfully", body = ApiVpnResponse),
+    (status = 400, description = "Invalid VPN config or unknown vpn_type"),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn create_vpn(
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+  Json(request): Json<CreateVpnRequest>,
+) -> Result<Json<ApiVpnResponse>, StatusCode> {
+  let vpn_type = parse_vpn_type(&request.vpn_type).ok_or(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)?;
+  let result = {
+    let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+      .lock()
+      .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+    storage.create_config_manual(&request.name, vpn_type, &request.config_data)
+  };
+  match result {
+    Ok(config) => {
+      let _ = events::emit("vpn-configs-changed", ());
+      Ok(Json(vpn_to_api_response(&config)))
+    }
+    Err(_) => Err(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
+  }
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  put,
+  path = "/v1/vpns/{id}",
+  params(("id" = String, Path, description = "VPN configuration ID")),
+  request_body = UpdateVpnRequest,
+  responses(
+    (status = 200, description = "VPN configuration updated successfully", body = ApiVpnResponse),
+    (status = 400, description = "Bad request"),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 404, description = "VPN configuration not found"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn update_vpn(
+  Path(id): Path<String>,
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+  Json(request): Json<UpdateVpnRequest>,
+) -> Result<Json<ApiVpnResponse>, StatusCode> {
+  let result = {
+    let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+      .lock()
+      .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+    storage.update_config_name(&id, &request.name)
+  };
+  match result {
+    Ok(config) => {
+      let _ = events::emit("vpn-configs-changed", ());
+      Ok(Json(vpn_to_api_response(&config)))
+    }
+    Err(_) => Err(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND),
+  }
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(
+  delete,
+  path = "/v1/vpns/{id}",
+  params(("id" = String, Path, description = "VPN configuration ID")),
+  responses(
+    (status = 204, description = "VPN configuration deleted successfully"),
+    (status = 401, description = "Unauthorized"),
+    (status = 404, description = "VPN configuration not found"),
+    (status = 500, description = "Internal server error")
+  ),
+  security(("bearer_auth" = [])),
+  tag = "vpns"
+)]
+async fn delete_vpn(
+  Path(id): Path<String>,
+  State(_state): State<ApiServerState>,
+) -> Result<StatusCode, StatusCode> {
+  let _ = crate::vpn_worker_runner::stop_vpn_worker_by_vpn_id(&id).await;
+
+  let result = {
+    let storage = crate::vpn::VPN_STORAGE
+      .lock()
+      .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+    storage.delete_config(&id)
+  };
+  match result {
+    Ok(_) => {
+      let _ = events::emit("vpn-configs-changed", ());
+      Ok(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
+    }
+    Err(_) => Err(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND),
+  }
+}
+
 // Extension API endpoints

 #[utoipa::path(
@@ -1331,8 +1653,17 @@ async fn run_profile(
    .await
    .map_err(|_| StatusCode::CONFLICT)?;

-  // Generate a random port for remote debugging
-  let remote_debugging_port = rand::random::<u16>().saturating_add(9000).max(9000);
+  let remote_debugging_port = {
+    let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0")
+      .await
+      .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+    let port = listener
+      .local_addr()
+      .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?
+      .port();
+    drop(listener);
+    port
+  };

  // Use the same launch method as the main app, but with remote debugging enabled
  match crate::browser_runner::launch_browser_profile_with_debugging(
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use std::sync::mpsc;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

-use muda::MenuEvent;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use tao::event::{Event, StartCause};
 use tao::event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoopBuilder};
 use tokio::runtime::Runtime;
+use tray_icon::menu::MenuEvent;
 use tray_icon::TrayIcon;
 #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
 use tray_icon::{MouseButton, TrayIconEvent};
@@ -490,23 +490,10 @@ async fn main() {

          let server =
            donutbrowser_lib::vpn::socks5_server::WireGuardSocks5Server::new(wg_config, port);
-          if let Err(e) = server.run(id.clone()).await {
-            log::error!("VPN worker failed: {}", e);
-            process::exit(1);
-          }
-        }
-        "openvpn" => {
-          let ovpn_config = match donutbrowser_lib::vpn::parse_openvpn_config(&vpn_config_data) {
-            Ok(c) => c,
-            Err(e) => {
-              log::error!("Failed to parse OpenVPN config: {}", e);
-              process::exit(1);
-            }
-          };
-
-          let server =
-            donutbrowser_lib::vpn::openvpn_socks5::OpenVpnSocks5Server::new(ovpn_config, port);
-          if let Err(e) = server.run(id.clone()).await {
+          if let Err(e) = server
+            .run(id.clone(), config_path.map(std::path::PathBuf::from))
+            .await
+          {
            log::error!("VPN worker failed: {}", e);
            process::exit(1);
          }
@@ -50,20 +50,6 @@ pub mod chrome_decrypt {
    key
  }

-  /// Get the encryption key for Chrome cookies.
-  ///
-  /// Wayfern stores `os_crypt_key` as a plain file inside the profile's
-  /// user-data-dir on all platforms (see the wayfern patches for
-  /// `os_crypt_mac.mm` and `os_crypt_linux.cc`). The file contains a
-  /// base64-encoded 128-bit random value that is used as the PBKDF2
-  /// password — not as the raw AES key — matching Chromium's
-  /// `OSCryptImpl::DeriveKey` flow.
-  ///
-  /// If the file is missing we return `None`. We must NEVER fall back to the
-  /// real macOS Keychain or any other system credential store. Wayfern
-  /// profiles are fully self-contained and reaching into another app's entry
-  /// would trigger the macOS "confidential information stored in …" prompt
-  /// and the "prevented from modifying other apps" warning.
  pub fn get_encryption_key(profile_data_path: &Path) -> Option<[u8; KEY_LEN]> {
    let key_file = profile_data_path.join("os_crypt_key");
    // Read as raw bytes and do NOT trim — Chromium's `ReadFileToString`
@@ -186,32 +172,34 @@ impl CookieManager {
  /// Windows epoch offset: seconds between 1601-01-01 and 1970-01-01
  const WINDOWS_EPOCH_DIFF: i64 = 11644473600;

-  /// Get the Chrome cookie encryption key for a Wayfern profile
  fn get_chrome_encryption_key(profile: &BrowserProfile, profiles_dir: &Path) -> Option<[u8; 16]> {
    let profile_data_path = profile.get_profile_data_path(profiles_dir);
    chrome_decrypt::get_encryption_key(&profile_data_path)
  }

+  fn wayfern_cookie_path(profile_data_path: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    let default_dir = profile_data_path.join("Default");
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    {
+      default_dir.join("Network").join("Cookies")
+    }
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
+    {
+      default_dir.join("Cookies")
+    }
+  }
+
  /// Get the cookie database path for a profile (read-side: errors if missing).
  fn get_cookie_db_path(profile: &BrowserProfile, profiles_dir: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
    let profile_data_path = profile.get_profile_data_path(profiles_dir);

    match profile.browser.as_str() {
      "wayfern" => {
-        let network_path = profile_data_path
-          .join("Default")
-          .join("Network")
-          .join("Cookies");
-        let legacy_path = profile_data_path.join("Default").join("Cookies");
-        if network_path.exists() {
-          Ok(network_path)
-        } else if legacy_path.exists() {
-          Ok(legacy_path)
+        let path = Self::wayfern_cookie_path(&profile_data_path);
+        if path.exists() {
+          Ok(path)
        } else {
-          Err(format!(
-            "Cookie database not found at: {}",
-            network_path.display()
-          ))
+          Err(format!("Cookie database not found at: {}", path.display()))
        }
      }
      "camoufox" => {
@@ -241,21 +229,11 @@ impl CookieManager {

    match profile.browser.as_str() {
      "wayfern" => {
-        let network_path = profile_data_path
-          .join("Default")
-          .join("Network")
-          .join("Cookies");
-        let legacy_path = profile_data_path.join("Default").join("Cookies");
-        if network_path.exists() {
-          Ok(network_path)
-        } else if legacy_path.exists() {
-          Ok(legacy_path)
-        } else {
-          let dir = network_path.parent().unwrap();
-          std::fs::create_dir_all(dir).map_err(|e| format!("Failed to create Network dir: {e}"))?;
-          Self::create_empty_chrome_cookies_db(&network_path)?;
-          Ok(network_path)
+        let path = Self::wayfern_cookie_path(&profile_data_path);
+        if !path.exists() {
+          Self::create_empty_chrome_cookies_db(&path)?;
        }
+        Ok(path)
      }
      "camoufox" => {
        let path = profile_data_path.join("cookies.sqlite");
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use muda::{Menu, MenuItem};
 use std::process::Command;
+use tray_icon::menu::{Menu, MenuItem};
 use tray_icon::{Icon, TrayIcon, TrayIconBuilder};

 pub fn load_icon() -> Icon {
@@ -675,11 +675,17 @@ fn find_claude_cli() -> Option<std::path::PathBuf> {
 }

 #[tauri::command]
-fn is_mcp_in_claude_code() -> Result<bool, String> {
+async fn is_mcp_in_claude_code() -> Result<bool, String> {
  let cli = find_claude_cli().ok_or("Claude Code CLI not found")?;
-  let output = std::process::Command::new(&cli)
+  // `claude mcp list` health-checks every registered MCP server, so a
+  // missing or stalled server can hang the call for many seconds. Cap it
+  // — for this dialog, a slow `claude` is treated the same as "not registered".
+  let fut = tokio::process::Command::new(&cli)
    .args(["mcp", "list"])
-    .output()
+    .output();
+  let output = tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2), fut)
+    .await
+    .map_err(|_| "claude mcp list timed out".to_string())?
    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to run claude: {e}"))?;
  let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
  Ok(stdout.contains("donut-browser"))
@@ -769,42 +775,6 @@ async fn download_geoip_database(app_handle: tauri::AppHandle) -> Result<(), Str
 }

 // VPN commands
-#[derive(serde::Serialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-struct VpnDependencyStatus {
-  is_available: bool,
-  requires_external_install: bool,
-  missing_binary: bool,
-  missing_windows_adapter: bool,
-  dependency_check_failed: bool,
-}
-
-#[tauri::command]
-async fn get_vpn_dependency_status(vpn_type: vpn::VpnType) -> Result<VpnDependencyStatus, String> {
-  match vpn_type {
-    vpn::VpnType::WireGuard => Ok(VpnDependencyStatus {
-      is_available: true,
-      requires_external_install: false,
-      missing_binary: false,
-      missing_windows_adapter: false,
-      dependency_check_failed: false,
-    }),
-    vpn::VpnType::OpenVPN => {
-      let status = crate::vpn::openvpn_socks5::OpenVpnSocks5Server::dependency_status();
-      let is_available =
-        status.binary_found && !status.missing_windows_adapter && !status.dependency_check_failed;
-
-      Ok(VpnDependencyStatus {
-        is_available,
-        requires_external_install: true,
-        missing_binary: !status.binary_found,
-        missing_windows_adapter: status.missing_windows_adapter,
-        dependency_check_failed: status.dependency_check_failed,
-      })
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 #[tauri::command]
 async fn import_vpn_config(
  content: String,
@@ -1268,7 +1238,7 @@ pub fn run() {
      #[allow(unused_variables)]
      let win_builder = WebviewWindowBuilder::new(app, "main", WebviewUrl::default())
        .title("Donut Browser")
-        .inner_size(800.0, 500.0)
+        .inner_size(840.0, 500.0)
        .resizable(false)
        .fullscreen(false)
        .center()
@@ -2075,7 +2045,6 @@ pub fn run() {
      add_mcp_to_claude_code,
      remove_mcp_from_claude_code,
      // VPN commands
-      get_vpn_dependency_status,
      import_vpn_config,
      list_vpn_configs,
      get_vpn_config,
@@ -848,17 +848,17 @@ impl McpServer {
      // VPN management tools
      McpTool {
        name: "import_vpn".to_string(),
-        description: "Import a WireGuard (.conf) or OpenVPN (.ovpn) configuration".to_string(),
+        description: "Import a WireGuard (.conf) configuration".to_string(),
        input_schema: serde_json::json!({
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "content": {
              "type": "string",
-              "description": "Raw VPN config file content"
+              "description": "Raw WireGuard config file content"
            },
            "filename": {
              "type": "string",
-              "description": "Original filename (.conf or .ovpn) for type detection"
+              "description": "Original filename (.conf)"
            },
            "name": {
              "type": "string",
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ pub enum VpnError {
  UnknownFormat,
  #[error("Invalid WireGuard config: {0}")]
  InvalidWireGuard(String),
-  #[error("Invalid OpenVPN config: {0}")]
-  InvalidOpenVpn(String),
  #[error("Storage error: {0}")]
  Storage(String),
  #[error("Connection error: {0}")]
@@ -31,14 +29,12 @@ pub enum VpnError {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum VpnType {
  WireGuard,
-  OpenVPN,
 }

 impl std::fmt::Display for VpnType {
  fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
    match self {
      VpnType::WireGuard => write!(f, "WireGuard"),
-      VpnType::OpenVPN => write!(f, "OpenVPN"),
    }
  }
 }
@@ -72,19 +68,6 @@ pub struct WireGuardConfig {
  pub preshared_key: Option<String>,
 }

-/// Parsed OpenVPN configuration
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct OpenVpnConfig {
-  pub raw_config: String,
-  pub remote_host: String,
-  pub remote_port: u16,
-  pub protocol: String, // "udp" or "tcp"
-  pub dev_type: String, // "tun" or "tap"
-  pub has_inline_ca: bool,
-  pub has_inline_cert: bool,
-  pub has_inline_key: bool,
-}
-
 /// Result of importing a VPN configuration
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct VpnImportResult {
@@ -110,26 +93,16 @@ pub struct VpnStatus {
 pub fn detect_vpn_type(content: &str, filename: &str) -> Result<VpnType, VpnError> {
  let filename_lower = filename.to_lowercase();

-  // Check file extension first
-  if filename_lower.ends_with(".conf") {
-    // .conf could be WireGuard - check content
-    if content.contains("[Interface]") && content.contains("[Peer]") {
-      return Ok(VpnType::WireGuard);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if filename_lower.ends_with(".ovpn") {
-    return Ok(VpnType::OpenVPN);
-  }
-
-  // Check content patterns
-  if content.contains("[Interface]") && content.contains("PrivateKey") && content.contains("[Peer]")
+  if filename_lower.ends_with(".conf")
+    && content.contains("[Interface]")
+    && content.contains("[Peer]")
  {
    return Ok(VpnType::WireGuard);
  }

-  if content.contains("remote ") && (content.contains("client") || content.contains("dev tun")) {
-    return Ok(VpnType::OpenVPN);
+  if content.contains("[Interface]") && content.contains("PrivateKey") && content.contains("[Peer]")
+  {
+    return Ok(VpnType::WireGuard);
  }

  Err(VpnError::UnknownFormat)
@@ -254,75 +227,6 @@ fn validate_wireguard_key(key: &str, field: &str) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
  Ok(())
 }

-/// Parse an OpenVPN configuration file
-pub fn parse_openvpn_config(content: &str) -> Result<OpenVpnConfig, VpnError> {
-  let mut remote_host = String::new();
-  let mut remote_port: u16 = 1194; // Default OpenVPN port
-  let mut protocol = "udp".to_string();
-  let mut dev_type = "tun".to_string();
-
-  let has_inline_ca = content.contains("<ca>") && content.contains("</ca>");
-  let has_inline_cert = content.contains("<cert>") && content.contains("</cert>");
-  let has_inline_key = content.contains("<key>") && content.contains("</key>");
-
-  for line in content.lines() {
-    let line = line.trim();
-
-    // Skip empty lines and comments
-    if line.is_empty() || line.starts_with('#') || line.starts_with(';') {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    let parts: Vec<&str> = line.split_whitespace().collect();
-    if parts.is_empty() {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    match parts[0] {
-      "remote" => {
-        if parts.len() >= 2 {
-          remote_host = parts[1].to_string();
-        }
-        if let Some(port) = parts.get(2).and_then(|p| p.parse().ok()) {
-          remote_port = port;
-        }
-        if parts.len() >= 4 {
-          protocol = parts[3].to_string();
-        }
-      }
-      "proto" if parts.len() >= 2 => {
-        protocol = parts[1].to_string();
-      }
-      "port" => {
-        if let Some(port) = parts.get(1).and_then(|p| p.parse().ok()) {
-          remote_port = port;
-        }
-      }
-      "dev" if parts.len() >= 2 => {
-        dev_type = parts[1].to_string();
-      }
-      _ => {}
-    }
-  }
-
-  if remote_host.is_empty() {
-    return Err(VpnError::InvalidOpenVpn(
-      "Missing 'remote' directive".to_string(),
-    ));
-  }
-
-  Ok(OpenVpnConfig {
-    raw_config: content.to_string(),
-    remote_host,
-    remote_port,
-    protocol,
-    dev_type,
-    has_inline_ca,
-    has_inline_cert,
-    has_inline_key,
-  })
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
  use super::*;
@@ -336,15 +240,6 @@ mod tests {
    );
  }

-  #[test]
-  fn test_detect_openvpn_by_extension() {
-    let content = "client\nremote vpn.example.com 1194";
-    assert_eq!(
-      detect_vpn_type(content, "test.ovpn").unwrap(),
-      VpnType::OpenVPN
-    );
-  }
-
  #[test]
  fn test_detect_wireguard_by_content() {
    let content = "[Interface]\nPrivateKey = testkey123\nAddress = 10.0.0.2/24\n\n[Peer]\nPublicKey = peerkey456\nEndpoint = vpn.example.com:51820";
@@ -354,21 +249,19 @@ mod tests {
    );
  }

-  #[test]
-  fn test_detect_openvpn_by_content() {
-    let content = "client\ndev tun\nproto udp\nremote vpn.example.com 1194";
-    assert_eq!(
-      detect_vpn_type(content, "config").unwrap(),
-      VpnType::OpenVPN
-    );
-  }
-
  #[test]
  fn test_detect_unknown_format() {
    let content = "random text that is not a vpn config";
    assert!(detect_vpn_type(content, "random.txt").is_err());
  }

+  #[test]
+  fn test_reject_openvpn_content() {
+    let content = "client\ndev tun\nproto udp\nremote vpn.example.com 1194";
+    assert!(detect_vpn_type(content, "test.ovpn").is_err());
+    assert!(detect_vpn_type(content, "config").is_err());
+  }
+
  #[test]
  fn test_parse_wireguard_config() {
    let content = r#"
@@ -444,81 +337,4 @@ Endpoint = 1.2.3.4:51820
    assert!(result.is_err());
    assert!(result.unwrap_err().to_string().contains("PrivateKey"));
  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_parse_openvpn_config() {
-    let content = r#"
-client
-dev tun
-proto udp
-remote vpn.example.com 1194
-resolv-retry infinite
-nobind
-persist-key
-persist-tun
-<ca>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-...certificate data...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-</ca>
-<cert>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-...cert data...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-</cert>
-<key>
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
-...key data...
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
-</key>
-"#;
-
-    let config = parse_openvpn_config(content).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(config.remote_host, "vpn.example.com");
-    assert_eq!(config.remote_port, 1194);
-    assert_eq!(config.protocol, "udp");
-    assert_eq!(config.dev_type, "tun");
-    assert!(config.has_inline_ca);
-    assert!(config.has_inline_cert);
-    assert!(config.has_inline_key);
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_parse_openvpn_config_minimal() {
-    let content = r#"
-client
-remote vpn.example.com
-"#;
-
-    let config = parse_openvpn_config(content).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(config.remote_host, "vpn.example.com");
-    assert_eq!(config.remote_port, 1194); // Default
-    assert_eq!(config.protocol, "udp"); // Default
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_parse_openvpn_config_with_port_and_proto() {
-    let content = r#"
-client
-remote vpn.example.com 443 tcp
-"#;
-
-    let config = parse_openvpn_config(content).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(config.remote_host, "vpn.example.com");
-    assert_eq!(config.remote_port, 443);
-    assert_eq!(config.protocol, "tcp");
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_parse_openvpn_missing_remote() {
-    let content = r#"
-client
-dev tun
-proto udp
-"#;
-
-    let result = parse_openvpn_config(content);
-    assert!(result.is_err());
-    assert!(result.unwrap_err().to_string().contains("remote"));
-  }
 }
@@ -1,23 +1,20 @@
-//! VPN support module for WireGuard and OpenVPN configurations.
+//! VPN support module for WireGuard configurations.
 //!
 //! This module provides:
-//! - VPN config parsing (WireGuard .conf and OpenVPN .ovpn files)
+//! - WireGuard config parsing (`.conf` files)
 //! - Encrypted storage for VPN configurations
-//! - Tunnel management with userspace WireGuard (boringtun) and OpenVPN process management
+//! - Tunnel management with userspace WireGuard (boringtun) routed through smoltcp

 mod config;
-mod openvpn;
-pub mod openvpn_socks5;
 pub mod socks5_server;
 mod storage;
 mod tunnel;
 mod wireguard;

 pub use config::{
-  detect_vpn_type, parse_openvpn_config, parse_wireguard_config, OpenVpnConfig, VpnConfig,
-  VpnError, VpnImportResult, VpnStatus, VpnType, WireGuardConfig,
+  detect_vpn_type, parse_wireguard_config, VpnConfig, VpnError, VpnImportResult, VpnStatus,
+  VpnType, WireGuardConfig,
 };
-pub use openvpn::OpenVpnTunnel;
 pub use storage::VpnStorage;
 pub use tunnel::{TunnelManager, VpnTunnel};
 pub use wireguard::WireGuardTunnel;
@@ -1,349 +0,0 @@
-//! OpenVPN tunnel implementation using system openvpn binary.
-
-use super::config::{OpenVpnConfig, VpnError, VpnStatus};
-use super::tunnel::VpnTunnel;
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use chrono::Utc;
-use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader};
-use std::path::PathBuf;
-use std::process::{Child, Command, Stdio};
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU64, Ordering};
-use std::sync::Arc;
-use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
-use tokio::sync::Mutex;
-
-/// OpenVPN tunnel implementation
-pub struct OpenVpnTunnel {
-  vpn_id: String,
-  config: OpenVpnConfig,
-  process: Arc<Mutex<Option<Child>>>,
-  config_file: Option<NamedTempFile>,
-  connected: AtomicBool,
-  connected_at: Option<i64>,
-  bytes_sent: AtomicU64,
-  bytes_received: AtomicU64,
-}
-
-impl OpenVpnTunnel {
-  /// Create a new OpenVPN tunnel
-  pub fn new(vpn_id: String, config: OpenVpnConfig) -> Self {
-    Self {
-      vpn_id,
-      config,
-      process: Arc::new(Mutex::new(None)),
-      config_file: None,
-      connected: AtomicBool::new(false),
-      connected_at: None,
-      bytes_sent: AtomicU64::new(0),
-      bytes_received: AtomicU64::new(0),
-    }
-  }
-
-  /// Find the openvpn binary
-  fn find_openvpn_binary() -> Result<PathBuf, VpnError> {
-    // Check common locations
-    let locations = [
-      "/usr/sbin/openvpn",
-      "/usr/local/sbin/openvpn",
-      "/opt/homebrew/bin/openvpn",
-      "/usr/bin/openvpn",
-      "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\bin\\openvpn.exe",
-      "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\bin\\openvpn.exe",
-    ];
-
-    for loc in &locations {
-      let path = PathBuf::from(loc);
-      if path.exists() {
-        return Ok(path);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Try to find via which/where command
-    #[cfg(unix)]
-    {
-      if let Ok(output) = Command::new("which").arg("openvpn").output() {
-        if output.status.success() {
-          let path = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_string();
-          if !path.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(PathBuf::from(path));
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-      use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
-      const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x08000000;
-      if let Ok(output) = Command::new("where")
-        .arg("openvpn")
-        .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
-        .output()
-      {
-        if output.status.success() {
-          let path = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout)
-            .lines()
-            .next()
-            .unwrap_or("")
-            .trim()
-            .to_string();
-          if !path.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(PathBuf::from(path));
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    Err(VpnError::Connection(
-      "OpenVPN binary not found. Please install OpenVPN.".to_string(),
-    ))
-  }
-
-  /// Write config to temporary file
-  fn write_config_file(&mut self) -> Result<PathBuf, VpnError> {
-    let temp_file =
-      NamedTempFile::new().map_err(|e| VpnError::Io(std::io::Error::other(e.to_string())))?;
-
-    std::fs::write(temp_file.path(), &self.config.raw_config).map_err(VpnError::Io)?;
-
-    let path = temp_file.path().to_path_buf();
-    self.config_file = Some(temp_file);
-
-    Ok(path)
-  }
-
-  /// Start the OpenVPN process
-  async fn start_process(&mut self) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
-    let openvpn_bin = Self::find_openvpn_binary()?;
-    let config_path = self.write_config_file()?;
-
-    log::info!(
-      "[vpn] Starting OpenVPN with config: {}",
-      config_path.display()
-    );
-
-    // Build command with common options
-    let mut cmd = Command::new(&openvpn_bin);
-    cmd
-      .arg("--config")
-      .arg(&config_path)
-      .arg("--verb")
-      .arg("3") // Verbosity level
-      .stdout(Stdio::piped())
-      .stderr(Stdio::piped());
-
-    // On Unix, try to avoid requiring root if possible
-    #[cfg(unix)]
-    {
-      cmd.arg("--script-security").arg("2");
-    }
-
-    let child = cmd
-      .spawn()
-      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to start OpenVPN: {e}")))?;
-
-    *self.process.lock().await = Some(child);
-
-    // Wait a bit and check if process is still running
-    tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
-
-    let mut process_guard = self.process.lock().await;
-    if let Some(ref mut child) = *process_guard {
-      match child.try_wait() {
-        Ok(Some(status)) => {
-          // Process exited early
-          let mut error_msg = format!("OpenVPN exited with status: {status}");
-
-          // Try to get stderr output
-          if let Some(stderr) = child.stderr.take() {
-            let reader = BufReader::new(stderr);
-            let lines: Vec<String> = reader.lines().map_while(Result::ok).take(5).collect();
-            if !lines.is_empty() {
-              error_msg.push_str(&format!("\nError: {}", lines.join("\n")));
-            }
-          }
-
-          return Err(VpnError::Connection(error_msg));
-        }
-        Ok(None) => {
-          // Still running, good
-        }
-        Err(e) => {
-          return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-            "Failed to check process status: {e}"
-          )));
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-  }
-
-  /// Kill the OpenVPN process
-  async fn kill_process(&mut self) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
-    let mut process_guard = self.process.lock().await;
-
-    if let Some(mut child) = process_guard.take() {
-      // Try graceful shutdown first
-      #[cfg(unix)]
-      {
-        use nix::sys::signal::{kill, Signal};
-        use nix::unistd::Pid;
-
-        if let Ok(pid) = child.id().try_into() {
-          let _ = kill(Pid::from_raw(pid), Signal::SIGTERM);
-          // Wait a bit for graceful shutdown
-          tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Force kill if still running
-      let _ = child.kill();
-      let _ = child.wait();
-    }
-
-    // Clean up config file
-    self.config_file = None;
-
-    Ok(())
-  }
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl VpnTunnel for OpenVpnTunnel {
-  async fn connect(&mut self) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
-    if self.connected.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    // Start OpenVPN process
-    self.start_process().await?;
-
-    // Wait for connection to be established
-    // Note: In a real implementation, we'd monitor the OpenVPN management interface
-    // For now, we assume success if the process starts and runs for a bit
-    tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
-
-    // Check if process is still running
-    let process_guard = self.process.lock().await;
-    if let Some(ref child) = *process_guard {
-      let id = child.id();
-      if id > 0 {
-        self.connected.store(true, Ordering::Release);
-        self.connected_at = Some(Utc::now().timestamp());
-        log::info!("[vpn] OpenVPN tunnel {} connected (PID: {id})", self.vpn_id);
-        return Ok(());
-      }
-    }
-
-    Err(VpnError::Connection(
-      "Failed to establish OpenVPN connection".to_string(),
-    ))
-  }
-
-  async fn disconnect(&mut self) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
-    if !self.connected.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    self.kill_process().await?;
-
-    self.connected.store(false, Ordering::Release);
-    self.connected_at = None;
-
-    log::info!("[vpn] OpenVPN tunnel {} disconnected", self.vpn_id);
-
-    Ok(())
-  }
-
-  fn is_connected(&self) -> bool {
-    self.connected.load(Ordering::Acquire)
-  }
-
-  fn vpn_id(&self) -> &str {
-    &self.vpn_id
-  }
-
-  fn get_status(&self) -> VpnStatus {
-    VpnStatus {
-      connected: self.is_connected(),
-      vpn_id: self.vpn_id.clone(),
-      connected_at: self.connected_at,
-      bytes_sent: Some(self.bytes_sent.load(Ordering::Relaxed)),
-      bytes_received: Some(self.bytes_received.load(Ordering::Relaxed)),
-      last_handshake: None,
-    }
-  }
-
-  fn bytes_sent(&self) -> u64 {
-    self.bytes_sent.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
-  }
-
-  fn bytes_received(&self) -> u64 {
-    self.bytes_received.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
-  }
-}
-
-impl Drop for OpenVpnTunnel {
-  fn drop(&mut self) {
-    // Clean up process on drop (synchronously)
-    if let Ok(mut guard) = self.process.try_lock() {
-      if let Some(mut child) = guard.take() {
-        let _ = child.kill();
-        let _ = child.wait();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-  use super::*;
-
-  fn create_test_config() -> OpenVpnConfig {
-    OpenVpnConfig {
-      raw_config: "client\nremote test.example.com 1194\ndev tun".to_string(),
-      remote_host: "test.example.com".to_string(),
-      remote_port: 1194,
-      protocol: "udp".to_string(),
-      dev_type: "tun".to_string(),
-      has_inline_ca: false,
-      has_inline_cert: false,
-      has_inline_key: false,
-    }
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_openvpn_tunnel_creation() {
-    let config = create_test_config();
-    let tunnel = OpenVpnTunnel::new("test-ovpn-1".to_string(), config);
-
-    assert_eq!(tunnel.vpn_id(), "test-ovpn-1");
-    assert!(!tunnel.is_connected());
-    assert_eq!(tunnel.bytes_sent(), 0);
-    assert_eq!(tunnel.bytes_received(), 0);
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_openvpn_status() {
-    let config = create_test_config();
-    let tunnel = OpenVpnTunnel::new("test-ovpn-2".to_string(), config);
-
-    let status = tunnel.get_status();
-    assert!(!status.connected);
-    assert_eq!(status.vpn_id, "test-ovpn-2");
-    assert!(status.connected_at.is_none());
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_find_openvpn_binary_format() {
-    // This test just checks that the function doesn't panic
-    // It may or may not find openvpn depending on the system
-    let result = OpenVpnTunnel::find_openvpn_binary();
-    // Just check that it returns a valid Result
-    match result {
-      Ok(path) => assert!(!path.as_os_str().is_empty()),
-      Err(e) => assert!(e.to_string().contains("not found")),
-    }
-  }
-}
@@ -1,811 +0,0 @@
-use super::config::{OpenVpnConfig, VpnError};
-use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr};
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
-use std::sync::Arc;
-use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, BufReader};
-use tokio::net::{lookup_host, TcpListener, TcpSocket, TcpStream};
-
-const OPENVPN_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 90;
-
-enum SocksTarget {
-  Address(SocketAddr),
-  Domain(String, u16),
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
-pub(crate) struct OpenVpnDependencyStatus {
-  pub binary_found: bool,
-  pub missing_windows_adapter: bool,
-  pub dependency_check_failed: bool,
-}
-
-pub struct OpenVpnSocks5Server {
-  config: OpenVpnConfig,
-  port: u16,
-}
-
-impl OpenVpnSocks5Server {
-  pub fn new(config: OpenVpnConfig, port: u16) -> Self {
-    Self { config, port }
-  }
-
-  fn read_log_tail(path: &Path, lines: usize) -> String {
-    std::fs::read_to_string(path)
-      .unwrap_or_default()
-      .lines()
-      .rev()
-      .take(lines)
-      .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-      .into_iter()
-      .rev()
-      .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-      .join("\n")
-  }
-
-  fn extract_vpn_ip(line: &str) -> Option<Ipv4Addr> {
-    for field in line.split(',') {
-      let trimmed = field.trim();
-      if let Ok(ip) = trimmed.parse::<Ipv4Addr>() {
-        if ip.is_private() && !ip.is_loopback() {
-          return Some(ip);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    None
-  }
-
-  fn log_indicates_connected(log_content: &str) -> bool {
-    log_content.contains("Initialization Sequence Completed")
-  }
-
-  fn log_indicates_failure(log_content: &str) -> bool {
-    log_content.contains("AUTH_FAILED")
-      || log_content.contains("Exiting due to fatal error")
-      || log_content.contains("Fatal error")
-      || log_content.contains("Options error")
-      || log_content.contains("Exiting")
-  }
-
-  fn has_config_directive(config: &str, directive: &str) -> bool {
-    config.lines().any(|line| {
-      let trimmed = line.trim();
-      !trimmed.is_empty()
-        && !trimmed.starts_with('#')
-        && !trimmed.starts_with(';')
-        && trimmed.starts_with(directive)
-    })
-  }
-
-  fn strip_config_directive(config: &str, directive: &str) -> String {
-    config
-      .lines()
-      .filter(|line| {
-        let trimmed = line.trim();
-        trimmed.is_empty()
-          || trimmed.starts_with('#')
-          || trimmed.starts_with(';')
-          || !trimmed.starts_with(directive)
-      })
-      .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-      .join("\n")
-  }
-
-  fn build_runtime_config(&self) -> String {
-    let mut runtime_config = self.config.raw_config.clone();
-
-    runtime_config = Self::strip_config_directive(&runtime_config, "redirect-gateway");
-    runtime_config = Self::strip_config_directive(&runtime_config, "block-outside-dns");
-    runtime_config = Self::strip_config_directive(&runtime_config, "dhcp-option");
-
-    if !runtime_config.contains("pull-filter ignore \"redirect-gateway\"") {
-      runtime_config.push_str("\npull-filter ignore \"redirect-gateway\"\n");
-    }
-    if !runtime_config.contains("pull-filter ignore \"block-outside-dns\"") {
-      runtime_config.push_str("pull-filter ignore \"block-outside-dns\"\n");
-    }
-    if !runtime_config.contains("pull-filter ignore \"dhcp-option\"") {
-      runtime_config.push_str("pull-filter ignore \"dhcp-option\"\n");
-    }
-
-    if !Self::has_config_directive(&runtime_config, "route 0.0.0.0") {
-      runtime_config.push_str("\nroute 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 vpn_gateway 9999\n");
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-      if Self::has_config_directive(&runtime_config, "dev-node") {
-        runtime_config = runtime_config
-          .lines()
-          .filter(|line| {
-            let trimmed = line.trim();
-            trimmed.is_empty()
-              || trimmed.starts_with('#')
-              || trimmed.starts_with(';')
-              || !trimmed.starts_with("dev-node")
-          })
-          .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-          .join("\n");
-      }
-
-      if !Self::has_config_directive(&runtime_config, "disable-dco") {
-        runtime_config.push_str("\ndisable-dco\n");
-      }
-
-      if self.config.dev_type.starts_with("tun")
-        && !Self::has_config_directive(&runtime_config, "windows-driver")
-      {
-        runtime_config.push_str("\nwindows-driver wintun\n");
-      }
-    }
-
-    runtime_config
-  }
-
-  pub(crate) fn dependency_status() -> OpenVpnDependencyStatus {
-    let Ok(openvpn_bin) = Self::find_openvpn_binary() else {
-      return OpenVpnDependencyStatus {
-        binary_found: false,
-        missing_windows_adapter: false,
-        dependency_check_failed: false,
-      };
-    };
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-      match Self::windows_openvpn_has_adapter(&openvpn_bin) {
-        Ok(has_adapter) => OpenVpnDependencyStatus {
-          binary_found: true,
-          missing_windows_adapter: !has_adapter,
-          dependency_check_failed: false,
-        },
-        Err(_) => OpenVpnDependencyStatus {
-          binary_found: true,
-          missing_windows_adapter: false,
-          dependency_check_failed: true,
-        },
-      }
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(not(windows))]
-    {
-      let _ = openvpn_bin;
-      OpenVpnDependencyStatus {
-        binary_found: true,
-        missing_windows_adapter: false,
-        dependency_check_failed: false,
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  pub(crate) fn find_openvpn_binary() -> Result<PathBuf, VpnError> {
-    if let Ok(path) = std::env::var("DONUTBROWSER_OPENVPN_BIN") {
-      let path = PathBuf::from(path);
-      if path.exists() {
-        return Ok(path);
-      }
-
-      return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-        "Configured OpenVPN binary does not exist: {}",
-        path.display()
-      )));
-    }
-
-    let locations = [
-      "/usr/sbin/openvpn",
-      "/usr/local/sbin/openvpn",
-      "/opt/homebrew/bin/openvpn",
-      "/usr/bin/openvpn",
-      "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\bin\\openvpn.exe",
-      "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\bin\\openvpn.exe",
-    ];
-
-    for loc in &locations {
-      let path = PathBuf::from(loc);
-      if path.exists() {
-        return Ok(path);
-      }
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(unix)]
-    {
-      if let Ok(output) = Command::new("which").arg("openvpn").output() {
-        if output.status.success() {
-          let path = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_string();
-          if !path.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(PathBuf::from(path));
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-      use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
-      const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x08000000;
-      if let Ok(output) = Command::new("where")
-        .arg("openvpn")
-        .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
-        .output()
-      {
-        if output.status.success() {
-          let path = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout)
-            .lines()
-            .next()
-            .unwrap_or("")
-            .trim()
-            .to_string();
-          if !path.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(PathBuf::from(path));
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    Err(VpnError::Connection(
-      "OpenVPN binary not found. Please install OpenVPN.".to_string(),
-    ))
-  }
-
-  fn openvpn_supports_management(openvpn_bin: &Path) -> bool {
-    let mut command = Command::new(openvpn_bin);
-    command.arg("--version");
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-      use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
-      const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x08000000;
-      command.creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW);
-    }
-
-    let Ok(output) = command.output() else {
-      return true;
-    };
-
-    let version_text = format!(
-      "{}{}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout),
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
-    );
-
-    !version_text.contains("enable_management=no")
-  }
-
-  #[cfg(windows)]
-  pub(crate) fn windows_openvpn_has_adapter(openvpn_bin: &Path) -> Result<bool, VpnError> {
-    use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
-    const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x08000000;
-
-    let output = Command::new(openvpn_bin)
-      .arg("--show-adapters")
-      .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
-      .output()
-      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to inspect OpenVPN adapters: {e}")))?;
-
-    let text = format!(
-      "{}{}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout),
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
-    );
-
-    Ok(
-      text
-        .lines()
-        .map(str::trim)
-        .any(|line| !line.is_empty() && !line.starts_with("Available adapters")),
-    )
-  }
-
-  fn extract_vpn_ip_from_log(log_content: &str) -> Option<Ipv4Addr> {
-    for line in log_content.lines() {
-      if let Some(ip) = Self::extract_vpn_ip(line) {
-        return Some(ip);
-      }
-
-      if let Some(position) = line.find("ifconfig ") {
-        let after = &line[position + "ifconfig ".len()..];
-        if let Some(ip_str) = after
-          .split_whitespace()
-          .next()
-          .or_else(|| after.split(',').next())
-        {
-          if let Ok(ip) = ip_str.parse::<Ipv4Addr>() {
-            if ip.is_private() && !ip.is_loopback() {
-              return Some(ip);
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    None
-  }
-
-  async fn wait_for_openvpn_ready_via_management(
-    child: &mut std::process::Child,
-    mgmt_port: u16,
-    log_path: &Path,
-  ) -> Result<Option<Ipv4Addr>, VpnError> {
-    let deadline =
-      tokio::time::Instant::now() + tokio::time::Duration::from_secs(OPENVPN_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_SECS);
-
-    let mgmt_stream = loop {
-      if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "Timed out connecting to OpenVPN management interface. Last OpenVPN output:\n{}",
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      if let Ok(Some(status)) = child.try_wait() {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "OpenVPN exited (status: {}) before the tunnel was established. Last output:\n{}",
-          status,
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      match TcpStream::connect(("127.0.0.1", mgmt_port)).await {
-        Ok(stream) => break stream,
-        Err(_) => tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(500)).await,
-      }
-    };
-
-    let (mgmt_reader, mut mgmt_writer) = mgmt_stream.into_split();
-    let _ = mgmt_writer.write_all(b"state on\nstate\n").await;
-
-    let mut lines = BufReader::new(mgmt_reader).lines();
-    let mut interval = tokio::time::interval(tokio::time::Duration::from_secs(1));
-    interval.tick().await;
-
-    let mut vpn_ip = None;
-
-    loop {
-      if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "Timed out waiting for OpenVPN to reach CONNECTED state. Last OpenVPN output:\n{}",
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      if let Ok(Some(status)) = child.try_wait() {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "OpenVPN exited (status: {}) before connecting. Last output:\n{}",
-          status,
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      tokio::select! {
-        line_result = lines.next_line() => {
-          match line_result {
-            Ok(Some(line)) => {
-              if let Some(ip) = Self::extract_vpn_ip(&line) {
-                vpn_ip = Some(ip);
-              }
-
-              if line.contains(",CONNECTED,") {
-                break;
-              }
-
-              if line.contains("AUTH_FAILED") {
-                return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-                  "OpenVPN authentication failed. Last output:\n{}",
-                  Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-                )));
-              }
-
-              if line.contains(",EXITING,") || line.contains(">FATAL:") {
-                return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-                  "OpenVPN is exiting. Last output:\n{}",
-                  Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-                )));
-              }
-            }
-            Ok(None) => {
-              return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-                "OpenVPN management connection closed before CONNECTED state. Last output:\n{}",
-                Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 20)
-              )));
-            }
-            Err(_) => {}
-          }
-        }
-        _ = interval.tick() => {
-          let _ = mgmt_writer.write_all(b"state\n").await;
-
-          let log_path = log_path.to_path_buf();
-          let log_content = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || std::fs::read_to_string(log_path))
-            .await
-            .ok()
-            .and_then(Result::ok);
-
-          if let Some(content) = log_content {
-            if Self::log_indicates_connected(&content) {
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    if vpn_ip.is_none() {
-      if let Ok(log_content) = std::fs::read_to_string(log_path) {
-        vpn_ip = Self::extract_vpn_ip_from_log(&log_content);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Ok(vpn_ip)
-  }
-
-  async fn wait_for_openvpn_ready_via_log(
-    child: &mut std::process::Child,
-    log_path: &Path,
-  ) -> Result<Option<Ipv4Addr>, VpnError> {
-    let deadline =
-      tokio::time::Instant::now() + tokio::time::Duration::from_secs(OPENVPN_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_SECS);
-
-    loop {
-      if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "Timed out waiting for OpenVPN to connect. Last OpenVPN output:\n{}",
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 40)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      if let Ok(Some(status)) = child.try_wait() {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "OpenVPN exited (status: {}) before connecting. Last output:\n{}",
-          status,
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 40)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      let log_path_buf = log_path.to_path_buf();
-      let log_content = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || std::fs::read_to_string(log_path_buf))
-        .await
-        .ok()
-        .and_then(Result::ok)
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-
-      if Self::log_indicates_connected(&log_content) {
-        return Ok(Self::extract_vpn_ip_from_log(&log_content));
-      }
-
-      if Self::log_indicates_failure(&log_content) {
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "OpenVPN reported a fatal error while connecting. Last output:\n{}",
-          Self::read_log_tail(log_path, 40)
-        )));
-      }
-
-      tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
-    }
-  }
-
-  async fn connect_target(
-    target: SocksTarget,
-    vpn_bind_ip: Ipv4Addr,
-  ) -> Result<(TcpStream, SocketAddr), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
-    let mut addresses = match target {
-      SocksTarget::Address(addr) => vec![addr],
-      SocksTarget::Domain(host, port) => {
-        let mut resolved = lookup_host((host.as_str(), port))
-          .await?
-          .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        resolved.sort_by_key(|addr| if addr.is_ipv4() { 0 } else { 1 });
-        resolved
-      }
-    };
-
-    if addresses.is_empty() {
-      return Err("No addresses resolved for SOCKS5 target".into());
-    }
-
-    let mut last_error = None;
-
-    for address in addresses.drain(..) {
-      let socket = if address.is_ipv4() {
-        let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
-        if !vpn_bind_ip.is_unspecified() {
-          socket.bind(SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(vpn_bind_ip), 0))?;
-        }
-        socket
-      } else {
-        TcpSocket::new_v6()?
-      };
-
-      match socket.connect(address).await {
-        Ok(stream) => return Ok((stream, address)),
-        Err(error) => last_error = Some(error),
-      }
-    }
-
-    Err(
-      last_error
-        .map(|error| error.into())
-        .unwrap_or_else(|| "Failed to connect to any resolved SOCKS5 target".into()),
-    )
-  }
-
-  pub async fn run(self, config_id: String) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
-    let openvpn_bin = Self::find_openvpn_binary()?;
-    let supports_management = Self::openvpn_supports_management(&openvpn_bin);
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    if !Self::windows_openvpn_has_adapter(&openvpn_bin)? {
-      return Err(VpnError::Connection(
-        "OpenVPN requires a TAP/Wintun/ovpn-dco adapter on Windows, but none were found. Install or provision an adapter before connecting.".to_string(),
-      ));
-    }
-
-    let config_path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openvpn_{}.ovpn", config_id));
-    std::fs::write(&config_path, self.build_runtime_config()).map_err(VpnError::Io)?;
-
-    #[cfg(unix)]
-    {
-      use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
-      let _ = std::fs::set_permissions(&config_path, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o600));
-    }
-
-    let mgmt_port = if supports_management {
-      let mgmt_listener = std::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0")
-        .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to bind management port: {e}")))?;
-      let port = mgmt_listener
-        .local_addr()
-        .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to get management port: {e}")))?
-        .port();
-      drop(mgmt_listener);
-      Some(port)
-    } else {
-      log::info!(
-        "[vpn-worker] OpenVPN build does not support management; using log-based readiness"
-      );
-      None
-    };
-
-    let openvpn_log_path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openvpn-{}.log", config_id));
-    let log_file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
-      .create(true)
-      .write(true)
-      .truncate(true)
-      .open(&openvpn_log_path)
-      .map_err(VpnError::Io)?;
-
-    let mut cmd = Command::new(&openvpn_bin);
-    cmd.arg("--config").arg(&config_path);
-    if let Some(mgmt_port) = mgmt_port {
-      cmd
-        .arg("--management")
-        .arg("127.0.0.1")
-        .arg(mgmt_port.to_string());
-    }
-    cmd
-      .arg("--verb")
-      .arg("3")
-      .stdout(
-        log_file
-          .try_clone()
-          .map(Stdio::from)
-          .map_err(VpnError::Io)?,
-      )
-      .stderr(Stdio::from(log_file));
-
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-      use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
-      const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x08000000;
-
-      cmd.arg("--disable-dco");
-      if self.config.dev_type.starts_with("tun") {
-        cmd.arg("--windows-driver").arg("wintun");
-      }
-      cmd.creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW);
-    }
-
-    let mut child = cmd
-      .spawn()
-      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to start OpenVPN: {e}")))?;
-
-    tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
-
-    match child.try_wait() {
-      Ok(Some(status)) => {
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&config_path);
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "OpenVPN exited immediately (status: {}). Last output:\n{}",
-          status,
-          Self::read_log_tail(&openvpn_log_path, 20)
-        )));
-      }
-      Ok(None) => {}
-      Err(e) => {
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&config_path);
-        return Err(VpnError::Connection(format!(
-          "Failed to check OpenVPN status: {e}"
-        )));
-      }
-    }
-
-    let vpn_bind_ip = if let Some(mgmt_port) = mgmt_port {
-      Self::wait_for_openvpn_ready_via_management(&mut child, mgmt_port, &openvpn_log_path).await?
-    } else {
-      Self::wait_for_openvpn_ready_via_log(&mut child, &openvpn_log_path).await?
-    }
-    .unwrap_or(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED);
-    let vpn_bind_ip = Arc::new(vpn_bind_ip);
-
-    let listener = TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", self.port))
-      .await
-      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to bind SOCKS5: {e}")))?;
-
-    let actual_port = listener
-      .local_addr()
-      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to get local addr: {e}")))?
-      .port();
-
-    if let Some(mut worker_config) = crate::vpn_worker_storage::get_vpn_worker_config(&config_id) {
-      worker_config.local_port = Some(actual_port);
-      worker_config.local_url = Some(format!("socks5://127.0.0.1:{}", actual_port));
-      let _ = crate::vpn_worker_storage::save_vpn_worker_config(&worker_config);
-    }
-
-    log::info!(
-      "[vpn-worker] OpenVPN SOCKS5 server listening on 127.0.0.1:{}",
-      actual_port
-    );
-
-    loop {
-      match listener.accept().await {
-        Ok((client, _)) => {
-          let bind_ip = vpn_bind_ip.clone();
-          tokio::spawn(async move {
-            let _ = Self::handle_socks5_client(client, bind_ip).await;
-          });
-        }
-        Err(error) => {
-          log::warn!("[vpn-worker] Accept error: {error}");
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  async fn handle_socks5_client(
-    mut client: TcpStream,
-    vpn_bind_ip: Arc<Ipv4Addr>,
-  ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
-    let mut greeting = [0u8; 2];
-    if let Err(error) = client.read_exact(&mut greeting).await {
-      if error.kind() != std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof {
-        log::debug!("[socks5] Failed to read greeting header: {}", error);
-      }
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if greeting[0] != 0x05 {
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    let mut methods = vec![0u8; greeting[1] as usize];
-    if let Err(error) = client.read_exact(&mut methods).await {
-      if error.kind() != std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof {
-        log::debug!("[socks5] Failed to read methods list: {}", error);
-      }
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    client.write_all(&[0x05, 0x00]).await?;
-
-    let mut request_header = [0u8; 4];
-    if let Err(error) = client.read_exact(&mut request_header).await {
-      if error.kind() != std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof {
-        log::debug!("[socks5] Failed to read request header: {}", error);
-      }
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if request_header[0] != 0x05 {
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if request_header[1] != 0x01 {
-      let _ = client
-        .write_all(&[0x05, 0x07, 0x00, 0x01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
-        .await;
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    let target = match request_header[3] {
-      0x01 => {
-        let mut addr_port = [0u8; 6];
-        client.read_exact(&mut addr_port).await?;
-        SocksTarget::Address(SocketAddr::new(
-          IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(
-            addr_port[0],
-            addr_port[1],
-            addr_port[2],
-            addr_port[3],
-          )),
-          u16::from_be_bytes([addr_port[4], addr_port[5]]),
-        ))
-      }
-      0x03 => {
-        let mut len = [0u8; 1];
-        client.read_exact(&mut len).await?;
-        if len[0] == 0 {
-          return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        let mut domain = vec![0u8; len[0] as usize];
-        client.read_exact(&mut domain).await?;
-
-        let mut port = [0u8; 2];
-        client.read_exact(&mut port).await?;
-
-        SocksTarget::Domain(
-          String::from_utf8_lossy(&domain).to_string(),
-          u16::from_be_bytes(port),
-        )
-      }
-      0x04 => {
-        let mut addr_port = [0u8; 18];
-        client.read_exact(&mut addr_port).await?;
-
-        let mut octets = [0u8; 16];
-        octets.copy_from_slice(&addr_port[..16]);
-
-        SocksTarget::Address(SocketAddr::new(
-          IpAddr::V6(std::net::Ipv6Addr::from(octets)),
-          u16::from_be_bytes([addr_port[16], addr_port[17]]),
-        ))
-      }
-      _ => {
-        let _ = client
-          .write_all(&[0x05, 0x08, 0x00, 0x01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
-          .await;
-        return Ok(());
-      }
-    };
-
-    match Self::connect_target(target, *vpn_bind_ip).await {
-      Ok((upstream, _address)) => {
-        client
-          .write_all(&[0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 127, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0])
-          .await?;
-
-        let (mut client_read, mut client_write) = client.into_split();
-        let (mut upstream_read, mut upstream_write) = upstream.into_split();
-
-        let client_to_upstream = tokio::io::copy(&mut client_read, &mut upstream_write);
-        let upstream_to_client = tokio::io::copy(&mut upstream_read, &mut client_write);
-        let _ = tokio::try_join!(client_to_upstream, upstream_to_client)?;
-      }
-      Err(error) => {
-        log::debug!(
-          "[socks5] Failed to connect through OpenVPN tunnel: {}",
-          error
-        );
-        client
-          .write_all(&[0x05, 0x05, 0x00, 0x01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
-          .await?;
-      }
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-  }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-  use super::*;
-
-  #[test]
-  fn test_find_openvpn_binary_format() {
-    let result = OpenVpnSocks5Server::find_openvpn_binary();
-    match result {
-      Ok(path) => assert!(!path.as_os_str().is_empty()),
-      Err(e) => assert!(e.to_string().contains("not found")),
-    }
-  }
-}
@@ -52,8 +52,25 @@ impl WgDevice {
      let mut dst = vec![0u8; ip_packet.len() + 256];
      let mut tunn = self.tunn.lock().unwrap();
      let result = tunn.encapsulate(&ip_packet, &mut dst);
-      if let TunnResult::WriteToNetwork(packet) = result {
-        let _ = self.udp_socket.send_to(packet, self.peer_addr);
+      match result {
+        TunnResult::WriteToNetwork(packet) => {
+          if let Err(e) = self.udp_socket.send_to(packet, self.peer_addr) {
+            log::error!("[wg] udp send_to failed: {e}");
+          }
+        }
+        TunnResult::Done => {
+          // boringtun has nothing to send right now (e.g. handshake not yet
+          // complete); silently drop. smoltcp will retransmit.
+        }
+        TunnResult::Err(e) => {
+          log::error!(
+            "[wg] encapsulate error for {}B IP packet: {e:?}",
+            ip_packet.len()
+          );
+        }
+        TunnResult::WriteToTunnelV4(_, _) | TunnResult::WriteToTunnelV6(_, _) => {
+          log::error!("[wg] encapsulate returned unexpected WriteToTunnel — bug?");
+        }
      }
    }
  }
@@ -313,7 +330,11 @@ impl WireGuardSocks5Server {
    )))
  }

-  pub async fn run(self, config_id: String) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
+  pub async fn run(
+    self,
+    config_id: String,
+    config_path: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
+  ) -> Result<(), VpnError> {
    let peer_addr = self.resolve_endpoint()?;
    let mut tunn = self.create_tunnel()?;

@@ -371,11 +392,37 @@ impl WireGuardSocks5Server {
      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Connection(format!("Failed to get local addr: {e}")))?
      .port();

-    // Update config with actual port and local_url
-    if let Some(mut wc) = crate::vpn_worker_storage::get_vpn_worker_config(&config_id) {
+    // Update config with actual port and local_url. Prefer the explicit
+    // config path the worker was started with — see issue #287, where
+    // get_storage_dir() in the worker process resolved to a different
+    // directory than in the parent (Qubes/sandboxed Linux), causing the
+    // write-back to land in the wrong place and the parent to time out.
+    let updated = match &config_path {
+      Some(path) => crate::vpn_worker_storage::get_vpn_worker_config_from_path(path)
+        .or_else(|| crate::vpn_worker_storage::get_vpn_worker_config(&config_id)),
+      None => crate::vpn_worker_storage::get_vpn_worker_config(&config_id),
+    };
+    if let Some(mut wc) = updated {
      wc.local_port = Some(actual_port);
      wc.local_url = Some(format!("socks5://127.0.0.1:{}", actual_port));
-      let _ = crate::vpn_worker_storage::save_vpn_worker_config(&wc);
+      let result = match &config_path {
+        Some(path) => crate::vpn_worker_storage::save_vpn_worker_config_to_path(&wc, path)
+          .map_err(|e| e.to_string()),
+        None => crate::vpn_worker_storage::save_vpn_worker_config(&wc).map_err(|e| e.to_string()),
+      };
+      if let Err(e) = result {
+        log::error!(
+          "[vpn-worker] Failed to write back local_url to config: {} (path={:?})",
+          e,
+          config_path
+        );
+      }
+    } else {
+      log::error!(
+        "[vpn-worker] Could not load worker config for write-back (id={}, path={:?})",
+        config_id,
+        config_path
+      );
    }

    log::info!(
@@ -161,7 +161,17 @@ impl VpnStorage {
    let content = fs::read_to_string(&self.storage_path)
      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Storage(format!("Failed to read storage file: {e}")))?;

-    serde_json::from_str(&content)
+    // Drop entries whose vpn_type isn't recognized by the current build (e.g.
+    // legacy "OpenVPN" entries after support was removed). Filtering at JSON
+    // level keeps the rest of the file deserializable instead of the whole
+    // load failing on a single unknown variant.
+    let mut value: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content)
+      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Storage(format!("Failed to parse storage file: {e}")))?;
+    if let Some(arr) = value.get_mut("configs").and_then(|v| v.as_array_mut()) {
+      arr.retain(|c| c.get("vpn_type").and_then(|t| t.as_str()) == Some("WireGuard"));
+    }
+
+    serde_json::from_value(value)
      .map_err(|e| VpnError::Storage(format!("Failed to parse storage file: {e}")))
  }

@@ -328,14 +338,10 @@ impl VpnStorage {
    vpn_type: VpnType,
    config_data: &str,
  ) -> Result<VpnConfig, VpnError> {
-    // Validate the config by parsing it
    match vpn_type {
      VpnType::WireGuard => {
        super::parse_wireguard_config(config_data)?;
      }
-      VpnType::OpenVPN => {
-        super::parse_openvpn_config(config_data)?;
-      }
    }

    let id = Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
@@ -392,20 +398,15 @@ impl VpnStorage {
  ) -> Result<VpnConfig, VpnError> {
    let vpn_type = super::detect_vpn_type(content, filename)?;

-    // Validate the config by parsing it
    match vpn_type {
      VpnType::WireGuard => {
        super::parse_wireguard_config(content)?;
      }
-      VpnType::OpenVPN => {
-        super::parse_openvpn_config(content)?;
-      }
    }

    let id = Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
    let display_name = name.unwrap_or_else(|| {
-      // Generate name from filename
-      let base = filename.trim_end_matches(".conf").trim_end_matches(".ovpn");
+      let base = filename.trim_end_matches(".conf");
      format!("{} ({})", base, vpn_type)
    });
    let sync_enabled = crate::sync::is_sync_configured();
@@ -491,7 +492,7 @@ mod tests {
    let config2 = VpnConfig {
      id: "id-2".to_string(),
      name: "VPN 2".to_string(),
-      vpn_type: VpnType::OpenVPN,
+      vpn_type: VpnType::WireGuard,
      config_data: "secret2".to_string(),
      created_at: 2000,
      last_used: Some(3000),
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ use std::process::Stdio;

 const VPN_WORKER_POLL_INTERVAL_MS: u64 = 100;
 const VPN_WORKER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 30_000;
-const OPENVPN_WORKER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 100_000;

 async fn vpn_worker_accepting_connections(config: &VpnWorkerConfig) -> bool {
  let Some(port) = config.local_port else {
@@ -44,13 +43,8 @@ fn read_worker_log(id: &str) -> String {

 async fn wait_for_vpn_worker_ready(
  id: &str,
-  vpn_type: &str,
 ) -> Result<VpnWorkerConfig, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
-  let startup_timeout = if vpn_type == "openvpn" {
-    tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(OPENVPN_WORKER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS)
-  } else {
-    tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(VPN_WORKER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS)
-  };
+  let startup_timeout = tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(VPN_WORKER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS);
  let startup_deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + startup_timeout;

  tokio::time::sleep(tokio::time::Duration::from_millis(
@@ -124,7 +118,7 @@ pub async fn start_vpn_worker(vpn_id: &str) -> Result<VpnWorkerConfig, Box<dyn s
          return Ok(existing);
        }

-        return wait_for_vpn_worker_ready(&existing.id, &existing.vpn_type).await;
+        return wait_for_vpn_worker_ready(&existing.id).await;
      }
    }
    // Worker config exists but process is dead, clean up
@@ -141,10 +135,7 @@ pub async fn start_vpn_worker(vpn_id: &str) -> Result<VpnWorkerConfig, Box<dyn s
      .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to load VPN config: {e}"))?
  };

-  let vpn_type_str = match vpn_config.vpn_type {
-    crate::vpn::VpnType::WireGuard => "wireguard",
-    crate::vpn::VpnType::OpenVPN => "openvpn",
-  };
+  let vpn_type_str = "wireguard";

  // Write decrypted config to a temp file
  let config_file_path = std::env::temp_dir()
@@ -270,7 +261,7 @@ pub async fn start_vpn_worker(vpn_id: &str) -> Result<VpnWorkerConfig, Box<dyn s
    drop(child);
  }

-  wait_for_vpn_worker_ready(&id, vpn_type_str).await
+  wait_for_vpn_worker_ready(&id).await
 }

 pub async fn stop_vpn_worker(id: &str) -> Result<bool, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use crate::proxy_storage::get_storage_dir;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::fs;
+use std::path::Path;

 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct VpnWorkerConfig {
@@ -36,12 +37,34 @@ pub fn save_vpn_worker_config(config: &VpnWorkerConfig) -> Result<(), Box<dyn st
  fs::create_dir_all(&storage_dir)?;

  let file_path = storage_dir.join(format!("vpn_worker_{}.json", config.id));
-  let content = serde_json::to_string_pretty(config)?;
-  fs::write(&file_path, content)?;
+  save_vpn_worker_config_to_path(config, &file_path)
+}

+/// Write a worker config to a specific path. Used by detached worker
+/// processes that already know their config file path (passed via
+/// `--config-path`) and must write back to the same location regardless of
+/// how `get_storage_dir()` resolves in the worker process — which can
+/// differ from the parent on Linux distros that sandbox the GUI (Qubes,
+/// flatpak, etc.) and is the cause of issue #287.
+pub fn save_vpn_worker_config_to_path(
+  config: &VpnWorkerConfig,
+  path: &Path,
+) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+  if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+    fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+  }
+  let content = serde_json::to_string_pretty(config)?;
+  fs::write(path, content)?;
  Ok(())
 }

+/// Read a worker config from a specific path. Counterpart to
+/// `save_vpn_worker_config_to_path`.
+pub fn get_vpn_worker_config_from_path(path: &Path) -> Option<VpnWorkerConfig> {
+  let content = fs::read_to_string(path).ok()?;
+  serde_json::from_str(&content).ok()
+}
+
 pub fn get_vpn_worker_config(id: &str) -> Option<VpnWorkerConfig> {
  let storage_dir = get_storage_dir();
  let file_path = storage_dir.join(format!("vpn_worker_{}.json", id));
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
  "$schema": "https://schema.tauri.app/config/2",
  "productName": "Donut",
-  "version": "0.22.0",
+  "version": "0.22.6",
  "identifier": "com.donutbrowser",
  "build": {
    "beforeDevCommand": "pnpm copy-proxy-binary && pnpm dev",
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@
    "linux": {
      "deb": {
        "desktopTemplate": "donutbrowser.desktop",
-        "depends": ["xdg-utils"]
+        "depends": ["xdg-utils", "libxdo3"]
      },
      "rpm": {
        "desktopTemplate": "donutbrowser.desktop",
-        "depends": ["xdg-utils"]
+        "depends": ["xdg-utils", "libxdo"]
      },
      "appimage": {
        "files": {
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# Sample OpenVPN configuration for testing
-# This is NOT a real configuration - for unit test purposes only
-
-client
-dev tun
-proto udp
-remote vpn.example.com 1194
-resolv-retry infinite
-nobind
-persist-key
-persist-tun
-verb 3
-
-<ca>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIBojCCAUigAwIBAgIJAKPGF0Tc8XJaMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMBkxFzAVBgNVBAMM
-DnRlc3QtY2EtZXhhbXBsZTAeFw0yMzAxMDEwMDAwMDBaFw0yNTAxMDEwMDAwMDBa
-MBkxFzAVBgNVBAMMDnRlc3QtY2EtZXhhbXBsZTBZMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49
-AwEHA0IABHfakeZYe3R6uCZoL5DqbZkW8mBVKnIYMrIIKV4FPYO9V1YL8V3Z9QC
-TEST_CERTIFICATE_DATA_NOT_REAL_EXAMPLE_ONLY
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-</ca>
-
-<cert>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIIBojCCAUigAwIBAgIJAKPGF0Tc8XJbMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMBkxFzAVBgNVBAMM
-DnRlc3QtY2xpZW50LWV4YW1wbGUwHhcNMjMwMTAxMDAwMDAwWhcNMjUwMTAxMDAw
-MDAwWjAZMRcwFQYDVQQDDA50ZXN0LWNsaWVudC1leGFtcGxlMFkwEwYHKoZIzj0C
-AQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAE
-TEST_CLIENT_CERT_DATA_NOT_REAL_EXAMPLE_ONLY
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-</cert>
-
-<key>
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIGHAgEAMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHBG0wawIBAQQgZFG/NKjHmTJBNcuH
-TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_DATA_NOT_REAL_EXAMPLE_ONLY
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
-</key>
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Test harness for VPN integration tests.
 //!
-//! This module provides Docker-based test infrastructure for WireGuard and OpenVPN tests.
+//! This module provides Docker-based test infrastructure for WireGuard tests.
 //! In CI environments, it uses pre-configured service containers.
 //! In local development, it spawns Docker containers on demand.
 //!
@@ -13,10 +13,7 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 use tokio::time::sleep;

 const WIREGUARD_IMAGE: &str = "linuxserver/wireguard:latest";
-const OPENVPN_IMAGE: &str = "kylemanna/openvpn:latest";
 const WG_CONTAINER: &str = "donut-wg-test";
-const OVPN_CONTAINER: &str = "donut-ovpn-test";
-const OVPN_VOLUME: &str = "donut-ovpn-test-data";

 /// Check if running in CI environment
 pub fn is_ci() -> bool {
@@ -27,10 +24,6 @@ fn has_external_wireguard_service() -> bool {
  std::env::var("VPN_TEST_WG_HOST").is_ok()
 }

-fn has_external_openvpn_service() -> bool {
-  std::env::var("VPN_TEST_OVPN_HOST").is_ok()
-}
-
 /// Check if Docker is available
 pub fn is_docker_available() -> bool {
  Command::new("docker")
@@ -165,166 +158,10 @@ pub async fn start_wireguard_server() -> Result<WireGuardTestConfig, String> {
  Ok(config)
 }

-/// Start an OpenVPN test server and return client config
-pub async fn start_openvpn_server() -> Result<OpenVpnTestConfig, String> {
-  if has_external_openvpn_service() {
-    let host = std::env::var("VPN_TEST_OVPN_HOST").unwrap_or_else(|_| "localhost".into());
-    let port = std::env::var("VPN_TEST_OVPN_PORT").unwrap_or_else(|_| "1194".into());
-
-    return get_ci_openvpn_config(&host, &port);
-  }
-
-  if !is_docker_available() {
-    return Err("Docker is not available for local testing".to_string());
-  }
-
-  // Stop any existing container
-  let _ = Command::new("docker")
-    .args(["rm", "-f", OVPN_CONTAINER])
-    .output();
-
-  let _ = Command::new("docker")
-    .args(["volume", "rm", "-f", OVPN_VOLUME])
-    .output();
-
-  let create_volume = Command::new("docker")
-    .args(["volume", "create", OVPN_VOLUME])
-    .output()
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to create OpenVPN test volume: {e}"))?;
-  if !create_volume.status.success() {
-    return Err(format!(
-      "Failed to create OpenVPN test volume: {}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_volume.stderr)
-    ));
-  }
-
-  let genconfig = Command::new("docker")
-    .args([
-      "run",
-      "--rm",
-      "-v",
-      &format!("{OVPN_VOLUME}:/etc/openvpn"),
-      "-e",
-      "EASYRSA_BATCH=1",
-      OPENVPN_IMAGE,
-      "ovpn_genconfig",
-      "-u",
-      "udp://127.0.0.1",
-      "-s",
-      "10.9.0.0/24",
-    ])
-    .output()
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to generate OpenVPN config: {e}"))?;
-  if !genconfig.status.success() {
-    return Err(format!(
-      "OpenVPN config generation failed: {}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&genconfig.stderr)
-    ));
-  }
-
-  let init_pki = Command::new("docker")
-    .args([
-      "run",
-      "--rm",
-      "-v",
-      &format!("{OVPN_VOLUME}:/etc/openvpn"),
-      "-e",
-      "EASYRSA_BATCH=1",
-      OPENVPN_IMAGE,
-      "ovpn_initpki",
-      "nopass",
-    ])
-    .output()
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to initialize OpenVPN PKI: {e}"))?;
-  if !init_pki.status.success() {
-    return Err(format!(
-      "OpenVPN PKI initialization failed: {}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&init_pki.stderr)
-    ));
-  }
-
-  let build_client = Command::new("docker")
-    .args([
-      "run",
-      "--rm",
-      "-v",
-      &format!("{OVPN_VOLUME}:/etc/openvpn"),
-      "-e",
-      "EASYRSA_BATCH=1",
-      OPENVPN_IMAGE,
-      "easyrsa",
-      "build-client-full",
-      "donut-test-client",
-      "nopass",
-    ])
-    .output()
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to build OpenVPN client certificate: {e}"))?;
-  if !build_client.status.success() {
-    return Err(format!(
-      "OpenVPN client certificate build failed: {}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&build_client.stderr)
-    ));
-  }
-
-  let start_server = Command::new("docker")
-    .args([
-      "run",
-      "-d",
-      "--name",
-      OVPN_CONTAINER,
-      "--cap-add=NET_ADMIN",
-      "-p",
-      "1194:1194/udp",
-      "-v",
-      &format!("{OVPN_VOLUME}:/etc/openvpn"),
-      OPENVPN_IMAGE,
-    ])
-    .output()
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to start OpenVPN container: {e}"))?;
-  if !start_server.status.success() {
-    return Err(format!(
-      "OpenVPN container start failed: {}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&start_server.stderr)
-    ));
-  }
-
-  sleep(Duration::from_secs(10)).await;
-
-  let client_config = Command::new("docker")
-    .args([
-      "run",
-      "--rm",
-      "-v",
-      &format!("{OVPN_VOLUME}:/etc/openvpn"),
-      OPENVPN_IMAGE,
-      "ovpn_getclient",
-      "donut-test-client",
-    ])
-    .output()
-    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to fetch OpenVPN client config: {e}"))?;
-  if !client_config.status.success() {
-    return Err(format!(
-      "Failed to read OpenVPN client config: {}",
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(&client_config.stderr)
-    ));
-  }
-
-  let raw_config = String::from_utf8_lossy(&client_config.stdout).to_string();
-  Ok(OpenVpnTestConfig {
-    raw_config,
-    remote_host: "127.0.0.1".to_string(),
-    remote_port: 1194,
-    protocol: "udp".to_string(),
-  })
-}
-
 /// Stop all VPN test servers
 pub async fn stop_vpn_servers() {
  let _ = Command::new("docker")
-    .args(["rm", "-f", WG_CONTAINER, OVPN_CONTAINER])
-    .output();
-  let _ = Command::new("docker")
-    .args(["volume", "rm", "-f", OVPN_VOLUME])
+    .args(["rm", "-f", WG_CONTAINER])
    .output();
 }

@@ -343,14 +180,6 @@ pub struct WireGuardTestConfig {
  pub server_tunnel_ip: String,
 }

-/// OpenVPN test configuration
-pub struct OpenVpnTestConfig {
-  pub raw_config: String,
-  pub remote_host: String,
-  pub remote_port: u16,
-  pub protocol: String,
-}
-
 /// Parse WireGuard test config from INI content
 fn parse_wireguard_test_config(content: &str) -> Result<WireGuardTestConfig, String> {
  let mut private_key = String::new();
@@ -436,7 +265,7 @@ fn get_ci_wireguard_config(host: &str, port: &str) -> Result<WireGuardTestConfig

  Ok(WireGuardTestConfig {
    private_key,
-    address: "10.0.0.2/24".to_string(),
+    address: std::env::var("VPN_TEST_WG_ADDRESS").unwrap_or_else(|_| "10.0.0.2/24".to_string()),
    dns: Some("1.1.1.1".to_string()),
    peer_public_key: public_key,
    peer_endpoint: format!("{host}:{port}"),
@@ -446,35 +275,3 @@ fn get_ci_wireguard_config(host: &str, port: &str) -> Result<WireGuardTestConfig
      .unwrap_or_else(|_| "10.0.0.1".to_string()),
  })
 }
-
-/// Get OpenVPN config from CI environment
-fn get_ci_openvpn_config(host: &str, port: &str) -> Result<OpenVpnTestConfig, String> {
-  if let Ok(raw_config) = std::env::var("VPN_TEST_OVPN_RAW_CONFIG") {
-    return Ok(OpenVpnTestConfig {
-      raw_config,
-      remote_host: host.to_string(),
-      remote_port: port.parse().unwrap_or(1194),
-      protocol: "udp".to_string(),
-    });
-  }
-
-  let raw_config = format!(
-    r#"
-client
-dev tun
-proto udp
-remote {host} {port}
-resolv-retry infinite
-nobind
-persist-key
-persist-tun
-"#
-  );
-
-  Ok(OpenVpnTestConfig {
-    raw_config,
-    remote_host: host.to_string(),
-    remote_port: port.parse().unwrap_or(1194),
-    protocol: "udp".to_string(),
-  })
-}
@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ mod test_harness;

 use common::TestUtils;
 use donutbrowser_lib::vpn::{
-  detect_vpn_type, parse_openvpn_config, parse_wireguard_config, OpenVpnConfig, VpnConfig,
-  VpnStorage, VpnType, WireGuardConfig,
+  detect_vpn_type, parse_wireguard_config, VpnConfig, VpnStorage, VpnType, WireGuardConfig,
 };
 use serde_json::Value;
 use serial_test::serial;
@@ -45,27 +44,6 @@ fn test_wireguard_config_import() {
  assert_eq!(wg.persistent_keepalive, Some(25));
 }

-#[test]
-fn test_openvpn_config_import() {
-  let config = include_str!("fixtures/test.ovpn");
-  let result = parse_openvpn_config(config);
-
-  assert!(
-    result.is_ok(),
-    "Failed to parse OpenVPN config: {:?}",
-    result.err()
-  );
-
-  let ovpn = result.unwrap();
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.remote_host, "vpn.example.com");
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.remote_port, 1194);
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.protocol, "udp");
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.dev_type, "tun");
-  assert!(ovpn.has_inline_ca);
-  assert!(ovpn.has_inline_cert);
-  assert!(ovpn.has_inline_key);
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_detect_vpn_type_wireguard_by_extension() {
  let content = "[Interface]\nPrivateKey = test\n[Peer]\nPublicKey = peer";
@@ -75,15 +53,6 @@ fn test_detect_vpn_type_wireguard_by_extension() {
  assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), VpnType::WireGuard);
 }

-#[test]
-fn test_detect_vpn_type_openvpn_by_extension() {
-  let content = "client\nremote vpn.example.com 1194";
-  let result = detect_vpn_type(content, "my-vpn.ovpn");
-
-  assert!(result.is_ok());
-  assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), VpnType::OpenVPN);
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_detect_vpn_type_wireguard_by_content() {
  let content = r#"
@@ -101,20 +70,6 @@ Endpoint = 1.2.3.4:51820
  assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), VpnType::WireGuard);
 }

-#[test]
-fn test_detect_vpn_type_openvpn_by_content() {
-  let content = r#"
-client
-dev tun
-proto udp
-remote vpn.server.com 443
-"#;
-  let result = detect_vpn_type(content, "config.txt");
-
-  assert!(result.is_ok());
-  assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), VpnType::OpenVPN);
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_detect_vpn_type_unknown() {
  let content = "this is just some random text that is not a vpn config";
@@ -123,6 +78,13 @@ fn test_detect_vpn_type_unknown() {
  assert!(result.is_err());
 }

+#[test]
+fn test_reject_openvpn_content() {
+  let content = "client\ndev tun\nproto udp\nremote vpn.example.com 1194";
+  assert!(detect_vpn_type(content, "old.ovpn").is_err());
+  assert!(detect_vpn_type(content, "config.txt").is_err());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_wireguard_config_missing_private_key() {
  let config = r#"
@@ -154,32 +116,6 @@ Address = 10.0.0.2/24
  assert!(err.contains("PublicKey") || err.contains("Peer"));
 }

-#[test]
-fn test_openvpn_config_missing_remote() {
-  let config = r#"
-client
-dev tun
-proto udp
-"#;
-  let result = parse_openvpn_config(config);
-
-  assert!(result.is_err());
-  let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
-  assert!(err.contains("remote"));
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn test_openvpn_config_with_port_in_remote() {
-  let config = "client\nremote server.example.com 443 tcp";
-  let result = parse_openvpn_config(config);
-
-  assert!(result.is_ok());
-  let ovpn = result.unwrap();
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.remote_host, "server.example.com");
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.remote_port, 443);
-  assert_eq!(ovpn.protocol, "tcp");
-}
-
 // ============================================================================
 // Storage Tests
 // ============================================================================
@@ -228,16 +164,11 @@ fn test_vpn_storage_list() {
  let temp_dir = tempfile::TempDir::new().unwrap();
  let storage = create_test_storage(&temp_dir);

-  // Save two configs
  for i in 1..=2 {
    let config = VpnConfig {
      id: format!("list-test-{i}"),
      name: format!("VPN {i}"),
-      vpn_type: if i == 1 {
-        VpnType::WireGuard
-      } else {
-        VpnType::OpenVPN
-      },
+      vpn_type: VpnType::WireGuard,
      config_data: "secret data".to_string(),
      created_at: 1000 * i as i64,
      last_used: None,
@@ -250,7 +181,6 @@ fn test_vpn_storage_list() {
  let list = storage.list_configs().unwrap();
  assert_eq!(list.len(), 2);

-  // Config data should be empty in listing
  for cfg in &list {
    assert!(cfg.config_data.is_empty());
  }
@@ -297,6 +227,52 @@ fn test_vpn_storage_import() {
  assert!(!imported.id.is_empty());
 }

+/// Existing OpenVPN entries on disk should be silently dropped at load time
+/// after support was removed. Stored configs are encrypted at rest, so we
+/// build the on-disk JSON by hand instead of going through `save_config`.
+#[test]
+#[serial]
+fn test_vpn_storage_drops_legacy_openvpn_entries() {
+  let temp_dir = tempfile::TempDir::new().unwrap();
+  let storage_path = temp_dir.path().join("vpn_configs.json");
+  std::fs::write(
+    &storage_path,
+    r#"{
+      "version": 1,
+      "configs": [
+        {
+          "id": "wg-keep",
+          "name": "Keep me",
+          "vpn_type": "WireGuard",
+          "encrypted_data": "",
+          "nonce": "",
+          "created_at": 1,
+          "last_used": null,
+          "sync_enabled": false,
+          "last_sync": null
+        },
+        {
+          "id": "ovpn-drop",
+          "name": "Drop me",
+          "vpn_type": "OpenVPN",
+          "encrypted_data": "",
+          "nonce": "",
+          "created_at": 2,
+          "last_used": null,
+          "sync_enabled": false,
+          "last_sync": null
+        }
+      ]
+    }"#,
+  )
+  .unwrap();
+
+  let storage = create_test_storage(&temp_dir);
+  let configs = storage.list_configs().unwrap();
+  let ids: Vec<_> = configs.iter().map(|c| c.id.as_str()).collect();
+  assert_eq!(ids, vec!["wg-keep"]);
+}
+
 // ============================================================================
 // Helper Functions
 // ============================================================================
@@ -309,13 +285,9 @@ fn create_test_storage(temp_dir: &tempfile::TempDir) -> VpnStorage {
 // Connection Tests (require Docker)
 // ============================================================================

-/// These tests require Docker to be available.
-/// They are automatically skipped if Docker is not installed.
-
 #[tokio::test]
 #[serial]
 async fn test_wireguard_tunnel_init() {
-  // This test only verifies tunnel creation, not actual connection
  let config = WireGuardConfig {
    private_key: "YEocP0e2o1WT5GlvBvQzVF7EeR6z9aCk+ZdZ5NKEuXA=".to_string(),
    address: "10.0.0.2/24".to_string(),
@@ -337,30 +309,6 @@ async fn test_wireguard_tunnel_init() {
  assert_eq!(tunnel.bytes_received(), 0);
 }

-#[tokio::test]
-#[serial]
-async fn test_openvpn_tunnel_init() {
-  // This test only verifies tunnel creation, not actual connection
-  let config = OpenVpnConfig {
-    raw_config: "client\nremote localhost 1194".to_string(),
-    remote_host: "localhost".to_string(),
-    remote_port: 1194,
-    protocol: "udp".to_string(),
-    dev_type: "tun".to_string(),
-    has_inline_ca: false,
-    has_inline_cert: false,
-    has_inline_key: false,
-  };
-
-  use donutbrowser_lib::vpn::{OpenVpnTunnel, VpnTunnel};
-
-  let tunnel = OpenVpnTunnel::new("test-ovpn".to_string(), config);
-  assert_eq!(tunnel.vpn_id(), "test-ovpn");
-  assert!(!tunnel.is_connected());
-  assert_eq!(tunnel.bytes_sent(), 0);
-  assert_eq!(tunnel.bytes_received(), 0);
-}
-
 #[tokio::test]
 #[serial]
 async fn test_tunnel_manager() {
@@ -565,45 +513,6 @@ fn build_wireguard_config(config: &test_harness::WireGuardTestConfig) -> String
  )
 }

-fn openvpn_client_available() -> bool {
-  if let Ok(path) = std::env::var("DONUTBROWSER_OPENVPN_BIN") {
-    return PathBuf::from(path).exists();
-  }
-
-  std::process::Command::new(if cfg!(windows) { "where" } else { "which" })
-    .arg("openvpn")
-    .output()
-    .map(|output| output.status.success())
-    .unwrap_or(false)
-}
-
-#[cfg(windows)]
-fn openvpn_adapter_available() -> bool {
-  let openvpn = std::process::Command::new("openvpn")
-    .arg("--show-adapters")
-    .output();
-
-  openvpn
-    .ok()
-    .map(|output| {
-      let text = format!(
-        "{}{}",
-        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout),
-        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
-      );
-      text
-        .lines()
-        .map(str::trim)
-        .any(|line| !line.is_empty() && !line.starts_with("Available adapters"))
-    })
-    .unwrap_or(false)
-}
-
-#[cfg(not(windows))]
-fn openvpn_adapter_available() -> bool {
-  true
-}
-
 async fn start_proxy_with_upstream(
  binary_path: &PathBuf,
  upstream_proxy: &str,
@@ -750,10 +659,6 @@ async fn run_proxy_feature_suite(

  sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;

-  // Test HTTP traffic through the tunnel to the internal HTTP server running
-  // inside the WireGuard container. This avoids depending on internet access
-  // from Docker (macOS Docker Desktop can't reliably NAT WireGuard tunnel
-  // traffic through to the internet).
  let internal_url = format!("http://{}:8080/", server_tunnel_ip);
  let internal_host = format!("{}:8080", server_tunnel_ip);
  let http_response =
@@ -790,7 +695,6 @@ async fn run_proxy_feature_suite(

  stop_proxy(binary_path, &proxy.id).await?;

-  // DNS blocklist test: blocklist the tunnel server IP so it gets rejected
  let blocklist_file = tempfile::NamedTempFile::new()?;
  std::fs::write(blocklist_file.path(), format!("{server_tunnel_ip}\n"))?;
  let blocked_proxy = start_proxy_with_upstream(
@@ -896,56 +800,3 @@ async fn test_wireguard_traffic_flows_through_donut_proxy(

  result
 }
-
-#[tokio::test]
-#[serial]
-async fn test_openvpn_traffic_flows_through_donut_proxy(
-) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
-  let _env = TestEnvGuard::new()?;
-  cleanup_runtime().await;
-
-  if std::env::var("DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E")
-    .ok()
-    .as_deref()
-    != Some("1")
-  {
-    eprintln!("skipping OpenVPN e2e test because DONUTBROWSER_RUN_OPENVPN_E2E is not set");
-    return Ok(());
-  }
-
-  if !test_harness::is_docker_available() {
-    eprintln!("skipping OpenVPN e2e test because Docker is unavailable");
-    return Ok(());
-  }
-
-  if !openvpn_client_available() {
-    eprintln!("skipping OpenVPN e2e test because the OpenVPN client binary is unavailable");
-    return Ok(());
-  }
-
-  if !openvpn_adapter_available() {
-    eprintln!("skipping OpenVPN e2e test because no Windows OpenVPN adapter is available");
-    return Ok(());
-  }
-
-  let binary_path = ensure_donut_proxy_binary().await?;
-  let ovpn_config = match test_harness::start_openvpn_server().await {
-    Ok(config) => config,
-    Err(error) => {
-      eprintln!("skipping OpenVPN e2e test: {error}");
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-  };
-
-  let vpn_config = new_test_vpn_config("OpenVPN E2E", VpnType::OpenVPN, ovpn_config.raw_config);
-  {
-    let storage = donutbrowser_lib::vpn::VPN_STORAGE.lock().unwrap();
-    storage.save_config(&vpn_config)?;
-  }
-
-  // OpenVPN test uses the server's tunnel IP for internal-only traffic.
-  // The OpenVPN server's subnet is 10.9.0.0/24, server at 10.9.0.1.
-  let result = run_proxy_feature_suite(&binary_path, &vpn_config.id, "10.9.0.1").await;
-  cleanup_runtime().await;
-  result
-}
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { getCurrent } from "@tauri-apps/plugin-deep-link";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { CamoufoxConfigDialog } from "@/components/camoufox-config-dialog";
 import { CloneProfileDialog } from "@/components/clone-profile-dialog";
 import { CommercialTrialModal } from "@/components/commercial-trial-modal";
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ interface PendingUrl {
 }

 export default function Home() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  // Mount global version update listener/toasts
  useVersionUpdater();

@@ -428,9 +430,7 @@ export default function Home() {
          "Received show create profile dialog request:",
          event.payload,
        );
-        showErrorToast(
-          "No profiles available. Please create a profile first before opening URLs.",
-        );
+        showErrorToast(t("errors.noProfilesForUrl"));
        setCreateProfileDialogOpen(true);
      });

@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ export default function Home() {
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to setup URL listener:", error);
    }
-  }, [handleUrlOpen]);
+  }, [handleUrlOpen, t]);

  const handleConfigureCamoufox = useCallback((profile: BrowserProfile) => {
    setCurrentProfileForCamoufoxConfig(profile);
@@ -474,12 +474,14 @@ export default function Home() {
      } catch (err: unknown) {
        console.error("Failed to update camoufox config:", err);
        showErrorToast(
-          `Failed to update camoufox config: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          t("errors.updateCamoufoxConfigFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
        );
        throw err;
      }
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

  const handleSaveWayfernConfig = useCallback(
@@ -494,12 +496,12 @@ export default function Home() {
      } catch (err: unknown) {
        console.error("Failed to update wayfern config:", err);
        showErrorToast(
-          `Failed to update wayfern config: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          t("errors.updateWayfernConfigFailed", { error: JSON.stringify(err) }),
        );
        throw err;
      }
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

  const handleCreateProfile = useCallback(
@@ -553,84 +555,92 @@ export default function Home() {
        // No need to manually reload - useProfileEvents will handle the update
      } catch (error) {
        showErrorToast(
-          `Failed to create profile: ${
-            error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-          }`,
+          t("errors.createProfileFailed", {
+            error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error),
+          }),
        );
      }
    },
-    [selectedGroupId],
+    [selectedGroupId, t],
  );

-  const launchProfile = useCallback(async (profile: BrowserProfile) => {
-    console.log("Starting launch for profile:", profile.name);
+  const launchProfile = useCallback(
+    async (profile: BrowserProfile) => {
+      console.log("Starting launch for profile:", profile.name);

-    // Show one-time warning about window resizing for fingerprinted browsers
-    if (profile.browser === "camoufox" || profile.browser === "wayfern") {
-      try {
-        const dismissed = await invoke<boolean>(
-          "get_window_resize_warning_dismissed",
-        );
-        if (!dismissed) {
-          const proceed = await new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
-            windowResizeWarningResolver.current = resolve;
-            setWindowResizeWarningBrowserType(profile.browser);
-            setWindowResizeWarningOpen(true);
-          });
-          if (!proceed) {
-            return;
+      // Show one-time warning about window resizing for fingerprinted browsers
+      if (profile.browser === "camoufox" || profile.browser === "wayfern") {
+        try {
+          const dismissed = await invoke<boolean>(
+            "get_window_resize_warning_dismissed",
+          );
+          if (!dismissed) {
+            const proceed = await new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
+              windowResizeWarningResolver.current = resolve;
+              setWindowResizeWarningBrowserType(profile.browser);
+              setWindowResizeWarningOpen(true);
+            });
+            if (!proceed) {
+              return;
+            }
          }
+        } catch (error) {
+          console.error("Failed to check window resize warning:", error);
        }
-      } catch (error) {
-        console.error("Failed to check window resize warning:", error);
      }
-    }

-    try {
-      const result = await invoke<BrowserProfile>("launch_browser_profile", {
-        profile,
-      });
-      console.log("Successfully launched profile:", result.name);
-    } catch (err: unknown) {
-      console.error("Failed to launch browser:", err);
-      const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
-      showErrorToast(`Failed to launch browser: ${errorMessage}`);
-      throw err;
-    }
-  }, []);
+      try {
+        const result = await invoke<BrowserProfile>("launch_browser_profile", {
+          profile,
+        });
+        console.log("Successfully launched profile:", result.name);
+      } catch (err: unknown) {
+        console.error("Failed to launch browser:", err);
+        const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+        showErrorToast(
+          t("errors.launchBrowserFailed", { error: errorMessage }),
+        );
+        throw err;
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const handleCloneProfile = useCallback((profile: BrowserProfile) => {
    setCloneProfile(profile);
  }, []);

-  const handleDeleteProfile = useCallback(async (profile: BrowserProfile) => {
-    console.log("Attempting to delete profile:", profile.name);
+  const handleDeleteProfile = useCallback(
+    async (profile: BrowserProfile) => {
+      console.log("Attempting to delete profile:", profile.name);

-    try {
-      // First check if the browser is running for this profile
-      const isRunning = await invoke<boolean>("check_browser_status", {
-        profile,
-      });
+      try {
+        // First check if the browser is running for this profile
+        const isRunning = await invoke<boolean>("check_browser_status", {
+          profile,
+        });

-      if (isRunning) {
+        if (isRunning) {
+          showErrorToast(t("errors.cannotDeleteRunningProfile"));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Attempt to delete the profile
+        await invoke("delete_profile", { profileId: profile.id });
+        console.log("Profile deletion command completed successfully");
+
+        // No need to manually reload - useProfileEvents will handle the update
+        console.log("Profile deleted successfully");
+      } catch (err: unknown) {
+        console.error("Failed to delete profile:", err);
+        const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
        showErrorToast(
-          "Cannot delete profile while browser is running. Please stop the browser first.",
+          t("errors.deleteProfileFailed", { error: errorMessage }),
        );
-        return;
      }
-
-      // Attempt to delete the profile
-      await invoke("delete_profile", { profileId: profile.id });
-      console.log("Profile deletion command completed successfully");
-
-      // No need to manually reload - useProfileEvents will handle the update
-      console.log("Profile deleted successfully");
-    } catch (err: unknown) {
-      console.error("Failed to delete profile:", err);
-      const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
-      showErrorToast(`Failed to delete profile: ${errorMessage}`);
-    }
-  }, []);
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const handleRenameProfile = useCallback(
    async (profileId: string, newName: string) => {
@@ -639,28 +649,33 @@ export default function Home() {
        // No need to manually reload - useProfileEvents will handle the update
      } catch (err: unknown) {
        console.error("Failed to rename profile:", err);
-        showErrorToast(`Failed to rename profile: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
+        showErrorToast(
+          t("errors.renameProfileFailed", { error: JSON.stringify(err) }),
+        );
        throw err;
      }
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

-  const handleKillProfile = useCallback(async (profile: BrowserProfile) => {
-    console.log("Starting kill for profile:", profile.name);
+  const handleKillProfile = useCallback(
+    async (profile: BrowserProfile) => {
+      console.log("Starting kill for profile:", profile.name);

-    try {
-      await invoke("kill_browser_profile", { profile });
-      console.log("Successfully killed profile:", profile.name);
-      // No need to manually reload - useProfileEvents will handle the update
-    } catch (err: unknown) {
-      console.error("Failed to kill browser:", err);
-      const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
-      showErrorToast(`Failed to kill browser: ${errorMessage}`);
-      // Re-throw the error so the table component can handle loading state cleanup
-      throw err;
-    }
-  }, []);
+      try {
+        await invoke("kill_browser_profile", { profile });
+        console.log("Successfully killed profile:", profile.name);
+        // No need to manually reload - useProfileEvents will handle the update
+      } catch (err: unknown) {
+        console.error("Failed to kill browser:", err);
+        const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+        showErrorToast(t("errors.killBrowserFailed", { error: errorMessage }));
+        // Re-throw the error so the table component can handle loading state cleanup
+        throw err;
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const handleDeleteSelectedProfiles = useCallback(
    async (profileIds: string[]) => {
@@ -670,11 +685,13 @@ export default function Home() {
      } catch (err: unknown) {
        console.error("Failed to delete selected profiles:", err);
        showErrorToast(
-          `Failed to delete selected profiles: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          t("errors.deleteSelectedProfilesFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
        );
      }
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

  const handleAssignProfilesToGroup = useCallback((profileIds: string[]) => {
@@ -701,12 +718,14 @@ export default function Home() {
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to delete selected profiles:", error);
      showErrorToast(
-        `Failed to delete selected profiles: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`,
+        t("errors.deleteSelectedProfilesFailed", {
+          error: JSON.stringify(error),
+        }),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsBulkDeleting(false);
    }
-  }, [selectedProfiles]);
+  }, [selectedProfiles, t]);

  const handleBulkGroupAssignment = useCallback(() => {
    if (selectedProfiles.length === 0) return;
@@ -749,14 +768,12 @@ export default function Home() {
        (p.browser === "wayfern" || p.browser === "camoufox"),
    );
    if (eligibleProfiles.length === 0) {
-      showErrorToast(
-        "Cookie copy only works with Wayfern and Camoufox profiles",
-      );
+      showErrorToast(t("errors.cookieCopyUnsupportedBrowser"));
      return;
    }
    setSelectedProfilesForCookies(eligibleProfiles.map((p) => p.id));
    setCookieCopyDialogOpen(true);
-  }, [selectedProfiles, profiles]);
+  }, [selectedProfiles, profiles, t]);

  const handleCopyCookiesToProfile = useCallback((profile: BrowserProfile) => {
    setSelectedProfilesForCookies([profile.id]);
@@ -804,10 +821,10 @@ export default function Home() {
        });
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("Failed to toggle sync:", error);
-        showErrorToast("Failed to update sync settings");
+        showErrorToast(t("errors.updateSyncSettingsFailed"));
      }
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -825,19 +842,22 @@ export default function Home() {
          const { profile_id, status, error, profile_name } = event.payload;
          const toastId = `sync-${profile_id}`;
          const profile = profiles.find((p) => p.id === profile_id);
-          const name = profile_name || profile?.name || "Unknown";
+          const name =
+            profile_name || profile?.name || t("common.labels.unknownProfile");

          if (status === "synced") {
            dismissToast(toastId);
            if (profilesWithTransfer.has(profile_id)) {
              profilesWithTransfer.delete(profile_id);
-              showSuccessToast(`Profile '${name}' synced successfully`);
+              showSuccessToast(t("sync.toast.profileSynced", { name }));
            }
          } else if (status === "error") {
            dismissToast(toastId);
            profilesWithTransfer.delete(profile_id);
            showErrorToast(
-              `Failed to sync profile '${name}'${error ? `: ${error}` : ""}`,
+              error
+                ? t("sync.toast.profileSyncFailedWithError", { name, error })
+                : t("sync.toast.profileSyncFailed", { name }),
            );
          }
        });
@@ -857,7 +877,10 @@ export default function Home() {
          const payload = event.payload;
          const toastId = `sync-${payload.profile_id}`;
          const profile = profiles.find((p) => p.id === payload.profile_id);
-          const name = payload.profile_name || profile?.name || "Unknown";
+          const name =
+            payload.profile_name ||
+            profile?.name ||
+            t("common.labels.unknownProfile");

          if (
            payload.phase === "started" ||
@@ -889,7 +912,7 @@ export default function Home() {
      if (unlistenStatus) unlistenStatus();
      if (unlistenProgress) unlistenProgress();
    };
-  }, [profiles]);
+  }, [profiles, t]);

  useEffect(() => {
    // Check for startup default browser prompt
@@ -1047,7 +1070,7 @@ export default function Home() {

  return (
    <div className="grid items-center justify-items-center min-h-screen gap-8 font-(family-name:--font-geist-sans) bg-background">
-      <main className="flex flex-col items-center w-full max-w-3xl">
+      <main className="flex flex-col items-center w-full max-w-4xl px-3">
        <div className="w-full">
          <HomeHeader
            onCreateProfileDialogOpen={setCreateProfileDialogOpen}
@@ -1272,9 +1295,13 @@ export default function Home() {
          setShowBulkDeleteConfirmation(false);
        }}
        onConfirm={confirmBulkDelete}
-        title="Delete Selected Profiles"
-        description={`This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete ${selectedProfiles.length} profile${selectedProfiles.length !== 1 ? "s" : ""} and all associated data.`}
-        confirmButtonText={`Delete ${selectedProfiles.length} Profile${selectedProfiles.length !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`}
+        title={t("profiles.bulkDelete.title")}
+        description={t("profiles.bulkDelete.description", {
+          count: selectedProfiles.length,
+        })}
+        confirmButtonText={t("profiles.bulkDelete.confirmButton", {
+          count: selectedProfiles.length,
+        })}
        isLoading={isBulkDeleting}
        profileIds={selectedProfiles}
        profiles={profiles.map((p) => ({ id: p.id, name: p.name }))}
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 "use client";

+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { FaExternalLinkAlt, FaTimes } from "react-icons/fa";
 import { LuCheckCheck } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ export function AppUpdateToast({
  onDismiss,
  updateReady = false,
 }: AppUpdateToastProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const handleRestartClick = async () => {
    await onRestart();
  };
@@ -43,10 +45,10 @@ export function AppUpdateToast({
          <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
            <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-foreground">
              {updateReady
-                ? "Update ready, restart to apply"
+                ? t("appUpdate.toast.updateReady")
                : updateInfo.repo_update
                  ? "Update available via package manager"
-                  : "Manual download required"}
+                  : t("appUpdate.toast.manualDownloadRequired")}
            </span>
            <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
              {updateInfo.current_version} → {updateInfo.new_version}
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ export function AppUpdateToast({
              className="flex gap-2 items-center text-xs"
            >
              <LuCheckCheck className="w-3 h-3" />
-              Restart Now
+              {t("appUpdate.toast.restartNow")}
            </RippleButton>
          ) : (
            !updateInfo.repo_update &&
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ export function AppUpdateToast({
                className="flex gap-2 items-center text-xs"
              >
                <FaExternalLinkAlt className="w-3 h-3" />
-                View Release
+                {t("appUpdate.toast.viewRelease")}
              </RippleButton>
            )
          )}
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ export function AppUpdateToast({
            size="sm"
            className="text-xs"
          >
-            Later
+            {t("appUpdate.toast.later")}
          </RippleButton>
        </div>
      </div>
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 "use client";

 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { SharedCamoufoxConfigForm } from "@/components/shared-camoufox-config-form";
 import {
  Dialog,
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ export function CamoufoxConfigDialog({
  isRunning = false,
  crossOsUnlocked = false,
 }: CamoufoxConfigDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  // Use union type to support both Camoufox and Wayfern configs
  const [config, setConfig] = useState<CamoufoxConfig | WayfernConfig>(() => ({
    geoip: true,
@@ -93,9 +95,8 @@ export function CamoufoxConfigDialog({
        JSON.parse(config.fingerprint);
      } catch (_error) {
        const { toast } = await import("sonner");
-        toast.error("Invalid fingerprint configuration", {
-          description:
-            "The fingerprint configuration contains invalid JSON. Please check your advanced settings.",
+        toast.error(t("camoufoxDialog.invalidFingerprint"), {
+          description: t("camoufoxDialog.invalidFingerprintDescription"),
        });
        return;
      }
@@ -112,9 +113,11 @@ export function CamoufoxConfigDialog({
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to save config:", error);
      const { toast } = await import("sonner");
-      toast.error("Failed to save configuration", {
+      toast.error(t("camoufoxDialog.saveFailed"), {
        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Unknown error occurred",
+          error instanceof Error
+            ? error.message
+            : t("camoufoxDialog.unknownError"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsSaving(false);
@@ -149,8 +152,15 @@ export function CamoufoxConfigDialog({
      <DialogContent className="max-w-3xl max-h-[90vh] flex flex-col">
        <DialogHeader className="shrink-0">
          <DialogTitle>
-            {isRunning ? "View" : "Configure"} Fingerprint Settings -{" "}
-            {profile.name} ({browserName})
+            {isRunning
+              ? t("camoufoxDialog.titleView", {
+                  name: profile.name,
+                  browser: browserName,
+                })
+              : t("camoufoxDialog.titleConfigure", {
+                  name: profile.name,
+                  browser: browserName,
+                })}
          </DialogTitle>
        </DialogHeader>

@@ -185,7 +195,7 @@ export function CamoufoxConfigDialog({

        <DialogFooter className="shrink-0 pt-4 border-t">
          <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-            {isRunning ? "Close" : "Cancel"}
+            {isRunning ? t("common.buttons.close") : t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          {!isRunning && (
            <LoadingButton
@@ -193,7 +203,7 @@ export function CamoufoxConfigDialog({
              onClick={handleSave}
              disabled={isSaving}
            >
-              Save
+              {t("common.buttons.save")}
            </LoadingButton>
          )}
        </DialogFooter>
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export function CloneProfileDialog({
      onCloneComplete?.();
    } catch (err: unknown) {
      const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
-      showErrorToast(`Failed to clone profile: ${errorMessage}`);
+      showErrorToast(t("errors.cloneProfileFailed", { error: errorMessage }));
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import {
  Dialog,
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ export function CommercialTrialModal({
  isOpen,
  onClose,
 }: CommercialTrialModalProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [isAcknowledging, setIsAcknowledging] = useState(false);

  const handleAcknowledge = useCallback(async () => {
@@ -31,14 +33,16 @@ export function CommercialTrialModal({
      onClose();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to acknowledge trial expiration:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to save acknowledgment", {
+      showErrorToast(t("commercialTrial.failed"), {
        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Please try again",
+          error instanceof Error
+            ? error.message
+            : t("commercialTrial.tryAgain"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsAcknowledging(false);
    }
-  }, [onClose]);
+  }, [onClose, t]);

  return (
    <Dialog open={isOpen}>
@@ -55,17 +59,15 @@ export function CommercialTrialModal({
        }}
      >
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Commercial Trial Expired</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("commercialTrial.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            Your 2-week commercial trial period has ended.
+            {t("commercialTrial.description")}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4 py-4">
          <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-            If you are using Donut Browser for business purposes, you need to
-            purchase a commercial license to continue. You can still use it for
-            personal use for free.
+            {t("commercialTrial.body")}
          </p>
        </div>

@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ export function CommercialTrialModal({
            onClick={handleAcknowledge}
            isLoading={isAcknowledging}
          >
-            I Understand
+            {t("commercialTrial.understandButton")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import {
  LuChevronDown,
  LuChevronRight,
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
  runningProfiles,
  onCopyComplete,
 }: CookieCopyDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [sourceProfileId, setSourceProfileId] = useState<string | null>(null);
  const [cookieData, setCookieData] = useState<CookieReadResult | null>(null);
  const [isLoadingCookies, setIsLoadingCookies] = useState(false);
@@ -243,10 +245,11 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
      runningProfiles.has(p.id),
    );
    if (runningTargets.length > 0) {
+      const names = runningTargets.map((p) => p.name).join(", ");
      toast.error(
-        `Cannot copy cookies: ${runningTargets.map((p) => p.name).join(", ")} ${
-          runningTargets.length === 1 ? "is" : "are"
-        } still running`,
+        runningTargets.length === 1
+          ? t("cookies.copy.cannotCopyRunningOne", { names })
+          : t("cookies.copy.cannotCopyRunningMany", { names }),
      );
      return;
    }
@@ -277,10 +280,15 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
      }

      if (errors.length > 0) {
-        toast.error(`Some errors occurred: ${errors.join(", ")}`);
+        toast.error(
+          t("cookies.copy.someErrors", { errors: errors.join(", ") }),
+        );
      } else {
        toast.success(
-          `Successfully copied ${totalCopied + totalReplaced} cookies (${totalReplaced} replaced)`,
+          t("cookies.copy.successMessage", {
+            copied: totalCopied + totalReplaced,
+            replaced: totalReplaced,
+          }),
        );
        onCopyComplete?.();
        onClose();
@@ -288,7 +296,9 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to copy cookies:", err);
      toast.error(
-        `Failed to copy cookies: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`,
+        t("cookies.copy.failedMessage", {
+          error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err),
+        }),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsCopying(false);
@@ -300,6 +310,7 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
    buildSelectedCookies,
    onCopyComplete,
    onClose,
+    t,
  ]);

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -325,23 +336,30 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
        <DialogHeader>
          <DialogTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
            <LuCookie className="w-5 h-5" />
-            Copy Cookies
+            {t("cookies.copy.title")}
          </DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            Copy cookies from a source profile to {selectedProfiles.length}{" "}
-            selected profile{selectedProfiles.length !== 1 ? "s" : ""}.
+            {selectedProfiles.length === 1
+              ? t("cookies.copy.dialogDescription_one", {
+                  count: selectedProfiles.length,
+                })
+              : t("cookies.copy.dialogDescription_other", {
+                  count: selectedProfiles.length,
+                })}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto space-y-4">
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Source Profile</Label>
+            <Label>{t("cookies.copy.sourceProfile")}</Label>
            <Select
              value={sourceProfileId ?? undefined}
              onValueChange={handleSourceChange}
            >
              <SelectTrigger>
-                <SelectValue placeholder="Select a profile to copy cookies from" />
+                <SelectValue
+                  placeholder={t("cookies.copy.sourcePlaceholder")}
+                />
              </SelectTrigger>
              <SelectContent>
                {eligibleSourceProfiles.map((profile) => {
@@ -358,7 +376,7 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
                        <span>{profile.name}</span>
                        {isRunning && (
                          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                            (running)
+                            {t("cookies.copy.running")}
                          </span>
                        )}
                      </div>
@@ -370,13 +388,17 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
          </div>

          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Target Profiles ({targetProfiles.length})</Label>
+            <Label>
+              {t("cookies.copy.targetProfiles", {
+                count: targetProfiles.length,
+              })}
+            </Label>
            <div className="p-2 bg-muted rounded-md max-h-20 overflow-y-auto">
              {targetProfiles.length === 0 ? (
                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
                  {sourceProfileId
-                    ? "No other Wayfern/Camoufox profiles selected"
-                    : "Select a source profile first"}
+                    ? t("cookies.copy.noOtherTargets")
+                    : t("cookies.copy.selectSourceFirst")}
                </p>
              ) : (
                <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1">
@@ -388,7 +410,7 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
                      {p.name}
                      {runningProfiles.has(p.id) && (
                        <span className="text-xs text-destructive">
-                          (running)
+                          {t("cookies.copy.running")}
                        </span>
                      )}
                    </span>
@@ -402,11 +424,13 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
            <div className="space-y-2">
              <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                <Label>
-                  Select Cookies{" "}
+                  {t("cookies.copy.selectCookies")}{" "}
                  {cookieData && (
                    <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                      ({selectedCookieCount} of {cookieData.total_count}{" "}
-                      selected)
+                      {t("cookies.copy.selectionStatus", {
+                        selected: selectedCookieCount,
+                        total: cookieData.total_count,
+                      })}
                    </span>
                  )}
                </Label>
@@ -415,7 +439,7 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
              <div className="relative">
                <LuSearch className="absolute left-2 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-4 h-4 text-muted-foreground" />
                <Input
-                  placeholder="Search domains or cookies..."
+                  placeholder={t("cookies.copy.searchPlaceholder")}
                  value={searchQuery}
                  onChange={(e) => {
                    setSearchQuery(e.target.value);
@@ -435,8 +459,8 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
              ) : filteredDomains.length === 0 ? (
                <div className="p-4 text-center text-muted-foreground">
                  {searchQuery
-                    ? "No matching cookies found"
-                    : "No cookies found"}
+                    ? t("cookies.copy.noMatching")
+                    : t("cookies.copy.noFound")}
                </div>
              ) : (
                <ScrollArea className="h-[250px] border rounded-md">
@@ -457,8 +481,7 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
              )}

              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Existing cookies with the same name and domain will be replaced.
-                Other cookies will be kept.
+                {t("cookies.copy.replaceNote")}
              </p>
            </div>
          )}
@@ -470,15 +493,22 @@ export function CookieCopyDialog({
            onClick={onClose}
            disabled={isCopying}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            isLoading={isCopying}
            onClick={() => void handleCopy()}
            disabled={!canCopy}
          >
-            Copy {selectedCookieCount > 0 ? `${selectedCookieCount} ` : ""}
-            Cookie{selectedCookieCount !== 1 ? "s" : ""}
+            {selectedCookieCount === 0
+              ? t("cookies.copy.copyButtonEmpty")
+              : selectedCookieCount === 1
+                ? t("cookies.copy.copyButton_one", {
+                    count: selectedCookieCount,
+                  })
+                : t("cookies.copy.copyButton_other", {
+                    count: selectedCookieCount,
+                  })}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { save } from "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog";
 import { writeTextFile } from "@tauri-apps/plugin-fs";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuChevronDown, LuChevronRight, LuUpload } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
@@ -122,6 +123,7 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
  profile,
  initialTab = "import",
 }: CookieManagementDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  // Import state
  const [fileContent, setFileContent] = useState<string | null>(null);
  const [fileName, setFileName] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -171,13 +173,15 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
        setExportSelection(initSelectionFromCookieData(result));
      } catch (err) {
        toast.error(
-          `Failed to load cookies: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`,
+          t("cookies.management.loadFailed", {
+            error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err),
+          }),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoadingExportCookies(false);
      }
    },
-    [exportCookieData],
+    [exportCookieData, t],
  );

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -220,19 +224,22 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
    [resetImportState, resetExportState],
  );

-  const handleFileRead = useCallback((file: File) => {
-    const reader = new FileReader();
-    reader.onload = (e) => {
-      const content = e.target?.result as string;
-      setFileContent(content);
-      setFileName(file.name);
-      setCookieCount(countCookies(content));
-    };
-    reader.onerror = () => {
-      toast.error("Failed to read file");
-    };
-    reader.readAsText(file);
-  }, []);
+  const handleFileRead = useCallback(
+    (file: File) => {
+      const reader = new FileReader();
+      reader.onload = (e) => {
+        const content = e.target?.result as string;
+        setFileContent(content);
+        setFileName(file.name);
+        setCookieCount(countCookies(content));
+      };
+      reader.onerror = () => {
+        toast.error(t("cookies.management.fileReadError"));
+      };
+      reader.readAsText(file);
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const handleImport = useCallback(async () => {
    if (!fileContent || !profile) return;
@@ -297,14 +304,14 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
      }

      await writeTextFile(filePath, content);
-      toast.success("Cookies exported successfully");
+      toast.success(t("cookies.export.success"));
      handleClose();
    } catch (error) {
      toast.error(error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error));
    } finally {
      setIsExporting(false);
    }
-  }, [profile, format, getSelectedCookies, handleClose]);
+  }, [profile, format, getSelectedCookies, handleClose, t]);

  const toggleDomain = useCallback(
    (domain: string, cookies: UnifiedCookie[]) => {
@@ -385,7 +392,7 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Cookie Management</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("cookies.management.title")}</DialogTitle>
        </DialogHeader>

        <Tabs
@@ -394,15 +401,19 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
          className="w-full"
        >
          <TabsList className="grid w-full grid-cols-2">
-            <TabsTrigger value="import">Import</TabsTrigger>
-            <TabsTrigger value="export">Export</TabsTrigger>
+            <TabsTrigger value="import">
+              {t("cookies.management.tabImport")}
+            </TabsTrigger>
+            <TabsTrigger value="export">
+              {t("cookies.management.tabExport")}
+            </TabsTrigger>
          </TabsList>

          <TabsContent value="import" className="space-y-4 mt-4">
            {!fileContent && (
              <div className="space-y-4">
                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                  Import cookies from a Netscape or JSON format file.
+                  {t("cookies.management.importDescription")}
                </p>
                <div
                  role="button"
@@ -420,9 +431,11 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
                >
                  <LuUpload className="w-10 h-10 text-muted-foreground mb-4" />
                  <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground text-center">
-                    Click to choose a cookie file
+                    {t("cookies.management.dropPrompt")}
                    <br />
-                    <span className="text-xs">(.txt, .cookies, or .json)</span>
+                    <span className="text-xs">
+                      {t("cookies.management.fileFormats")}
+                    </span>
                  </p>
                  <input
                    id="cookie-file-input"
@@ -445,20 +458,22 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
                  <div>
                    <div className="font-medium">{fileName}</div>
                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      {cookieCount} cookies found
+                      {t("cookies.management.cookiesFound", {
+                        count: cookieCount,
+                      })}
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
                  <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={resetImportState}>
-                    Back
+                    {t("cookies.management.backButton")}
                  </RippleButton>
                  <LoadingButton
                    isLoading={isImporting}
                    onClick={() => void handleImport()}
                    disabled={cookieCount === 0}
                  >
-                    Import
+                    {t("cookies.management.importButton")}
                  </LoadingButton>
                </div>
              </div>
@@ -468,17 +483,23 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
              <div className="space-y-4">
                <div className="p-4 rounded-lg bg-success/10">
                  <div className="font-medium text-success">
-                    Successfully imported {importResult.cookies_imported}{" "}
-                    cookies ({importResult.cookies_replaced} replaced)
+                    {t("cookies.management.importedSuccess", {
+                      imported: importResult.cookies_imported,
+                      replaced: importResult.cookies_replaced,
+                    })}
                  </div>
                  {importResult.errors.length > 0 && (
                    <div className="mt-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      {importResult.errors.length} line(s) skipped
+                      {t("cookies.management.linesSkipped", {
+                        count: importResult.errors.length,
+                      })}
                    </div>
                  )}
                </div>
                <div className="flex justify-end">
-                  <RippleButton onClick={handleClose}>Done</RippleButton>
+                  <RippleButton onClick={handleClose}>
+                    {t("cookies.management.doneButton")}
+                  </RippleButton>
                </div>
              </div>
            )}
@@ -486,7 +507,7 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({

          <TabsContent value="export" className="space-y-3 mt-4">
            <div className="space-y-2">
-              <Label>Format</Label>
+              <Label>{t("cookies.export.formatLabel")}</Label>
              <Select
                value={format}
                onValueChange={(v) => {
@@ -497,8 +518,12 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
                  <SelectValue />
                </SelectTrigger>
                <SelectContent>
-                  <SelectItem value="json">JSON</SelectItem>
-                  <SelectItem value="netscape">Netscape TXT</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="json">
+                    {t("cookies.export.json")}
+                  </SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="netscape">
+                    {t("cookies.export.netscape")}
+                  </SelectItem>
                </SelectContent>
              </Select>
            </div>
@@ -506,11 +531,13 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
            <div className="space-y-2">
              <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                <Label>
-                  Cookies{" "}
+                  {t("cookies.management.cookiesLabel")}{" "}
                  {exportCookieData && (
                    <span className="text-muted-foreground font-normal">
-                      ({selectedExportCount} of {exportCookieData.total_count}{" "}
-                      selected)
+                      {t("cookies.management.selectionStatus", {
+                        selected: selectedExportCount,
+                        total: exportCookieData.total_count,
+                      })}
                    </span>
                  )}
                </Label>
@@ -521,8 +548,8 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
                    onClick={toggleSelectAll}
                  >
                    {selectedExportCount === exportCookieData.total_count
-                      ? "Deselect all"
-                      : "Select all"}
+                      ? t("cookies.management.deselectAll")
+                      : t("cookies.management.selectAll")}
                  </button>
                )}
              </div>
@@ -533,7 +560,7 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({
                </div>
              ) : !exportCookieData || exportCookieData.domains.length === 0 ? (
                <div className="p-4 text-center text-sm text-muted-foreground border rounded-md">
-                  No cookies found in this profile
+                  {t("cookies.management.noCookies")}
                </div>
              ) : (
                <ScrollArea className="h-[200px] border rounded-md">
@@ -556,14 +583,14 @@ export function CookieManagementDialog({

            <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
              <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-                Cancel
+                {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
              </RippleButton>
              <LoadingButton
                isLoading={isExporting}
                onClick={() => void handleExport()}
                disabled={selectedExportCount === 0}
              >
-                Export
+                {t("cookies.management.exportButton")}
              </LoadingButton>
            </div>
          </TabsContent>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import {
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ export function CreateGroupDialog({
  onClose,
  onGroupCreated,
 }: CreateGroupDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [groupName, setGroupName] = useState("");
  const [isCreating, setIsCreating] = useState(false);
  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -42,20 +44,20 @@ export function CreateGroupDialog({
        name: groupName.trim(),
      });

-      toast.success("Group created successfully");
+      toast.success(t("groups.createSuccess"));
      onGroupCreated(newGroup);
      setGroupName("");
      onClose();
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to create group:", err);
      const errorMessage =
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to create group";
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("groups.createFailed");
      setError(errorMessage);
      toast.error(errorMessage);
    } finally {
      setIsCreating(false);
    }
-  }, [groupName, onGroupCreated, onClose]);
+  }, [groupName, onGroupCreated, onClose, t]);

  const handleClose = useCallback(() => {
    setGroupName("");
@@ -67,18 +69,16 @@ export function CreateGroupDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Create New Group</DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription>
-            Create a new group to organize your browser profiles.
-          </DialogDescription>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("groups.createTitle")}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>{t("groups.createDescription")}</DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4">
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="group-name">Group Name</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="group-name">{t("groups.form.name")}</Label>
            <Input
              id="group-name"
-              placeholder="Enter group name..."
+              placeholder={t("groups.form.namePlaceholder")}
              value={groupName}
              onChange={(e) => {
                setGroupName(e.target.value);
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@ export function CreateGroupDialog({
            onClick={handleClose}
            disabled={isCreating}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            isLoading={isCreating}
            onClick={() => void handleCreate()}
            disabled={!groupName.trim()}
          >
-            Create
+            {t("common.buttons.create")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -625,10 +625,10 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                      <div className="space-y-6">
                        <div className="text-center">
                          <h3 className="text-lg font-medium">
-                            Regular Browsers
+                            {t("createProfile.regular.title")}
                          </h3>
                          <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                            Choose from supported regular browsers
+                            {t("createProfile.regular.description")}
                          </p>
                        </div>

@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                    {browser.label}
                                  </div>
                                  <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                    Regular Browser
+                                    {t("createProfile.regular.badge")}
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </Button>
@@ -672,7 +672,9 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                      <div className="space-y-6">
                        {/* Profile Name */}
                        <div className="space-y-2">
-                          <Label htmlFor="profile-name">Profile Name</Label>
+                          <Label htmlFor="profile-name">
+                            {t("createProfile.profileName")}
+                          </Label>
                          <Input
                            id="profile-name"
                            value={profileName}
@@ -688,7 +690,9 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                void handleCreate();
                              }
                            }}
-                            placeholder="Enter profile name"
+                            placeholder={t(
+                              "createProfile.profileNamePlaceholder",
+                            )}
                          />
                        </div>

@@ -722,7 +726,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 rounded-md border">
                                <div className="w-4 h-4 rounded-full border-2 animate-spin border-muted/40 border-t-primary" />
                                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                  Fetching available versions...
+                                  {t("createProfile.version.fetching")}
                                </p>
                              </div>
                            )}
@@ -739,7 +743,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                  size="sm"
                                  variant="outline"
                                >
-                                  Retry
+                                  {t("common.buttons.retry")}
                                </RippleButton>
                              </div>
                            )}
@@ -748,8 +752,9 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              !getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern") && (
                                <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 rounded-md border border-warning/50 bg-warning/10">
                                  <p className="text-sm text-warning">
-                                    Wayfern is not available on your platform
-                                    yet.
+                                    {t("createProfile.platformUnavailable", {
+                                      browser: "Wayfern",
+                                    })}
                                  </p>
                                </div>
                              )}
@@ -760,11 +765,12 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern") && (
                                <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 rounded-md border">
                                  <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                    {(() => {
-                                      const bestVersion =
-                                        getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern");
-                                      return `Wayfern version (${bestVersion?.version}) needs to be downloaded`;
-                                    })()}
+                                    {t("createProfile.version.needsDownload", {
+                                      browser: "Wayfern",
+                                      version:
+                                        getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern")
+                                          ?.version,
+                                    })}
                                  </p>
                                  <LoadingButton
                                    onClick={() => {
@@ -779,8 +785,8 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                    )}
                                  >
                                    {isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading("wayfern")
-                                      ? "Downloading..."
-                                      : "Download"}
+                                      ? t("common.buttons.downloading")
+                                      : t("common.buttons.download")}
                                  </LoadingButton>
                                </div>
                              )}
@@ -789,20 +795,22 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              !isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading("wayfern") &&
                              isBrowserVersionAvailable("wayfern") && (
                                <div className="p-3 text-sm rounded-md border text-muted-foreground">
-                                  {(() => {
-                                    const bestVersion =
-                                      getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern");
-                                    return `✓ Wayfern version (${bestVersion?.version}) is available`;
-                                  })()}
+                                  ✓{" "}
+                                  {t("createProfile.version.available", {
+                                    browser: "Wayfern",
+                                    version:
+                                      getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern")
+                                        ?.version,
+                                  })}
                                </div>
                              )}
                            {isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading("wayfern") && (
                              <div className="p-3 text-sm rounded-md border text-muted-foreground">
-                                {(() => {
-                                  const bestVersion =
-                                    getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern");
-                                  return `Downloading Wayfern version (${bestVersion?.version})...`;
-                                })()}
+                                {t("createProfile.version.downloading", {
+                                  browser: "Wayfern",
+                                  version:
+                                    getBestAvailableVersion("wayfern")?.version,
+                                })}
                              </div>
                            )}

@@ -826,7 +834,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 rounded-md border">
                                <div className="w-4 h-4 rounded-full border-2 animate-spin border-muted/40 border-t-primary" />
                                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                  Fetching available versions...
+                                  {t("createProfile.version.fetching")}
                                </p>
                              </div>
                            )}
@@ -843,7 +851,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                  size="sm"
                                  variant="outline"
                                >
-                                  Retry
+                                  {t("common.buttons.retry")}
                                </RippleButton>
                              </div>
                            )}
@@ -852,8 +860,9 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              !getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox") && (
                                <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 rounded-md border border-warning/50 bg-warning/10">
                                  <p className="text-sm text-warning">
-                                    Camoufox is not available on your platform
-                                    yet.
+                                    {t("createProfile.platformUnavailable", {
+                                      browser: "Camoufox",
+                                    })}
                                  </p>
                                </div>
                              )}
@@ -864,11 +873,12 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox") && (
                                <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 rounded-md border">
                                  <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                    {(() => {
-                                      const bestVersion =
-                                        getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox");
-                                      return `Camoufox version (${bestVersion?.version}) needs to be downloaded`;
-                                    })()}
+                                    {t("createProfile.version.needsDownload", {
+                                      browser: "Camoufox",
+                                      version:
+                                        getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox")
+                                          ?.version,
+                                    })}
                                  </p>
                                  <LoadingButton
                                    onClick={() => {
@@ -883,8 +893,8 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                    )}
                                  >
                                    {isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading("camoufox")
-                                      ? "Downloading..."
-                                      : "Download"}
+                                      ? t("common.buttons.downloading")
+                                      : t("common.buttons.download")}
                                  </LoadingButton>
                                </div>
                              )}
@@ -893,20 +903,23 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              !isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading("camoufox") &&
                              isBrowserVersionAvailable("camoufox") && (
                                <div className="p-3 text-sm rounded-md border text-muted-foreground">
-                                  {(() => {
-                                    const bestVersion =
-                                      getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox");
-                                    return `✓ Camoufox version (${bestVersion?.version}) is available`;
-                                  })()}
+                                  ✓{" "}
+                                  {t("createProfile.version.available", {
+                                    browser: "Camoufox",
+                                    version:
+                                      getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox")
+                                        ?.version,
+                                  })}
                                </div>
                              )}
                            {isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading("camoufox") && (
                              <div className="p-3 text-sm rounded-md border text-muted-foreground">
-                                {(() => {
-                                  const bestVersion =
-                                    getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox");
-                                  return `Downloading Camoufox version (${bestVersion?.version})...`;
-                                })()}
+                                {t("createProfile.version.downloading", {
+                                  browser: "Camoufox",
+                                  version:
+                                    getBestAvailableVersion("camoufox")
+                                      ?.version,
+                                })}
                              </div>
                            )}

@@ -940,7 +953,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                  <div className="flex gap-3 items-center">
                                    <div className="w-4 h-4 rounded-full border-2 animate-spin border-muted/40 border-t-primary" />
                                    <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                      Fetching available versions...
+                                      {t("createProfile.version.fetching")}
                                    </p>
                                  </div>
                                )}
@@ -971,13 +984,15 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                  getBestAvailableVersion(selectedBrowser) && (
                                    <div className="flex gap-3 items-center">
                                      <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                        {(() => {
-                                          const bestVersion =
-                                            getBestAvailableVersion(
-                                              selectedBrowser,
-                                            );
-                                          return `Latest version (${bestVersion?.version}) needs to be downloaded`;
-                                        })()}
+                                        {t(
+                                          "createProfile.version.latestNeedsDownload",
+                                          {
+                                            version:
+                                              getBestAvailableVersion(
+                                                selectedBrowser,
+                                              )?.version,
+                                          },
+                                        )}
                                      </p>
                                      <LoadingButton
                                        onClick={() => {
@@ -992,7 +1007,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                          selectedBrowser,
                                        )}
                                      >
-                                        Download
+                                        {t("common.buttons.download")}
                                      </LoadingButton>
                                    </div>
                                  )}
@@ -1005,26 +1020,31 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                    selectedBrowser,
                                  ) && (
                                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                      {(() => {
-                                        const bestVersion =
-                                          getBestAvailableVersion(
-                                            selectedBrowser,
-                                          );
-                                        return `✓ Latest version (${bestVersion?.version}) is available`;
-                                      })()}
+                                      ✓{" "}
+                                      {t(
+                                        "createProfile.version.latestAvailable",
+                                        {
+                                          version:
+                                            getBestAvailableVersion(
+                                              selectedBrowser,
+                                            )?.version,
+                                        },
+                                      )}
                                    </div>
                                  )}
                                {isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading(
                                  selectedBrowser,
                                ) && (
                                  <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                    {(() => {
-                                      const bestVersion =
-                                        getBestAvailableVersion(
-                                          selectedBrowser,
-                                        );
-                                      return `Downloading version (${bestVersion?.version})...`;
-                                    })()}
+                                    {t(
+                                      "createProfile.version.latestDownloading",
+                                      {
+                                        version:
+                                          getBestAvailableVersion(
+                                            selectedBrowser,
+                                          )?.version,
+                                      },
+                                    )}
                                  </div>
                                )}
                              </div>
@@ -1035,7 +1055,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                        {/* Proxy / VPN Selection - Always visible */}
                        <div className="space-y-3">
                          <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
-                            <Label>Proxy / VPN</Label>
+                            <Label>{t("createProfile.proxy.title")}</Label>
                            <RippleButton
                              size="sm"
                              variant="outline"
@@ -1044,7 +1064,8 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              }}
                              className="px-2 h-7 text-xs"
                            >
-                              <GoPlus className="mr-1 w-3 h-3" /> Add Proxy
+                              <GoPlus className="mr-1 w-3 h-3" />{" "}
+                              {t("createProfile.proxy.addProxy")}
                            </RippleButton>
                          </div>
                          {storedProxies.length > 0 || vpnConfigs.length > 0 ? (
@@ -1061,20 +1082,23 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                >
                                  {(() => {
                                    if (!selectedProxyId)
-                                      return "No proxy / VPN";
+                                      return t("createProfile.proxy.noProxy");
                                    if (selectedProxyId.startsWith("vpn-")) {
                                      const vpn = vpnConfigs.find(
                                        (v) =>
                                          v.id === selectedProxyId.slice(4),
                                      );
                                      return vpn
-                                        ? `${vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard" ? "WG" : "OVPN"} — ${vpn.name}`
-                                        : "No proxy / VPN";
+                                        ? `WG — ${vpn.name}`
+                                        : t("createProfile.proxy.noProxy");
                                    }
                                    const proxy = storedProxies.find(
                                      (p) => p.id === selectedProxyId,
                                    );
-                                    return proxy?.name ?? "No proxy / VPN";
+                                    return (
+                                      proxy?.name ??
+                                      t("createProfile.proxy.noProxy")
+                                    );
                                  })()}
                                  <LuChevronsUpDown className="ml-2 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 opacity-50" />
                                </Button>
@@ -1084,10 +1108,14 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                sideOffset={8}
                              >
                                <Command>
-                                  <CommandInput placeholder="Search proxies or VPNs..." />
+                                  <CommandInput
+                                    placeholder={t(
+                                      "createProfile.proxy.search",
+                                    )}
+                                  />
                                  <CommandList>
                                    <CommandEmpty>
-                                      No proxies or VPNs found.
+                                      {t("createProfile.proxy.notFound")}
                                    </CommandEmpty>
                                    <CommandGroup>
                                      <CommandItem
@@ -1105,7 +1133,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                              : "opacity-0",
                                          )}
                                        />
-                                        None
+                                        {t("common.labels.none")}
                                      </CommandItem>
                                      {storedProxies.map((proxy) => (
                                        <CommandItem
@@ -1154,9 +1182,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                              variant="outline"
                                              className="text-[10px] px-1 py-0 leading-tight mr-1"
                                            >
-                                              {vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard"
-                                                ? "WG"
-                                                : "OVPN"}
+                                              WG
                                            </Badge>
                                            {vpn.name}
                                          </CommandItem>
@@ -1169,8 +1195,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                            </Popover>
                          ) : (
                            <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 text-sm rounded-md border text-muted-foreground">
-                              No proxies or VPNs available. Add one to route
-                              this profile's traffic.
+                              {t("createProfile.proxy.noProxiesAvailable")}
                            </div>
                          )}
                        </div>
@@ -1267,7 +1292,9 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                      <div className="space-y-6">
                        {/* Profile Name */}
                        <div className="space-y-2">
-                          <Label htmlFor="profile-name">Profile Name</Label>
+                          <Label htmlFor="profile-name">
+                            {t("createProfile.profileName")}
+                          </Label>
                          <Input
                            id="profile-name"
                            value={profileName}
@@ -1283,7 +1310,9 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                void handleCreate();
                              }
                            }}
-                            placeholder="Enter profile name"
+                            placeholder={t(
+                              "createProfile.profileNamePlaceholder",
+                            )}
                          />
                        </div>

@@ -1312,7 +1341,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                    size="sm"
                                    variant="outline"
                                  >
-                                    Retry
+                                    {t("common.buttons.retry")}
                                  </RippleButton>
                                </div>
                              )}
@@ -1325,13 +1354,15 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                getBestAvailableVersion(selectedBrowser) && (
                                  <div className="flex gap-3 items-center">
                                    <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                      {(() => {
-                                        const bestVersion =
-                                          getBestAvailableVersion(
-                                            selectedBrowser,
-                                          );
-                                        return `Latest version (${bestVersion?.version}) needs to be downloaded`;
-                                      })()}
+                                      {t(
+                                        "createProfile.version.latestNeedsDownload",
+                                        {
+                                          version:
+                                            getBestAvailableVersion(
+                                              selectedBrowser,
+                                            )?.version,
+                                        },
+                                      )}
                                    </p>
                                    <LoadingButton
                                      onClick={() => {
@@ -1346,7 +1377,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                        selectedBrowser,
                                      )}
                                    >
-                                      Download
+                                      {t("common.buttons.download")}
                                    </LoadingButton>
                                  </div>
                                )}
@@ -1357,24 +1388,30 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                ) &&
                                isBrowserVersionAvailable(selectedBrowser) && (
                                  <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                    {(() => {
-                                      const bestVersion =
-                                        getBestAvailableVersion(
-                                          selectedBrowser,
-                                        );
-                                      return `✓ Latest version (${bestVersion?.version}) is available`;
-                                    })()}
+                                    ✓{" "}
+                                    {t(
+                                      "createProfile.version.latestAvailable",
+                                      {
+                                        version:
+                                          getBestAvailableVersion(
+                                            selectedBrowser,
+                                          )?.version,
+                                      },
+                                    )}
                                  </div>
                                )}
                              {isBrowserCurrentlyDownloading(
                                selectedBrowser,
                              ) && (
                                <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                  {(() => {
-                                    const bestVersion =
-                                      getBestAvailableVersion(selectedBrowser);
-                                    return `Downloading version (${bestVersion?.version})...`;
-                                  })()}
+                                  {t(
+                                    "createProfile.version.latestDownloading",
+                                    {
+                                      version:
+                                        getBestAvailableVersion(selectedBrowser)
+                                          ?.version,
+                                    },
+                                  )}
                                </div>
                              )}
                            </div>
@@ -1384,7 +1421,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                        {/* Proxy / VPN Selection - Always visible */}
                        <div className="space-y-3">
                          <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
-                            <Label>Proxy / VPN</Label>
+                            <Label>{t("createProfile.proxy.title")}</Label>
                            <RippleButton
                              size="sm"
                              variant="outline"
@@ -1393,7 +1430,8 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                              }}
                              className="px-2 h-7 text-xs"
                            >
-                              <GoPlus className="mr-1 w-3 h-3" /> Add Proxy
+                              <GoPlus className="mr-1 w-3 h-3" />{" "}
+                              {t("createProfile.proxy.addProxy")}
                            </RippleButton>
                          </div>
                          {storedProxies.length > 0 || vpnConfigs.length > 0 ? (
@@ -1410,20 +1448,23 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                >
                                  {(() => {
                                    if (!selectedProxyId)
-                                      return "No proxy / VPN";
+                                      return t("createProfile.proxy.noProxy");
                                    if (selectedProxyId.startsWith("vpn-")) {
                                      const vpn = vpnConfigs.find(
                                        (v) =>
                                          v.id === selectedProxyId.slice(4),
                                      );
                                      return vpn
-                                        ? `${vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard" ? "WG" : "OVPN"} — ${vpn.name}`
-                                        : "No proxy / VPN";
+                                        ? `WG — ${vpn.name}`
+                                        : t("createProfile.proxy.noProxy");
                                    }
                                    const proxy = storedProxies.find(
                                      (p) => p.id === selectedProxyId,
                                    );
-                                    return proxy?.name ?? "No proxy / VPN";
+                                    return (
+                                      proxy?.name ??
+                                      t("createProfile.proxy.noProxy")
+                                    );
                                  })()}
                                  <LuChevronsUpDown className="ml-2 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 opacity-50" />
                                </Button>
@@ -1433,10 +1474,14 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                sideOffset={8}
                              >
                                <Command>
-                                  <CommandInput placeholder="Search proxies or VPNs..." />
+                                  <CommandInput
+                                    placeholder={t(
+                                      "createProfile.proxy.search",
+                                    )}
+                                  />
                                  <CommandList>
                                    <CommandEmpty>
-                                      No proxies or VPNs found.
+                                      {t("createProfile.proxy.notFound")}
                                    </CommandEmpty>
                                    <CommandGroup>
                                      <CommandItem
@@ -1454,7 +1499,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                              : "opacity-0",
                                          )}
                                        />
-                                        None
+                                        {t("common.labels.none")}
                                      </CommandItem>
                                      {storedProxies.map((proxy) => (
                                        <CommandItem
@@ -1503,9 +1548,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                                              variant="outline"
                                              className="text-[10px] px-1 py-0 leading-tight mr-1"
                                            >
-                                              {vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard"
-                                                ? "WG"
-                                                : "OVPN"}
+                                              WG
                                            </Badge>
                                            {vpn.name}
                                          </CommandItem>
@@ -1518,8 +1561,7 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
                            </Popover>
                          ) : (
                            <div className="flex gap-3 items-center p-3 text-sm rounded-md border text-muted-foreground">
-                              No proxies or VPNs available. Add one to route
-                              this profile's traffic.
+                              {t("createProfile.proxy.noProxiesAvailable")}
                            </div>
                          )}
                        </div>
@@ -1553,19 +1595,19 @@ export function CreateProfileDialog({
          {currentStep === "browser-config" ? (
            <>
              <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleBack}>
-                Back
+                {t("common.buttons.back")}
              </RippleButton>
              <LoadingButton
                onClick={handleCreate}
                isLoading={isCreating}
                disabled={isCreateDisabled}
              >
-                Create
+                {t("common.buttons.create")}
              </LoadingButton>
            </>
          ) : (
            <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-              Cancel
+              {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
            </RippleButton>
          )}
        </DialogFooter>
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 */
 /** biome-ignore-all lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: TODO */

+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import {
  LuCheckCheck,
  LuDownload,
@@ -214,6 +215,7 @@ function getToastIcon(type: ToastProps["type"], stage?: string) {
 }

 export function UnifiedToast(props: ToastProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const { title, description, type, action, onCancel } = props;
  const stage = "stage" in props ? props.stage : undefined;
  const progress = "progress" in props ? props.progress : undefined;
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ export function UnifiedToast(props: ToastProps) {
              type="button"
              onClick={onCancel}
              className="ml-2 p-1 rounded hover:bg-muted text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors flex-shrink-0"
-              aria-label="Cancel"
+              aria-label={t("common.buttons.cancel")}
            >
              <LuX className="w-3 h-3" />
            </button>
@@ -292,7 +294,9 @@ export function UnifiedToast(props: ToastProps) {
          "completed_files" in progress && (
            <div className="mt-1">
              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                {progress.phase === "uploading" ? "Uploading" : "Downloading"}{" "}
+                {progress.phase === "uploading"
+                  ? t("appUpdate.toast.uploading")
+                  : t("appUpdate.toast.downloading")}{" "}
                {progress.completed_files}/{progress.total_files} files
                {" \u2022 "}
                {formatBytesCompact(progress.completed_bytes)} /{" "}
@@ -347,17 +351,17 @@ export function UnifiedToast(props: ToastProps) {
          <>
            {stage === "extracting" && (
              <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Extracting browser files... Please do not close the app.
+                {t("browserDownload.toast.extracting")}
              </p>
            )}
            {stage === "verifying" && (
              <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Verifying browser files...
+                {t("browserDownload.toast.verifying")}
              </p>
            )}
            {stage === "downloading (twilight rolling release)" && (
              <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Downloading rolling release build...
+                {t("browserDownload.toast.downloadingRolling")}
              </p>
            )}
          </>
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { Table } from "@tanstack/react-table";
 import { AnimatePresence, motion } from "motion/react";
 import * as React from "react";
 import * as ReactDOM from "react-dom";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuX } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import {
@@ -134,6 +135,7 @@ interface DataTableActionBarSelectionProps<TData> {
 function DataTableActionBarSelection<TData>({
  table,
 }: DataTableActionBarSelectionProps<TData>) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const onClearSelection = React.useCallback(() => {
    table.toggleAllRowsSelected(false);
  }, [table]);
@@ -141,7 +143,9 @@ function DataTableActionBarSelection<TData>({
  return (
    <div className="flex h-7 items-center rounded-md border pr-1 pl-2.5">
      <span className="whitespace-nowrap text-xs">
-        {table.getFilteredSelectedRowModel().rows.length} selected
+        {t("dataTableActionBar.selected", {
+          count: table.getFilteredSelectedRowModel().rows.length,
+        })}
      </span>
      <div className="mr-1 ml-2 h-4 w-px bg-border" />
      <Tooltip>
@@ -159,9 +163,9 @@ function DataTableActionBarSelection<TData>({
          sideOffset={10}
          className="flex items-center gap-2 border bg-accent px-2 py-1 font-semibold text-foreground dark:bg-card [&>span]:hidden"
        >
-          <p>Clear selection</p>
+          <p>{t("dataTableActionBar.clearSelection")}</p>
          <kbd className="select-none rounded border bg-background px-1.5 py-px font-mono font-normal text-[0.7rem] text-foreground shadow-xs">
-            <abbr title="Escape" className="no-underline">
+            <abbr title={t("common.keys.escape")} className="no-underline">
              Esc
            </abbr>
          </kbd>
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 "use client";

+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import {
  Dialog,
  DialogContent,
@@ -29,11 +30,12 @@ export function DeleteConfirmationDialog({
  onConfirm,
  title,
  description,
-  confirmButtonText = "Delete",
+  confirmButtonText,
  isLoading = false,
  profileIds,
  profiles = [],
 }: DeleteConfirmationDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const handleConfirm = async () => {
    await onConfirm();
  };
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ export function DeleteConfirmationDialog({
          {profileIds && profileIds.length > 0 && (
            <div className="mt-4">
              <p className="text-sm font-medium mb-2">
-                Profiles to be deleted:
+                {t("deleteDialog.profilesToDelete")}
              </p>
              <div className="bg-muted rounded-md p-3 max-h-32 overflow-y-auto">
                <ul className="space-y-1">
@@ -71,14 +73,14 @@ export function DeleteConfirmationDialog({
            onClick={onClose}
            disabled={isLoading}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            variant="destructive"
            onClick={() => void handleConfirm()}
            isLoading={isLoading}
          >
-            {confirmButtonText}
+            {confirmButtonText ?? t("common.buttons.delete")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -56,11 +56,13 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
      setAssociatedProfiles(groupProfiles);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to load associated profiles:", err);
-      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to load profiles");
+      setError(
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("groups.loadProfilesFailed"),
+      );
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
-  }, [group]);
+  }, [group, t]);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (isOpen && group) {
@@ -90,19 +92,19 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
      // Delete the group
      await invoke("delete_profile_group", { groupId: group.id });

-      toast.success("Group deleted successfully");
+      toast.success(t("groups.deleteSuccess"));
      onGroupDeleted();
      onClose();
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to delete group:", err);
      const errorMessage =
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to delete group";
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("groups.deleteFailed");
      setError(errorMessage);
      toast.error(errorMessage);
    } finally {
      setIsDeleting(false);
    }
-  }, [group, deleteAction, associatedProfiles, onGroupDeleted, onClose]);
+  }, [group, deleteAction, associatedProfiles, onGroupDeleted, onClose, t]);

  const handleClose = useCallback(() => {
    setError(null);
@@ -115,17 +117,14 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Delete Group</DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription>
-            This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the group
-            "{group?.name}".
-          </DialogDescription>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("groups.deleteTitle")}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>{t("groups.deleteDescription")}</DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4">
          {isLoading ? (
            <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-              Loading associated profiles...
+              {t("groups.loadingProfiles")}
            </div>
          ) : (
            <>
@@ -133,7 +132,9 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
                <div className="space-y-3">
                  <div className="space-y-2">
                    <Label>
-                      Associated Profiles ({associatedProfiles.length})
+                      {t("groups.associatedProfiles", {
+                        count: associatedProfiles.length,
+                      })}
                    </Label>
                    <ScrollArea className="h-32 w-full border rounded-md p-3">
                      <div className="space-y-1">
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
                  </div>

                  <div className="space-y-3">
-                    <Label>What should happen to these profiles?</Label>
+                    <Label>{t("groups.whatToDoWithProfiles")}</Label>
                    <RadioGroup
                      value={deleteAction}
                      onValueChange={(value) => {
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
                          htmlFor="delete"
                          className="text-sm text-destructive"
                        >
-                          Delete profiles along with the group
+                          {t("groups.deleteAlongWithGroup")}
                        </Label>
                      </div>
                    </RadioGroup>
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({

              {associatedProfiles.length === 0 && !isLoading && (
                <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                  This group has no associated profiles.
+                  {t("groups.noAssociatedProfiles")}
                </div>
              )}
            </>
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
            onClick={handleClose}
            disabled={isDeleting}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            variant="destructive"
@@ -203,10 +204,9 @@ export function DeleteGroupDialog({
            onClick={() => void handleDelete()}
            disabled={isLoading}
          >
-            Delete Group
-            {deleteAction === "delete" &&
-              associatedProfiles.length > 0 &&
-              " & Profiles"}
+            {deleteAction === "delete" && associatedProfiles.length > 0
+              ? t("groups.deleteGroupAndProfiles")
+              : t("groups.deleteGroup")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import {
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ export function EditGroupDialog({
  group,
  onGroupUpdated,
 }: EditGroupDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [groupName, setGroupName] = useState("");
  const [isUpdating, setIsUpdating] = useState(false);
  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -54,19 +56,19 @@ export function EditGroupDialog({
        name: groupName.trim(),
      });

-      toast.success("Group updated successfully");
+      toast.success(t("groups.updateSuccess"));
      onGroupUpdated(updatedGroup);
      onClose();
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to update group:", err);
      const errorMessage =
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to update group";
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("groups.updateFailed");
      setError(errorMessage);
      toast.error(errorMessage);
    } finally {
      setIsUpdating(false);
    }
-  }, [group, groupName, onGroupUpdated, onClose]);
+  }, [group, groupName, onGroupUpdated, onClose, t]);

  const handleClose = useCallback(() => {
    setError(null);
@@ -77,18 +79,16 @@ export function EditGroupDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Edit Group</DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription>
-            Update the name of the group "{group?.name}".
-          </DialogDescription>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("groups.editTitle")}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>{t("groups.editDescription")}</DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4">
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="group-name">Group Name</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="group-name">{t("groups.form.name")}</Label>
            <Input
              id="group-name"
-              placeholder="Enter group name..."
+              placeholder={t("groups.form.namePlaceholder")}
              value={groupName}
              onChange={(e) => {
                setGroupName(e.target.value);
@@ -115,14 +115,14 @@ export function EditGroupDialog({
            onClick={handleClose}
            disabled={isUpdating}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            isLoading={isUpdating}
            onClick={() => void handleUpdate()}
            disabled={!groupName.trim() || groupName === group?.name}
          >
-            Update Group
+            {t("groups.edit")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ export function ExtensionGroupAssignmentDialog({
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to load extension groups:", err);
      setError(
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to load extension groups",
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("extensions.loadGroupsFailed"),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const handleAssign = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsAssigning(true);
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export function ExtensionGroupAssignmentDialog({
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to assign extension group:", err);
      const errorMessage =
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to assign extension group";
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("extensions.assignGroupFailed");
      setError(errorMessage);
      toast.error(errorMessage);
    } finally {
@@ -50,36 +50,43 @@ type SyncStatus = "disabled" | "syncing" | "synced" | "error" | "waiting";
 function getSyncStatusDot(
  item: { sync_enabled?: boolean; last_sync?: number },
  liveStatus: SyncStatus | undefined,
+  t: (key: string, options?: Record<string, unknown>) => string,
 ): { color: string; tooltip: string; animate: boolean } {
  const status = liveStatus ?? (item.sync_enabled ? "synced" : "disabled");

  switch (status) {
    case "syncing":
-      return { color: "bg-warning", tooltip: "Syncing...", animate: true };
+      return {
+        color: "bg-warning",
+        tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipSyncing"),
+        animate: true,
+      };
    case "synced":
      return {
        color: "bg-success",
        tooltip: item.last_sync
-          ? `Synced ${new Date(item.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString()}`
-          : "Synced",
+          ? t("profileTable.syncTooltipSyncedAt", {
+              time: new Date(item.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString(),
+            })
+          : t("profileTable.syncTooltipSynced"),
        animate: false,
      };
    case "waiting":
      return {
        color: "bg-warning",
-        tooltip: "Waiting to sync",
+        tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipWaiting"),
        animate: false,
      };
    case "error":
      return {
        color: "bg-destructive",
-        tooltip: "Sync error",
+        tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipError"),
        animate: false,
      };
    default:
      return {
        color: "bg-muted-foreground",
-        tooltip: "Not synced",
+        tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipNotSynced"),
        animate: false,
      };
  }
@@ -674,6 +681,7 @@ export function ExtensionManagementDialog({
                          const syncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
                            ext,
                            extSyncStatus[ext.id],
+                            t,
                          );
                          return (
                            <div
@@ -840,6 +848,7 @@ export function ExtensionManagementDialog({
                          const groupSyncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
                            group,
                            extSyncStatus[group.id],
+                            t,
                          );

                          return (
@@ -995,7 +1004,7 @@ export function ExtensionManagementDialog({
          }
        }}
      >
-        <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
+        <DialogContent className="max-w-lg max-h-[90vh] flex flex-col">
          <DialogHeader>
            <DialogTitle>{t("extensions.editGroup")}</DialogTitle>
            <DialogDescription>
@@ -1003,87 +1012,89 @@ export function ExtensionManagementDialog({
            </DialogDescription>
          </DialogHeader>

-          <div className="space-y-4">
-            <div className="space-y-2">
-              <Label>{t("common.labels.name")}</Label>
-              <Input
-                value={editGroupName}
-                onChange={(e) => {
-                  setEditGroupName(e.target.value);
-                }}
-                placeholder={t("extensions.groupNamePlaceholder")}
-              />
-            </div>
-
-            {extensions.filter((e) => !editGroupExtensionIds.includes(e.id))
-              .length > 0 && (
+          <ScrollArea className="overflow-y-auto flex-1 -mx-6 px-6">
+            <div className="space-y-4">
              <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label>{t("extensions.addToGroup")}</Label>
-                <Select
-                  value=""
-                  onValueChange={(extId) => {
-                    setEditGroupExtensionIds((prev) => [...prev, extId]);
+                <Label>{t("common.labels.name")}</Label>
+                <Input
+                  value={editGroupName}
+                  onChange={(e) => {
+                    setEditGroupName(e.target.value);
                  }}
-                >
-                  <SelectTrigger>
-                    <SelectValue placeholder={t("extensions.addToGroup")} />
-                  </SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectContent>
-                    {extensions
-                      .filter((e) => !editGroupExtensionIds.includes(e.id))
-                      .map((ext) => (
-                        <SelectItem key={ext.id} value={ext.id}>
-                          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                            {renderExtensionIcon(ext, "sm")}
-                            {ext.name}
-                          </div>
-                        </SelectItem>
-                      ))}
-                  </SelectContent>
-                </Select>
+                  placeholder={t("extensions.groupNamePlaceholder")}
+                />
              </div>
-            )}

-            <div className="space-y-2">
-              <Label>{t("extensions.groupExtensions")}</Label>
-              {editGroupExtensionIds.length === 0 ? (
-                <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground py-2">
-                  {t("extensions.noExtensionsInGroup")}
-                </div>
-              ) : (
-                <div className="space-y-1 max-h-[200px] overflow-y-auto">
-                  {editGroupExtensionIds.map((extId) => {
-                    const ext = extensions.find((e) => e.id === extId);
-                    if (!ext) return null;
-                    return (
-                      <div
-                        key={extId}
-                        className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md border px-2 py-1.5"
-                      >
-                        {renderExtensionIcon(ext, "sm")}
-                        <span className="text-sm flex-1 truncate min-w-0">
-                          {ext.name}
-                        </span>
-                        {renderCompatIcons(ext.browser_compatibility)}
-                        <Button
-                          variant="ghost"
-                          size="sm"
-                          className="h-6 w-6 p-0 shrink-0"
-                          onClick={() => {
-                            setEditGroupExtensionIds((prev) =>
-                              prev.filter((id) => id !== extId),
-                            );
-                          }}
-                        >
-                          <LuTrash2 className="w-3 h-3" />
-                        </Button>
-                      </div>
-                    );
-                  })}
+              {extensions.filter((e) => !editGroupExtensionIds.includes(e.id))
+                .length > 0 && (
+                <div className="space-y-2">
+                  <Label>{t("extensions.addToGroup")}</Label>
+                  <Select
+                    value=""
+                    onValueChange={(extId) => {
+                      setEditGroupExtensionIds((prev) => [...prev, extId]);
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    <SelectTrigger>
+                      <SelectValue placeholder={t("extensions.addToGroup")} />
+                    </SelectTrigger>
+                    <SelectContent>
+                      {extensions
+                        .filter((e) => !editGroupExtensionIds.includes(e.id))
+                        .map((ext) => (
+                          <SelectItem key={ext.id} value={ext.id}>
+                            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                              {renderExtensionIcon(ext, "sm")}
+                              {ext.name}
+                            </div>
+                          </SelectItem>
+                        ))}
+                    </SelectContent>
+                  </Select>
                </div>
              )}
+
+              <div className="space-y-2">
+                <Label>{t("extensions.groupExtensions")}</Label>
+                {editGroupExtensionIds.length === 0 ? (
+                  <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground py-2">
+                    {t("extensions.noExtensionsInGroup")}
+                  </div>
+                ) : (
+                  <div className="space-y-1 max-h-[200px] overflow-y-auto">
+                    {editGroupExtensionIds.map((extId) => {
+                      const ext = extensions.find((e) => e.id === extId);
+                      if (!ext) return null;
+                      return (
+                        <div
+                          key={extId}
+                          className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md border px-2 py-1.5"
+                        >
+                          {renderExtensionIcon(ext, "sm")}
+                          <span className="text-sm flex-1 truncate min-w-0">
+                            {ext.name}
+                          </span>
+                          {renderCompatIcons(ext.browser_compatibility)}
+                          <Button
+                            variant="ghost"
+                            size="sm"
+                            className="h-6 w-6 p-0 shrink-0"
+                            onClick={() => {
+                              setEditGroupExtensionIds((prev) =>
+                                prev.filter((id) => id !== extId),
+                              );
+                            }}
+                          >
+                            <LuTrash2 className="w-3 h-3" />
+                          </Button>
+                        </div>
+                      );
+                    })}
+                  </div>
+                )}
+              </div>
            </div>
-          </div>
+          </ScrollArea>

          <DialogFooter>
            <Button
@@ -1117,7 +1128,7 @@ export function ExtensionManagementDialog({
          }
        }}
      >
-        <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
+        <DialogContent className="max-w-lg max-h-[90vh] flex flex-col">
          <DialogHeader>
            <DialogTitle>{t("extensions.editExtension")}</DialogTitle>
            <DialogDescription>
@@ -1125,123 +1136,127 @@ export function ExtensionManagementDialog({
            </DialogDescription>
          </DialogHeader>

-          {editingExtension && (
-            <div className="space-y-4">
-              <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label>{t("common.labels.name")}</Label>
-                <Input
-                  value={editExtensionName}
-                  onChange={(e) => {
-                    setEditExtensionName(e.target.value);
-                  }}
-                  placeholder={t("extensions.namePlaceholder")}
-                  onKeyDown={(e) => {
-                    if (e.key === "Enter") void handleUpdateExtension();
-                  }}
-                />
-              </div>
+          <ScrollArea className="overflow-y-auto flex-1 -mx-6 px-6">
+            {editingExtension && (
+              <div className="space-y-4">
+                <div className="space-y-2">
+                  <Label>{t("common.labels.name")}</Label>
+                  <Input
+                    value={editExtensionName}
+                    onChange={(e) => {
+                      setEditExtensionName(e.target.value);
+                    }}
+                    placeholder={t("extensions.namePlaceholder")}
+                    onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                      if (e.key === "Enter") void handleUpdateExtension();
+                    }}
+                  />
+                </div>

-              {/* Metadata from manifest.json */}
-              <div className="rounded-md border p-3 space-y-2">
-                <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wide">
-                  {t("extensions.metadata")}
-                </Label>
-                <div className="grid grid-cols-[auto,1fr] gap-x-3 gap-y-1.5 text-sm">
-                  {editingExtension.version && (
-                    <>
-                      <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t("extensions.version")}
-                      </span>
-                      <span>{editingExtension.version}</span>
-                    </>
-                  )}
-                  {editingExtension.author && (
-                    <>
-                      <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t("extensions.author")}
-                      </span>
-                      <span>{editingExtension.author}</span>
-                    </>
-                  )}
-                  {editingExtension.description && (
-                    <>
-                      <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t("common.labels.description")}
-                      </span>
-                      <span className="line-clamp-3">
-                        {editingExtension.description}
-                      </span>
-                    </>
-                  )}
-                  <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                    {t("extensions.compatibility.label")}
-                  </span>
-                  <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
-                    {renderCompatIcons(editingExtension.browser_compatibility)}
-                  </div>
-                  <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                    {t("common.labels.type")}
-                  </span>
-                  <span>.{editingExtension.file_type}</span>
-                  {editingExtension.homepage_url && (
-                    <>
-                      <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t("extensions.homepage")}
-                      </span>
-                      <a
-                        href={editingExtension.homepage_url}
-                        target="_blank"
-                        rel="noopener noreferrer"
-                        className="text-primary hover:underline flex items-center gap-1 truncate"
-                      >
-                        <span className="truncate">
-                          {editingExtension.homepage_url}
+                {/* Metadata from manifest.json */}
+                <div className="rounded-md border p-3 space-y-2">
+                  <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wide">
+                    {t("extensions.metadata")}
+                  </Label>
+                  <div className="grid grid-cols-[auto,1fr] gap-x-3 gap-y-1.5 text-sm">
+                    {editingExtension.version && (
+                      <>
+                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                          {t("extensions.version")}
                        </span>
-                        <LuExternalLink className="w-3 h-3 shrink-0" />
-                      </a>
-                    </>
-                  )}
-                  {!editingExtension.version &&
-                    !editingExtension.author &&
-                    !editingExtension.description &&
-                    !editingExtension.homepage_url && (
-                      <span className="col-span-2 text-muted-foreground text-xs">
-                        {t("extensions.noMetadata")}
+                        <span>{editingExtension.version}</span>
+                      </>
+                    )}
+                    {editingExtension.author && (
+                      <>
+                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                          {t("extensions.author")}
+                        </span>
+                        <span>{editingExtension.author}</span>
+                      </>
+                    )}
+                    {editingExtension.description && (
+                      <>
+                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                          {t("common.labels.description")}
+                        </span>
+                        <span className="line-clamp-3">
+                          {editingExtension.description}
+                        </span>
+                      </>
+                    )}
+                    <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                      {t("extensions.compatibility.label")}
+                    </span>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+                      {renderCompatIcons(
+                        editingExtension.browser_compatibility,
+                      )}
+                    </div>
+                    <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                      {t("common.labels.type")}
+                    </span>
+                    <span>.{editingExtension.file_type}</span>
+                    {editingExtension.homepage_url && (
+                      <>
+                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                          {t("extensions.homepage")}
+                        </span>
+                        <a
+                          href={editingExtension.homepage_url}
+                          target="_blank"
+                          rel="noopener noreferrer"
+                          className="text-primary hover:underline flex items-center gap-1 truncate"
+                        >
+                          <span className="truncate">
+                            {editingExtension.homepage_url}
+                          </span>
+                          <LuExternalLink className="w-3 h-3 shrink-0" />
+                        </a>
+                      </>
+                    )}
+                    {!editingExtension.version &&
+                      !editingExtension.author &&
+                      !editingExtension.description &&
+                      !editingExtension.homepage_url && (
+                        <span className="col-span-2 text-muted-foreground text-xs">
+                          {t("extensions.noMetadata")}
+                        </span>
+                      )}
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+
+                {/* Re-upload */}
+                <div className="space-y-2">
+                  <Label>{t("extensions.reupload")}</Label>
+                  <div className="flex gap-2 items-center">
+                    <RippleButton
+                      size="sm"
+                      variant="outline"
+                      onClick={() =>
+                        document.getElementById("ext-edit-file-input")?.click()
+                      }
+                    >
+                      <LuUpload className="w-3 h-3 mr-1" />
+                      {t("extensions.selectFile")}
+                    </RippleButton>
+                    <input
+                      id="ext-edit-file-input"
+                      type="file"
+                      accept=".xpi,.crx,.zip"
+                      className="hidden"
+                      onChange={handleEditFileSelect}
+                    />
+                    {pendingUpdateFile && (
+                      <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate max-w-[200px]">
+                        {pendingUpdateFile.name}
                      </span>
                    )}
+                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
-
-              {/* Re-upload */}
-              <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label>{t("extensions.reupload")}</Label>
-                <div className="flex gap-2 items-center">
-                  <RippleButton
-                    size="sm"
-                    variant="outline"
-                    onClick={() =>
-                      document.getElementById("ext-edit-file-input")?.click()
-                    }
-                  >
-                    <LuUpload className="w-3 h-3 mr-1" />
-                    {t("extensions.selectFile")}
-                  </RippleButton>
-                  <input
-                    id="ext-edit-file-input"
-                    type="file"
-                    accept=".xpi,.crx,.zip"
-                    className="hidden"
-                    onChange={handleEditFileSelect}
-                  />
-                  {pendingUpdateFile && (
-                    <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate max-w-[200px]">
-                      {pendingUpdateFile.name}
-                    </span>
-                  )}
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            </div>
-          )}
+            )}
+          </ScrollArea>

          <DialogFooter>
            <Button
@@ -57,11 +57,13 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
      setGroups(groupList);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to load groups:", err);
-      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to load groups");
+      setError(
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("groupManagement.loadFailed"),
+      );
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const handleAssign = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsAssigning(true);
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
      });

      const groupName = selectedGroupId
-        ? groups.find((g) => g.id === selectedGroupId)?.name || "Unknown Group"
+        ? groups.find((g) => g.id === selectedGroupId)?.name ||
+          t("groups.unknownGroup")
        : t("groups.defaultGroup");

      toast.success(
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
      const errorMessage =
        err instanceof Error
          ? err.message
-          : "Failed to assign profiles to group";
+          : t("groupAssignment.failedFallback");
      setError(errorMessage);
      toast.error(errorMessage);
    } finally {
@@ -116,15 +119,21 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={onClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Assign to Group</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("groupAssignment.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            Assign {selectedProfiles.length} selected profile(s) to a group.
+            {selectedProfiles.length === 1
+              ? t("groupAssignment.description_one", {
+                  count: selectedProfiles.length,
+                })
+              : t("groupAssignment.description_other", {
+                  count: selectedProfiles.length,
+                })}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4">
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Selected Profiles:</Label>
+            <Label>{t("groupAssignment.selectedProfilesLabel")}</Label>
            <div className="p-3 bg-muted rounded-md max-h-32 overflow-y-auto">
              <ul className="text-sm space-y-1">
                {selectedProfiles.map((profileId) => {
@@ -145,7 +154,9 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({

          <div className="space-y-2">
            <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
-              <Label htmlFor="group-select">Assign to Group:</Label>
+              <Label htmlFor="group-select">
+                {t("groupAssignment.assignGroupLabel")}
+              </Label>
              <RippleButton
                size="sm"
                variant="outline"
@@ -154,12 +165,13 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
                  setCreateDialogOpen(true);
                }}
              >
-                <GoPlus className="mr-1 w-3 h-3" /> Create Group
+                <GoPlus className="mr-1 w-3 h-3" />{" "}
+                {t("groupManagement.createGroup")}
              </RippleButton>
            </div>
            {isLoading ? (
              <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                Loading groups...
+                {t("groupManagement.loading")}
              </div>
            ) : (
              <Select
@@ -169,7 +181,7 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
                }}
              >
                <SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectValue placeholder="Select a group" />
+                  <SelectValue placeholder={t("groupAssignment.placeholder")} />
                </SelectTrigger>
                <SelectContent>
                  <SelectItem value="default">
@@ -198,14 +210,14 @@ export function GroupAssignmentDialog({
            onClick={onClose}
            disabled={isAssigning}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            isLoading={isAssigning}
            onClick={() => void handleAssign()}
            disabled={isLoading}
          >
-            Assign
+            {t("groupAssignment.assignButton")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ export function GroupBadges({
    return (
      <div className="flex gap-2 mb-4">
        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-4.5 py-1.5 text-xs">
-          Loading groups...
+          {t("groups.loading")}
        </div>
      </div>
    );
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ export function GroupBadges({
      <div
        ref={scrollContainerRef}
        role="region"
-        aria-label="Profile groups"
+        aria-label={t("groups.profileGroupsAriaLabel")}
        className={`flex gap-2 overflow-x-auto pb-2 -mb-2 [scrollbar-width:none] [-ms-overflow-style:none] [&::-webkit-scrollbar]:hidden ${isDragging ? "cursor-grabbing" : "cursor-grab"}`}
        onScroll={checkScrollPosition}
        onMouseDown={handleMouseDown}
@@ -44,37 +44,46 @@ type SyncStatus = "disabled" | "syncing" | "synced" | "error" | "waiting";
 function getSyncStatusDot(
  group: GroupWithCount,
  liveStatus: SyncStatus | undefined,
+  t: (key: string, options?: Record<string, unknown>) => string,
  errorMessage?: string,
 ): { color: string; tooltip: string; animate: boolean } {
  const status = liveStatus ?? (group.sync_enabled ? "synced" : "disabled");

  switch (status) {
    case "syncing":
-      return { color: "bg-warning", tooltip: "Syncing...", animate: true };
+      return {
+        color: "bg-warning",
+        tooltip: t("syncTooltips.syncing"),
+        animate: true,
+      };
    case "synced":
      return {
        color: "bg-success",
        tooltip: group.last_sync
-          ? `Synced ${new Date(group.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString()}`
-          : "Synced",
+          ? t("syncTooltips.syncedAt", {
+              time: new Date(group.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString(),
+            })
+          : t("syncTooltips.synced"),
        animate: false,
      };
    case "waiting":
      return {
        color: "bg-warning",
-        tooltip: "Waiting to sync",
+        tooltip: t("syncTooltips.waiting"),
        animate: false,
      };
    case "error":
      return {
        color: "bg-destructive",
-        tooltip: errorMessage ? `Sync error: ${errorMessage}` : "Sync error",
+        tooltip: errorMessage
+          ? t("syncTooltips.errorWith", { error: errorMessage })
+          : t("syncTooltips.error"),
        animate: false,
      };
    default:
      return {
        color: "bg-muted-foreground",
-        tooltip: "Not synced",
+        tooltip: t("syncTooltips.notSynced"),
        animate: false,
      };
  }
@@ -165,11 +174,13 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
      setGroupInUse(inUse);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Failed to load groups:", err);
-      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to load groups");
+      setError(
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("groupManagement.loadFailed"),
+      );
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const handleGroupCreated = useCallback(
    (_newGroup: ProfileGroup) => {
@@ -210,18 +221,24 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
          groupId: group.id,
          enabled: !group.sync_enabled,
        });
-        showSuccessToast(group.sync_enabled ? "Sync disabled" : "Sync enabled");
+        showSuccessToast(
+          group.sync_enabled
+            ? t("proxies.management.syncDisabled")
+            : t("proxies.management.syncEnabled"),
+        );
        await loadGroups();
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("Failed to toggle sync:", error);
        showErrorToast(
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to update sync",
+          error instanceof Error
+            ? error.message
+            : t("proxies.management.updateSyncFailed"),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsTogglingSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [group.id]: false }));
      }
    },
-    [loadGroups],
+    [loadGroups, t],
  );

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -244,7 +261,7 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
          <div className="space-y-4">
            {/* Create new group button */}
            <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
-              <Label>Groups</Label>
+              <Label>{t("groupManagement.groupsLabel")}</Label>
              <RippleButton
                size="sm"
                onClick={() => {
@@ -253,7 +270,7 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
                className="flex gap-2 items-center"
              >
                <GoPlus className="w-4 h-4" />
-                Create
+                {t("proxies.management.create")}
              </RippleButton>
            </div>

@@ -266,7 +283,7 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
            {/* Groups list */}
            {isLoading ? (
              <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                {t("common.loading")}
+                {t("common.buttons.loading")}
              </div>
            ) : groups.length === 0 ? (
              <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
@@ -278,10 +295,16 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
                  <Table>
                    <TableHeader>
                      <TableRow>
-                        <TableHead>Name</TableHead>
-                        <TableHead className="w-20">Profiles</TableHead>
-                        <TableHead className="w-24">Sync</TableHead>
-                        <TableHead className="w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                        <TableHead>{t("common.labels.name")}</TableHead>
+                        <TableHead className="w-20">
+                          {t("groupManagement.profilesCol")}
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead className="w-24">
+                          {t("proxies.management.syncCol")}
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead className="w-24">
+                          {t("common.labels.actions")}
+                        </TableHead>
                      </TableRow>
                    </TableHeader>
                    <TableBody>
@@ -289,6 +312,7 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
                        const syncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
                          group,
                          groupSyncStatus[group.id],
+                          t,
                          groupSyncErrors[group.id],
                        );
                        return (
@@ -332,14 +356,13 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
                                <TooltipContent>
                                  {groupInUse[group.id] ? (
                                    <p>
-                                      Sync cannot be disabled while this group
-                                      is used by synced profiles
+                                      {t("groupManagement.syncCannotDisable")}
                                    </p>
                                  ) : (
                                    <p>
                                      {group.sync_enabled
-                                        ? "Disable sync"
-                                        : "Enable sync"}
+                                        ? t("proxies.management.disableSync")
+                                        : t("proxies.management.enableSync")}
                                    </p>
                                  )}
                                </TooltipContent>
@@ -360,7 +383,9 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
                                    </Button>
                                  </TooltipTrigger>
                                  <TooltipContent>
-                                    <p>Edit group</p>
+                                    <p>
+                                      {t("groupManagement.editGroupTooltip")}
+                                    </p>
                                  </TooltipContent>
                                </Tooltip>
                                <Tooltip>
@@ -376,7 +401,9 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({
                                    </Button>
                                  </TooltipTrigger>
                                  <TooltipContent>
-                                    <p>Delete group</p>
+                                    <p>
+                                      {t("groupManagement.deleteGroupTooltip")}
+                                    </p>
                                  </TooltipContent>
                                </Tooltip>
                              </div>
@@ -393,7 +420,7 @@ export function GroupManagementDialog({

          <DialogFooter>
            <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={onClose}>
-              Close
+              {t("common.buttons.close")}
            </RippleButton>
          </DialogFooter>
        </DialogContent>
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { open } from "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { FaFolder } from "react-icons/fa";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
  onClose,
  crossOsUnlocked,
 }: ImportProfileDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [detectedProfiles, setDetectedProfiles] = useState<DetectedProfile[]>(
    [],
  );
@@ -103,11 +105,11 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
      }
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to detect existing profiles:", error);
-      toast.error("Failed to detect existing browser profiles");
+      toast.error(t("importProfile.detectFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const selectedProfile = detectedProfiles.find(
    (p) => p.path === selectedDetectedProfile,
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
      const selected = await open({
        directory: true,
        multiple: false,
-        title: "Select Browser Profile Folder",
+        title: t("importProfile.selectFolderTitle"),
      });

      if (selected && typeof selected === "string") {
@@ -126,7 +128,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
      }
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to open folder dialog:", error);
-      toast.error("Failed to open folder dialog");
+      toast.error(t("importProfile.folderDialogFailed"));
    }
  };

@@ -137,14 +139,14 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({

    if (importMode === "auto-detect") {
      if (!selectedDetectedProfile || !autoDetectProfileName.trim()) {
-        toast.error("Please select a profile and provide a name");
+        toast.error(t("importProfile.selectAndName"));
        return;
      }
      const profile = detectedProfiles.find(
        (p) => p.path === selectedDetectedProfile,
      );
      if (!profile) {
-        toast.error("Selected profile not found");
+        toast.error(t("importProfile.profileNotFound"));
        return;
      }
      sourcePath = profile.path;
@@ -156,7 +158,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
        !manualProfilePath.trim() ||
        !manualProfileName.trim()
      ) {
-        toast.error("Please fill in all fields");
+        toast.error(t("importProfile.fillFields"));
        return;
      }
      sourcePath = manualProfilePath.trim();
@@ -180,7 +182,9 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
        wayfernConfig: mappedBrowser === "wayfern" ? wayfernConfig : null,
      });

-      toast.success(`Successfully imported profile "${newProfileName}"`);
+      toast.success(
+        t("importProfile.importedSuccess", { name: newProfileName }),
+      );
      onClose();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to import profile:", error);
@@ -190,13 +194,13 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
      if (errorMessage.includes("No downloaded versions found")) {
        const browserDisplayName = getBrowserDisplayName(browserType);
        toast.error(
-          `${browserDisplayName} is not installed. Please download ${browserDisplayName} first from the main window, then try importing again.`,
+          t("importProfile.notInstalled", { browser: browserDisplayName }),
          {
            duration: 8000,
          },
        );
      } else {
-        toast.error(`Failed to import profile: ${errorMessage}`);
+        toast.error(t("importProfile.importFailed", { error: errorMessage }));
      }
    } finally {
      setIsImporting(false);
@@ -214,6 +218,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
    wayfernConfig,
    onClose,
    selectedProfile,
+    t,
  ]);

  const handleClose = () => {
@@ -290,7 +295,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={onClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-2xl max-h-[80vh] my-8 flex flex-col">
        <DialogHeader className="flex-shrink-0">
-          <DialogTitle>Import Browser Profile</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("importProfile.title")}</DialogTitle>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="overflow-y-auto flex-1 space-y-6 min-h-0">
@@ -305,7 +310,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                  className="flex-1"
                  disabled={isLoading}
                >
-                  Auto-Detect
+                  {t("importProfile.autoDetect")}
                </RippleButton>
                <RippleButton
                  variant={importMode === "manual" ? "default" : "outline"}
@@ -315,30 +320,29 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                  className="flex-1"
                  disabled={isLoading}
                >
-                  Manual Import
+                  {t("importProfile.manualImport")}
                </RippleButton>
              </div>

              {importMode === "auto-detect" && (
                <div className="space-y-4">
                  <h3 className="text-lg font-medium">
-                    Detected Browser Profiles
+                    {t("importProfile.detectedProfilesTitle")}
                  </h3>

                  {isLoading ? (
                    <div className="py-8 text-center">
                      <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-                        Scanning for browser profiles...
+                        {t("importProfile.scanning")}
                      </p>
                    </div>
                  ) : detectedProfiles.length === 0 ? (
                    <div className="py-8 text-center">
                      <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-                        No browser profiles found on your system.
+                        {t("importProfile.noneFound")}
                      </p>
                      <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                        Try the manual import option if you have profiles in
-                        custom locations.
+                        {t("importProfile.noneFoundHint")}
                      </p>
                    </div>
                  ) : (
@@ -348,7 +352,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                          htmlFor="detected-profile-select"
                          className="mb-2"
                        >
-                          Select Profile:
+                          {t("importProfile.selectProfile")}
                        </Label>
                        <Select
                          value={selectedDetectedProfile ?? undefined}
@@ -357,7 +361,11 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                          }}
                        >
                          <SelectTrigger id="detected-profile-select">
-                            <SelectValue placeholder="Choose a detected profile" />
+                            <SelectValue
+                              placeholder={t(
+                                "importProfile.selectProfilePlaceholder",
+                              )}
+                            />
                          </SelectTrigger>
                          <SelectContent>
                            {detectedProfiles.map((profile) => {
@@ -395,11 +403,15 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                      {selectedProfile && (
                        <div className="p-3 rounded-lg bg-muted">
                          <p className="text-sm">
-                            <span className="font-medium">Path:</span>{" "}
+                            <span className="font-medium">
+                              {t("importProfile.pathLabel")}
+                            </span>{" "}
                            {selectedProfile.path}
                          </p>
                          <p className="text-sm">
-                            <span className="font-medium">Browser:</span>{" "}
+                            <span className="font-medium">
+                              {t("importProfile.browserLabel")}
+                            </span>{" "}
                            {getBrowserDisplayName(selectedProfile.browser)}
                          </p>
                        </div>
@@ -407,7 +419,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({

                      <div>
                        <Label htmlFor="auto-profile-name" className="mb-2">
-                          New Profile Name:
+                          {t("importProfile.newProfileName")}
                        </Label>
                        <Input
                          id="auto-profile-name"
@@ -415,7 +427,9 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                          onChange={(e) => {
                            setAutoDetectProfileName(e.target.value);
                          }}
-                          placeholder="Enter a name for the imported profile"
+                          placeholder={t(
+                            "importProfile.newProfileNamePlaceholder",
+                          )}
                        />
                      </div>
                    </div>
@@ -425,12 +439,14 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({

              {importMode === "manual" && (
                <div className="space-y-4">
-                  <h3 className="text-lg font-medium">Manual Profile Import</h3>
+                  <h3 className="text-lg font-medium">
+                    {t("importProfile.manualTitle")}
+                  </h3>

                  <div className="space-y-4">
                    <div>
                      <Label htmlFor="manual-browser-select" className="mb-2">
-                        Browser Type:
+                        {t("importProfile.browserType")}
                      </Label>
                      <Select
                        value={manualBrowserType ?? undefined}
@@ -443,8 +459,8 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                          <SelectValue
                            placeholder={
                              isLoadingSupport
-                                ? "Loading browsers..."
-                                : "Select browser type"
+                                ? t("importProfile.loadingBrowsers")
+                                : t("importProfile.selectBrowserType")
                            }
                          />
                        </SelectTrigger>
@@ -468,7 +484,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({

                    <div>
                      <Label htmlFor="manual-profile-path" className="mb-2">
-                        Profile Folder Path:
+                        {t("importProfile.profileFolderPath")}
                      </Label>
                      <div className="flex gap-2">
                        <Input
@@ -477,19 +493,21 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                          onChange={(e) => {
                            setManualProfilePath(e.target.value);
                          }}
-                          placeholder="Enter the full path to the profile folder"
+                          placeholder={t(
+                            "importProfile.profileFolderPlaceholder",
+                          )}
                        />
                        <Button
                          variant="outline"
                          size="icon"
                          onClick={() => void handleBrowseFolder()}
-                          title="Browse for folder"
+                          title={t("importProfile.browseFolderTitle")}
                        >
                          <FaFolder className="w-4 h-4" />
                        </Button>
                      </div>
                      <p className="mt-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                        Example paths:
+                        {t("importProfile.examplePaths")}
                        <br />
                        macOS: ~/Library/Application
                        Support/Firefox/Profiles/xxx.default
@@ -502,7 +520,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({

                    <div>
                      <Label htmlFor="manual-profile-name" className="mb-2">
-                        New Profile Name:
+                        {t("importProfile.newProfileName")}
                      </Label>
                      <Input
                        id="manual-profile-name"
@@ -510,7 +528,9 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                        onChange={(e) => {
                          setManualProfileName(e.target.value);
                        }}
-                        placeholder="Enter a name for the imported profile"
+                        placeholder={t(
+                          "importProfile.newProfileNamePlaceholder",
+                        )}
                      />
                    </div>
                  </div>
@@ -523,14 +543,16 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
            <div className="space-y-4">
              <Alert>
                <AlertDescription>
-                  This profile will be imported as a{" "}
-                  <strong>{getBrowserDisplayName(currentMappedBrowser)}</strong>{" "}
-                  profile.
+                  {t("importProfile.importedAs", {
+                    browser: getBrowserDisplayName(currentMappedBrowser),
+                  })}
                </AlertDescription>
              </Alert>

              <div>
-                <Label className="mb-2">Proxy (Optional)</Label>
+                <Label className="mb-2">
+                  {t("importProfile.proxyOptional")}
+                </Label>
                <Select
                  value={selectedProxyId ?? "none"}
                  onValueChange={(value) => {
@@ -538,10 +560,12 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                  }}
                >
                  <SelectTrigger>
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="No proxy" />
+                    <SelectValue placeholder={t("importProfile.noProxy")} />
                  </SelectTrigger>
                  <SelectContent>
-                    <SelectItem value="none">No proxy</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="none">
+                      {t("importProfile.noProxy")}
+                    </SelectItem>
                    {storedProxies.map((proxy) => (
                      <SelectItem key={proxy.id} value={proxy.id}>
                        {proxy.name}
@@ -580,7 +604,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
          {currentStep === "select" ? (
            <>
              <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-                Cancel
+                {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
              </RippleButton>
              <RippleButton
                disabled={!canProceedToNext}
@@ -588,7 +612,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                  setCurrentStep("configure");
                }}
              >
-                Next
+                {t("importProfile.nextButton")}
              </RippleButton>
            </>
          ) : (
@@ -599,7 +623,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                  setCurrentStep("select");
                }}
              >
-                Back
+                {t("common.buttons.back")}
              </RippleButton>
              <LoadingButton
                isLoading={isImporting}
@@ -607,7 +631,7 @@ export function ImportProfileDialog({
                  void handleImport();
                }}
              >
-                Import
+                {t("importProfile.importButton")}
              </LoadingButton>
            </>
          )}
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
          settings: { ...settings, api_enabled: true },
        });
        setSettings(next);
-        showSuccessToast(`API server started on port ${port}`);
+        showSuccessToast(t("integrations.apiStarted", { port }));
      } else {
        await invoke("stop_api_server");
        setApiServerPort(null);
@@ -156,12 +156,13 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
          settings: { ...settings, api_enabled: false, api_token: null },
        });
        setSettings(next);
-        showSuccessToast("API server stopped");
+        showSuccessToast(t("integrations.apiStopped"));
      }
    } catch (e) {
      console.error("Failed to toggle API:", e);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to toggle API server", {
-        description: e instanceof Error ? e.message : "Unknown error",
+      showErrorToast(t("integrations.apiToggleFailed"), {
+        description:
+          e instanceof Error ? e.message : t("integrations.apiUnknownError"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsApiStarting(false);
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
        });
        setSettings(next);
        void loadMcpConfig();
-        showSuccessToast(`MCP server started on port ${port}`);
+        showSuccessToast(t("integrations.mcpStarted", { port }));
      } else {
        await invoke("stop_mcp_server");
        const next = await invoke<AppSettings>("save_app_settings", {
@@ -186,12 +187,13 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
        });
        setSettings(next);
        setMcpConfig(null);
-        showSuccessToast("MCP server stopped");
+        showSuccessToast(t("integrations.mcpStopped"));
      }
    } catch (e) {
      console.error("Failed to toggle MCP server:", e);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to toggle MCP server", {
-        description: e instanceof Error ? e.message : "Unknown error",
+      showErrorToast(t("integrations.mcpToggleFailed"), {
+        description:
+          e instanceof Error ? e.message : t("integrations.apiUnknownError"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsMcpStarting(false);
@@ -207,14 +209,14 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
    >
      <DialogContent className="max-w-xl max-h-[80vh] my-8 flex flex-col">
        <DialogHeader className="shrink-0">
-          <DialogTitle>Integrations</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("integrations.title")}</DialogTitle>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="overflow-y-auto flex-1 min-h-0">
          <Tabs defaultValue="api" className="w-full">
            <TabsList className="grid w-full grid-cols-2">
-              <TabsTrigger value="api">Local API</TabsTrigger>
-              <TabsTrigger value="mcp">MCP (AI Assistants)</TabsTrigger>
+              <TabsTrigger value="api">{t("integrations.tabApi")}</TabsTrigger>
+              <TabsTrigger value="mcp">{t("integrations.tabMcp")}</TabsTrigger>
            </TabsList>

            <TabsContent value="api" className="space-y-4 mt-4">
@@ -230,10 +232,10 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
                    htmlFor="api-enabled"
                    className="text-sm font-medium leading-none peer-disabled:cursor-not-allowed peer-disabled:opacity-70"
                  >
-                    Enable Local API Server
+                    {t("integrations.apiEnableLabel")}
                  </Label>
                  <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                    Allow managing profiles, groups, and proxies via REST API.
+                    {t("integrations.apiEnableDescription")}
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
@@ -241,7 +243,9 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
              {settings.api_enabled && (
                <div className="space-y-4 p-4 rounded-md border bg-muted/40">
                  <div className="space-y-2">
-                    <Label className="text-sm font-medium">Port</Label>
+                    <Label className="text-sm font-medium">
+                      {t("integrations.apiPortLabel")}
+                    </Label>
                    <div className="flex items-center space-x-2">
                      <Button
                        size="sm"
@@ -251,8 +255,10 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
                        onClick={async () => {
                          const port = settings.api_port;
                          if (port < 1 || port > 65535) {
-                            showErrorToast("Invalid port", {
-                              description: "Port must be between 1 and 65535",
+                            showErrorToast(t("integrations.apiInvalidPort"), {
+                              description: t(
+                                "integrations.apiInvalidPortDescription",
+                              ),
                            });
                            return;
                          }
@@ -270,20 +276,28 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
                            );
                            setApiServerPort(actualPort);
                            if (actualPort !== port) {
-                              showErrorToast(`Port ${port} is already in use`, {
-                                description: `Server started on fallback port ${actualPort}`,
-                              });
+                              showErrorToast(
+                                t("integrations.apiPortInUse", { port }),
+                                {
+                                  description: t(
+                                    "integrations.apiFallbackPort",
+                                    { port: actualPort },
+                                  ),
+                                },
+                              );
                            } else {
                              showSuccessToast(
-                                `API server running on port ${actualPort}`,
+                                t("integrations.apiRunning", {
+                                  port: actualPort,
+                                }),
                              );
                            }
                          } catch (e) {
-                            showErrorToast("Failed to start API server", {
+                            showErrorToast(t("integrations.apiStartFailed"), {
                              description:
                                e instanceof Error
                                  ? e.message
-                                  : "Unknown error",
+                                  : t("integrations.apiUnknownError"),
                            });
                          } finally {
                            setIsApiStarting(false);
@@ -315,7 +329,7 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({

                  <div className="space-y-2">
                    <Label className="text-sm font-medium">
-                      Authentication Token
+                      {t("integrations.apiTokenLabel")}
                    </Label>
                    <div className="flex items-center space-x-2">
                      <div className="relative flex-1">
@@ -343,11 +357,13 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
                      </div>
                      <CopyToClipboard
                        text={settings.api_token ?? ""}
-                        successMessage="Token copied"
+                        successMessage={t("integrations.tokenCopied")}
                      />
                    </div>
                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                      Include in Authorization header: Bearer {"<token>"}
+                      {t("integrations.apiTokenHint", {
+                        tokenSlot: "<token>",
+                      })}
                    </p>
                  </div>
                </div>
@@ -367,13 +383,13 @@ export function IntegrationsDialog({
                    htmlFor="mcp-enabled"
                    className="text-sm font-medium leading-none peer-disabled:cursor-not-allowed peer-disabled:opacity-70"
                  >
-                    Enable MCP Server (Model Context Protocol)
+                    {t("integrations.mcpEnableLabel")}
                  </Label>
                  <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                    Allow AI assistants like Claude Desktop to control browsers.
+                    {t("integrations.mcpEnableDescription")}
                    {!termsAccepted && (
                      <span className="ml-1 text-warning">
-                        (Accept Wayfern terms in Settings first)
+                        {t("integrations.mcpAcceptTermsFirst")}
                      </span>
                    )}
                  </p>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import {
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ export function LaunchOnLoginDialog({
  isOpen,
  onClose,
 }: LaunchOnLoginDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [isEnabling, setIsEnabling] = useState(false);
  const [isDeclining, setIsDeclining] = useState(false);

@@ -29,18 +31,18 @@ export function LaunchOnLoginDialog({
    setIsEnabling(true);
    try {
      await invoke("enable_launch_on_login");
-      showSuccessToast("Launch on login enabled");
+      showSuccessToast(t("launchOnLogin.enableSuccess"));
      onClose();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to enable launch on login:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to enable launch on login", {
+      showErrorToast(t("launchOnLogin.enableFailed"), {
        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Please try again",
+          error instanceof Error ? error.message : t("launchOnLogin.tryAgain"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsEnabling(false);
    }
-  }, [onClose]);
+  }, [onClose, t]);

  const handleDecline = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsDeclining(true);
@@ -49,14 +51,14 @@ export function LaunchOnLoginDialog({
      onClose();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to decline launch on login:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to save preference", {
+      showErrorToast(t("launchOnLogin.declineFailed"), {
        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Please try again",
+          error instanceof Error ? error.message : t("launchOnLogin.tryAgain"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsDeclining(false);
    }
-  }, [onClose]);
+  }, [onClose, t]);

  return (
    <Dialog open={isOpen}>
@@ -73,11 +75,11 @@ export function LaunchOnLoginDialog({
        }}
      >
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Enable Launch on Login?</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("launchOnLogin.title")}</DialogTitle>
        </DialogHeader>

        <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-          Running in the background helps keep your proxies and browsers alive.
+          {t("launchOnLogin.description")}
        </p>

        <DialogFooter className="flex-row justify-between sm:justify-between">
@@ -86,14 +88,16 @@ export function LaunchOnLoginDialog({
            onClick={handleDecline}
            disabled={isEnabling || isDeclining}
          >
-            {isDeclining ? "..." : "Don't Ask Again"}
+            {isDeclining
+              ? t("launchOnLogin.declining")
+              : t("launchOnLogin.declineButton")}
          </Button>
          <LoadingButton
            onClick={handleEnable}
            isLoading={isEnabling}
            disabled={isDeclining}
          >
-            Enable
+            {t("launchOnLogin.enableButton")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { emit } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { Loader2 } from "lucide-react";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import { Combobox } from "@/components/ui/combobox";
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
  isOpen,
  onClose,
 }: LocationProxyDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [countries, setCountries] = useState<LocationItem[]>([]);
  const [regions, setRegions] = useState<LocationItem[]>([]);
  const [cities, setCities] = useState<LocationItem[]>([]);
@@ -68,12 +70,12 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
      })
      .catch((err) => {
        console.error("Failed to fetch countries:", err);
-        toast.error("Failed to load countries");
+        toast.error(t("locationProxy.loadFailed"));
      })
      .finally(() => {
        setIsLoadingCountries(false);
      });
-  }, [isOpen]);
+  }, [isOpen, t]);

  // Fetch regions when country changes
  useEffect(() => {
@@ -188,13 +190,13 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
        city: selectedCity || null,
        isp: selectedIsp || null,
      });
-      toast.success("Location proxy created");
+      toast.success(t("locationProxy.createSuccess"));
      await emit("stored-proxies-changed");
      handleClose();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to create location proxy:", error);
      toast.error(
-        typeof error === "string" ? error : "Failed to create location proxy",
+        typeof error === "string" ? error : t("locationProxy.createFailed"),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsCreating(false);
@@ -206,6 +208,7 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
    selectedIsp,
    proxyName,
    handleClose,
+    t,
  ]);

  const countryOptions = countries.map((c) => ({
@@ -224,9 +227,9 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Create Location Proxy</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("locationProxy.titleCreate")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            Create a geo-targeted proxy with a 24-hour sticky session
+            {t("locationProxy.descriptionCreate")}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

@@ -234,7 +237,7 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
          {/* Country - always visible */}
          <div className="space-y-2">
            <Label className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              Country (required)
+              {t("locationProxy.countryLabel")}
              {isLoadingCountries && <LoadingSpinner />}
            </Label>
            <Combobox
@@ -242,9 +245,11 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
              value={selectedCountry}
              onValueChange={setSelectedCountry}
              placeholder={
-                isLoadingCountries ? "Loading countries..." : "Select country"
+                isLoadingCountries
+                  ? t("locationProxy.loadingCountries")
+                  : t("locationProxy.selectCountryPh")
              }
-              searchPlaceholder="Search countries..."
+              searchPlaceholder={t("locationProxy.searchCountries")}
              disabled={isLoadingCountries}
            />
          </div>
@@ -252,7 +257,7 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
          {/* Region - always visible, disabled until country is selected */}
          <div className="space-y-2">
            <Label className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              Region (optional)
+              {t("locationProxy.regionLabel")}
              {isLoadingRegions && <LoadingSpinner />}
            </Label>
            <Combobox
@@ -261,14 +266,14 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
              onValueChange={setSelectedRegion}
              placeholder={
                !selectedCountry
-                  ? "Select a country first"
+                  ? t("locationProxy.selectCountryFirst")
                  : isLoadingRegions
-                    ? "Loading regions..."
+                    ? t("locationProxy.loadingRegions")
                    : regionOptions.length === 0
-                      ? "No regions available"
-                      : "Select region"
+                      ? t("locationProxy.noRegions")
+                      : t("locationProxy.selectRegion")
              }
-              searchPlaceholder="Search regions..."
+              searchPlaceholder={t("locationProxy.searchRegions")}
              disabled={!selectedCountry || isLoadingRegions}
            />
          </div>
@@ -276,7 +281,7 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
          {/* City - always visible, disabled until country is selected */}
          <div className="space-y-2">
            <Label className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              City (optional)
+              {t("locationProxy.cityLabel")}
              {isLoadingCities && <LoadingSpinner />}
            </Label>
            <Combobox
@@ -285,14 +290,14 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
              onValueChange={setSelectedCity}
              placeholder={
                !selectedCountry
-                  ? "Select a country first"
+                  ? t("locationProxy.selectCountryFirst")
                  : isLoadingCities
-                    ? "Loading cities..."
+                    ? t("locationProxy.loadingCities")
                    : cityOptions.length === 0
-                      ? "No cities available"
-                      : "Select city"
+                      ? t("locationProxy.noCities")
+                      : t("locationProxy.selectCity")
              }
-              searchPlaceholder="Search cities..."
+              searchPlaceholder={t("locationProxy.searchCities")}
              disabled={!selectedCountry || isLoadingCities}
            />
          </div>
@@ -300,7 +305,7 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
          {/* ISP - always visible, disabled until country is selected */}
          <div className="space-y-2">
            <Label className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              ISP (optional)
+              {t("locationProxy.ispLabel")}
              {isLoadingIsps && <LoadingSpinner />}
            </Label>
            <Combobox
@@ -309,40 +314,42 @@ export function LocationProxyDialog({
              onValueChange={setSelectedIsp}
              placeholder={
                !selectedCountry
-                  ? "Select a country first"
+                  ? t("locationProxy.selectCountryFirst")
                  : isLoadingIsps
-                    ? "Loading ISPs..."
+                    ? t("locationProxy.loadingIsps")
                    : ispOptions.length === 0
-                      ? "No ISPs available"
-                      : "Select ISP"
+                      ? t("locationProxy.noIsps")
+                      : t("locationProxy.selectIsp")
              }
-              searchPlaceholder="Search ISPs..."
+              searchPlaceholder={t("locationProxy.searchIsps")}
              disabled={!selectedCountry || isLoadingIsps}
            />
          </div>

          {/* Name */}
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Name</Label>
+            <Label>{t("locationProxy.nameLabel")}</Label>
            <Input
              value={proxyName}
              onChange={(e) => {
                setProxyName(e.target.value);
              }}
-              placeholder="Proxy name"
+              placeholder={t("locationProxy.namePlaceholder")}
            />
          </div>
        </div>

        <DialogFooter>
          <Button variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </Button>
          <RippleButton
            onClick={handleCreate}
            disabled={!selectedCountry || !proxyName.trim() || isCreating}
          >
-            {isCreating ? "Creating..." : "Create"}
+            {isCreating
+              ? t("locationProxy.creatingButton")
+              : t("locationProxy.createButton")}
          </RippleButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 "use client";

 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { BsCamera, BsMic } from "react-icons/bs";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import {
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ export function PermissionDialog({
  permissionType,
  onPermissionGranted,
 }: PermissionDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [isRequesting, setIsRequesting] = useState(false);
  const [isMacOS, setIsMacOS] = useState(false);
  const {
@@ -74,18 +76,18 @@ export function PermissionDialog({
  const getPermissionTitle = (type: PermissionType) => {
    switch (type) {
      case "microphone":
-        return "Microphone Access Required";
+        return t("permissionDialog.titleMicrophone");
      case "camera":
-        return "Camera Access Required";
+        return t("permissionDialog.titleCamera");
    }
  };

  const getPermissionDescription = (type: PermissionType) => {
    switch (type) {
      case "microphone":
-        return "Donut Browser needs access to your microphone to enable microphone functionality in web browsers. Each website that wants to use your microphone will still ask for your permission individually.";
+        return t("permissionDialog.descMicrophone");
      case "camera":
-        return "Donut Browser needs access to your camera to enable camera functionality in web browsers. Each website that wants to use your camera will still ask for your permission individually.";
+        return t("permissionDialog.descCamera");
    }
  };

@@ -94,14 +96,13 @@ export function PermissionDialog({
    try {
      await requestPermission(permissionType);
      showSuccessToast(
-        `${getPermissionTitle(permissionType).replace(
-          " Required",
-          "",
-        )} permission requested`,
+        permissionType === "microphone"
+          ? t("permissionDialog.requestSuccessMicrophone")
+          : t("permissionDialog.requestSuccessCamera"),
      );
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to request permission:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to request permission");
+      showErrorToast(t("permissionDialog.requestFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsRequesting(false);
    }
@@ -131,8 +132,9 @@ export function PermissionDialog({
          {isCurrentPermissionGranted && (
            <div className="p-3 bg-success/10 rounded-lg">
              <p className="text-sm text-success">
-                ✅ Permission granted! Browsers launched from Donut Browser can
-                now access your {permissionType}.
+                {permissionType === "microphone"
+                  ? t("permissionDialog.grantedMicrophone")
+                  : t("permissionDialog.grantedCamera")}
              </p>
            </div>
          )}
@@ -140,8 +142,9 @@ export function PermissionDialog({
          {!isCurrentPermissionGranted && (
            <div className="p-3 bg-warning/10 rounded-lg">
              <p className="text-sm text-warning">
-                ⚠️ Permission not granted. Click the button below to request
-                access to your {permissionType}.
+                {permissionType === "microphone"
+                  ? t("permissionDialog.notGrantedMicrophone")
+                  : t("permissionDialog.notGrantedCamera")}
              </p>
            </div>
          )}
@@ -149,7 +152,9 @@ export function PermissionDialog({

        <DialogFooter className="gap-2">
          <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={onClose}>
-            {isCurrentPermissionGranted ? "Done" : "Cancel"}
+            {isCurrentPermissionGranted
+              ? t("permissionDialog.doneButton")
+              : t("permissionDialog.cancelButton")}
          </RippleButton>

          {!isCurrentPermissionGranted && (
@@ -162,7 +167,7 @@ export function PermissionDialog({
              }}
              className="min-w-24"
            >
-              Grant Access
+              {t("permissionDialog.grantAccessButton")}
            </LoadingButton>
          )}
        </DialogFooter>
@@ -236,6 +236,7 @@ function getProfileSyncStatusDot(
    | "error"
    | "disabled"
    | undefined,
+  t: (key: string, options?: Record<string, unknown>) => string,
  errorMessage?: string,
 ): SyncStatusDot | null {
  const encrypted = profile.sync_mode === "Encrypted";
@@ -249,14 +250,14 @@ function getProfileSyncStatusDot(
    case "syncing":
      return {
        color: "bg-warning",
-        tooltip: "Syncing...",
+        tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipSyncing"),
        animate: true,
        encrypted,
      };
    case "waiting":
      return {
        color: "bg-warning",
-        tooltip: "Close the profile to sync",
+        tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipCloseToSync"),
        animate: false,
        encrypted,
      };
@@ -264,15 +265,19 @@ function getProfileSyncStatusDot(
      return {
        color: "bg-success",
        tooltip: profile.last_sync
-          ? `Synced ${new Date(profile.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString()}`
-          : "Synced",
+          ? t("profileTable.syncTooltipSyncedAt", {
+              time: new Date(profile.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString(),
+            })
+          : t("profileTable.syncTooltipSynced"),
        animate: false,
        encrypted,
      };
    case "error":
      return {
        color: "bg-destructive",
-        tooltip: errorMessage ? `Sync error: ${errorMessage}` : "Sync error",
+        tooltip: errorMessage
+          ? t("profileTable.syncTooltipErrorWith", { error: errorMessage })
+          : t("profileTable.syncTooltipError"),
        animate: false,
        encrypted,
      };
@@ -280,7 +285,9 @@ function getProfileSyncStatusDot(
      if (profile.last_sync) {
        return {
          color: "bg-muted-foreground",
-          tooltip: `Sync disabled, last sync ${formatRelativeTime(profile.last_sync)}`,
+          tooltip: t("profileTable.syncTooltipDisabledWithLast", {
+            time: formatRelativeTime(profile.last_sync),
+          }),
          animate: false,
          encrypted: false,
        };
@@ -313,6 +320,7 @@ const TagsCell = React.memo<{
    setOpenTagsEditorFor,
    setTagsOverrides,
  }) => {
+    const { t: translate } = useTranslation();
    const effectiveTags: string[] = Object.hasOwn(tagsOverrides, profile.id)
      ? tagsOverrides[profile.id]
      : (profile.tags ?? []);
@@ -475,7 +483,9 @@ const TagsCell = React.memo<{
            </Badge>
          ))}
          {effectiveTags.length === 0 && (
-            <span className="text-muted-foreground">No tags</span>
+            <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+              {translate("profileTable.noTags")}
+            </span>
          )}
          {hiddenCount > 0 && (
            <Badge variant="outline" className="px-2 py-0 text-xs">
@@ -526,7 +536,11 @@ const TagsCell = React.memo<{
            onChange={(opts) => void handleChange(opts)}
            creatable
            selectFirstItem={false}
-            placeholder={effectiveTags.length === 0 ? "Add tags" : ""}
+            placeholder={
+              effectiveTags.length === 0
+                ? translate("profileTable.addTagsPlaceholder")
+                : ""
+            }
            className={cn(
              "bg-transparent border-0! focus-within:ring-0!",
              "[&_div:first-child]:border-0! [&_div:first-child]:ring-0! [&_div:first-child]:focus-within:ring-0!",
@@ -630,6 +644,7 @@ const NoteCell = React.memo<{
    setOpenNoteEditorFor,
    setNoteOverrides,
  }) => {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
    const effectiveNote: string | null = Object.hasOwn(
      noteOverrides,
      profile.id,
@@ -745,14 +760,14 @@ const NoteCell = React.memo<{
                    !effectiveNote && "text-muted-foreground",
                  )}
                >
-                  {effectiveNote ? trimmedNote : "No Note"}
+                  {effectiveNote ? trimmedNote : t("profiles.note.empty")}
                </span>
              </button>
            </TooltipTrigger>
            {showTooltip && (
              <TooltipContent className="max-w-[320px]">
                <p className="whitespace-pre-wrap wrap-break-word">
-                  {effectiveNote ?? "No Note"}
+                  {effectiveNote ?? t("profiles.note.empty")}
                </p>
              </TooltipContent>
            )}
@@ -789,7 +804,7 @@ const NoteCell = React.memo<{
              void onNoteChange(noteValue);
              setOpenNoteEditorFor(null);
            }}
-            placeholder="Add a note..."
+            placeholder={t("profiles.note.placeholder")}
            className="w-full min-h-6 max-h-[200px] px-2 py-1 text-sm bg-transparent border-0 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-0"
            style={{
              overflow: "auto",
@@ -1334,12 +1349,14 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
      setRenameError(null);
    } catch (error) {
      setRenameError(
-        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to rename profile",
+        error instanceof Error
+          ? error.message
+          : t("errors.renameProfileFailed", { error: String(error) }),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsRenamingSaving(false);
    }
-  }, [profileToRename, newProfileName, onRenameProfile]);
+  }, [profileToRename, newProfileName, onRenameProfile, t]);

  // Cancel inline rename on outside click
  React.useEffect(() => {
@@ -1661,7 +1678,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                onCheckedChange={(value) => {
                  meta.handleToggleAll(!!value);
                }}
-                aria-label="Select all"
+                aria-label={t("common.aria.selectAll")}
                className="cursor-pointer"
              />
            </span>
@@ -1707,7 +1724,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                      onClick={() => {
                        meta.handleIconClick(profile.id);
                      }}
-                      aria-label="Select profile"
+                      aria-label={t("common.aria.selectProfile")}
                    >
                      <span className="w-4 h-4 group">
                        <OsIcon className="w-4 h-4 text-muted-foreground group-hover:hidden" />
@@ -1745,7 +1762,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                    onCheckedChange={(value) => {
                      meta.handleCheckboxChange(profile.id, !!value);
                    }}
-                    aria-label="Select row"
+                    aria-label={t("common.aria.selectRow")}
                    className="w-4 h-4"
                  />
                </span>
@@ -1793,7 +1810,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                    onCheckedChange={(value) => {
                      meta.handleCheckboxChange(profile.id, !!value);
                    }}
-                    aria-label="Select row"
+                    aria-label={t("common.aria.selectRow")}
                    className="w-4 h-4"
                  />
                </span>
@@ -1814,7 +1831,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                  onClick={() => {
                    meta.handleIconClick(profile.id);
                  }}
-                  aria-label="Select profile"
+                  aria-label={t("common.aria.selectProfile")}
                >
                  <span className="w-4 h-4 group">
                    {IconComponent && (
@@ -1833,6 +1850,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
      },
      {
        id: "actions",
+        size: 100,
        cell: ({ row, table }) => {
          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
          const profile = row.original;
@@ -1951,7 +1969,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                      size="sm"
                      disabled={!canLaunch || isLaunching || isStopping}
                      className={cn(
-                        "min-w-[70px] h-7",
+                        "min-w-[80px] h-7 px-3",
                        !canLaunch && "opacity-50 cursor-not-allowed",
                        canLaunch && "cursor-pointer",
                        isFollower && "border-accent",
@@ -1967,9 +1985,9 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                          <div className="w-3 h-3 rounded-full border border-current animate-spin border-t-transparent" />
                        </div>
                      ) : isRunning ? (
-                        "Stop"
+                        meta.t("profiles.actions.stop")
                      ) : (
-                        "Launch"
+                        meta.t("profiles.actions.launch")
                      )}
                    </RippleButton>
                  </span>
@@ -1986,7 +2004,9 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
      },
      {
        accessorKey: "name",
-        header: ({ column }) => {
+        size: 130,
+        header: ({ column, table }) => {
+          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
          return (
            <Button
              variant="ghost"
@@ -1995,7 +2015,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
              }}
              className="justify-start p-0 h-auto font-semibold text-left cursor-pointer"
            >
-              Name
+              {meta.t("common.labels.name")}
              {column.getIsSorted() === "asc" ? (
                <LuChevronUp className="ml-2 w-4 h-4" />
              ) : column.getIsSorted() === "desc" ? (
@@ -2124,7 +2144,11 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
      },
      {
        id: "tags",
-        header: "Tags",
+        size: 110,
+        header: ({ table }) => {
+          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
+          return meta.t("profileTable.tagsHeader");
+        },
        cell: ({ row, table }) => {
          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
          const profile = row.original;
@@ -2153,7 +2177,11 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
      },
      {
        id: "note",
-        header: "Note",
+        size: 110,
+        header: ({ table }) => {
+          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
+          return meta.t("profileTable.noteHeader");
+        },
        cell: ({ row, table }) => {
          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
          const profile = row.original;
@@ -2180,7 +2208,11 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
      },
      {
        id: "proxy",
-        header: "Proxy / VPN",
+        size: 130,
+        header: ({ table }) => {
+          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
+          return meta.t("profiles.table.proxy");
+        },
        cell: ({ row, table }) => {
          const meta = table.options.meta as TableMeta;
          const profile = row.original;
@@ -2218,12 +2250,8 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
            ? effectiveVpn.name
            : effectiveProxy
              ? effectiveProxy.name
-              : "Not Selected";
-          const vpnBadge = effectiveVpn
-            ? effectiveVpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard"
-              ? "WG"
-              : "OVPN"
-            : null;
+              : meta.t("profiles.table.notSelected");
+          const vpnBadge = effectiveVpn ? "WG" : null;
          const tooltipText = hasAssignment ? displayName : null;
          const isSelectorOpen = meta.openProxySelectorFor === profile.id;
          const selectedId = effectiveVpnId ?? effectiveProxyId ?? null;
@@ -2303,8 +2331,8 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                      <CommandInput
                        placeholder={
                          meta.canCreateLocationProxy
-                            ? "Search proxies, VPNs, or countries..."
-                            : "Search proxies or VPNs..."
+                            ? t("createProfile.proxy.searchWithCountries")
+                            : t("createProfile.proxy.search")
                        }
                        onFocus={() => {
                          if (meta.canCreateLocationProxy)
@@ -2312,7 +2340,9 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                        }}
                      />
                      <CommandList>
-                        <CommandEmpty>No proxies or VPNs found.</CommandEmpty>
+                        <CommandEmpty>
+                          {t("createProfile.proxy.notFound")}
+                        </CommandEmpty>
                        <CommandGroup>
                          <CommandItem
                            value="__none__"
@@ -2328,7 +2358,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                                  : "opacity-0",
                              )}
                            />
-                            None
+                            {t("common.labels.none")}
                          </CommandItem>
                          {meta.storedProxies
                            .filter(
@@ -2361,7 +2391,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                            ))}
                        </CommandGroup>
                        {meta.vpnConfigs.length > 0 && (
-                          <CommandGroup heading="VPNs">
+                          <CommandGroup heading={t("profileTable.vpnsHeading")}>
                            {meta.vpnConfigs.map((vpn) => (
                              <CommandItem
                                key={vpn.id}
@@ -2385,7 +2415,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                                  variant="outline"
                                  className="text-[10px] px-1 py-0 leading-tight mr-1"
                                >
-                                  {vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard" ? "WG" : "OVPN"}
+                                  WG
                                </Badge>
                                {vpn.name}
                              </CommandItem>
@@ -2394,7 +2424,9 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                        )}
                        {meta.canCreateLocationProxy &&
                          meta.countries.length > 0 && (
-                            <CommandGroup heading="Create by country">
+                            <CommandGroup
+                              heading={t("profileTable.createByCountryHeading")}
+                            >
                              {meta.countries
                                .filter(
                                  (c) =>
@@ -2470,6 +2502,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
          const dot = getProfileSyncStatusDot(
            profile,
            liveStatus,
+            meta.t,
            syncEntry?.error,
          );
          if (!dot) return null;
@@ -2511,7 +2544,9 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                  setProfileForInfoDialog(profile);
                }}
              >
-                <span className="sr-only">Profile info</span>
+                <span className="sr-only">
+                  {t("profiles.aria.profileInfo")}
+                </span>
                <LuInfo className="w-4 h-4" />
              </Button>
            </div>
@@ -2555,7 +2590,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
          platform === "macos" ? "h-[340px]" : "h-[280px]",
        )}
      >
-        <Table className="overflow-visible">
+        <Table className="overflow-visible table-fixed">
          <TableHeader className="overflow-visible">
            {table.getHeaderGroups().map((headerGroup) => (
              <TableRow key={headerGroup.id} className="overflow-visible">
@@ -2630,7 +2665,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
                  colSpan={columns.length}
                  className="h-24 text-center"
                >
-                  No profiles found.
+                  {t("profiles.table.empty")}
                </TableCell>
              </TableRow>
            )}
@@ -2643,9 +2678,11 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
          setProfileToDelete(null);
        }}
        onConfirm={handleDelete}
-        title="Delete Profile"
-        description={`This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the profile "${profileToDelete?.name}" and all its associated data.`}
-        confirmButtonText="Delete Profile"
+        title={t("profiles.delete.title")}
+        description={t("profiles.delete.description", {
+          profileName: profileToDelete?.name ?? "",
+        })}
+        confirmButtonText={t("profiles.delete.confirmButton")}
        isLoading={isDeleting}
      />
      {profileForInfoDialog &&
@@ -2704,7 +2741,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
        <DataTableActionBarSelection table={table} />
        {onBulkGroupAssignment && (
          <DataTableActionBarAction
-            tooltip="Assign to Group"
+            tooltip={t("profiles.actionBar.assignToGroup")}
            onClick={onBulkGroupAssignment}
            size="icon"
          >
@@ -2713,7 +2750,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
        )}
        {onBulkProxyAssignment && (
          <DataTableActionBarAction
-            tooltip="Assign Proxy"
+            tooltip={t("profiles.actionBar.assignProxy")}
            onClick={onBulkProxyAssignment}
            size="icon"
          >
@@ -2722,7 +2759,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
        )}
        {onBulkExtensionGroupAssignment && (
          <DataTableActionBarAction
-            tooltip="Assign Extension Group"
+            tooltip={t("profiles.actionBar.assignExtensionGroup")}
            onClick={onBulkExtensionGroupAssignment}
            size="icon"
          >
@@ -2731,7 +2768,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
        )}
        {onBulkCopyCookies && (
          <DataTableActionBarAction
-            tooltip="Copy Cookies"
+            tooltip={t("profiles.actionBar.copyCookies")}
            onClick={onBulkCopyCookies}
            size="icon"
          >
@@ -2740,7 +2777,7 @@ export function ProfilesDataTable({
        )}
        {onBulkDelete && (
          <DataTableActionBarAction
-            tooltip="Delete"
+            tooltip={t("common.buttons.delete")}
            onClick={onBulkDelete}
            size="icon"
            variant="destructive"
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 "use client";

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge";
 import {
@@ -47,8 +48,17 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
  runningProfiles: externalRunningProfiles,
  isUpdating,
 }: ProfileSelectorDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  // Use the centralized profile events hook
-  const { profiles, runningProfiles: hookRunningProfiles } = useProfileEvents();
+  const { profiles: rawProfiles, runningProfiles: hookRunningProfiles } =
+    useProfileEvents();
+  const profiles = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      [...rawProfiles].sort((a, b) =>
+        a.name.toLowerCase().localeCompare(b.name.toLowerCase()),
+      ),
+    [rawProfiles],
+  );

  // Use external runningProfiles if provided, otherwise use hook's runningProfiles
  const runningProfiles = externalRunningProfiles ?? hookRunningProfiles;
@@ -146,11 +156,7 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
      if (runningAvailableProfile) {
        setSelectedProfile(runningAvailableProfile.name);
      } else {
-        // Sort profiles by name and select first
-        const sortedProfiles = [...profiles].sort((a, b) =>
-          a.name.localeCompare(b.name),
-        );
-        setSelectedProfile(sortedProfiles[0].name);
+        setSelectedProfile(profiles[0].name);
      }
    }
  }, [isOpen, profiles, selectedProfile, runningProfiles]);
@@ -159,17 +165,19 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={onClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Choose Profile</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("profileSelector.chooseProfileTitle")}</DialogTitle>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="grid gap-4 py-4">
          {url && (
            <div className="space-y-2">
              <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
-                <Label className="text-sm font-medium">Opening URL:</Label>
+                <Label className="text-sm font-medium">
+                  {t("profileSelector.openingUrl")}
+                </Label>
                <CopyToClipboard
                  text={url}
-                  successMessage="URL copied to clipboard!"
+                  successMessage={t("profileSelector.urlCopied")}
                />
              </div>
              <div className="p-2 text-sm break-all rounded bg-muted">
@@ -179,15 +187,16 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
          )}

          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="profile-select">Select Profile:</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="profile-select">
+              {t("profileSelector.selectProfileLabel")}
+            </Label>
            {profiles.length === 0 ? (
              <div className="space-y-2">
                <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                  No profiles available. Please create a profile first.
+                  {t("profileSelector.noneAvailableShort")}
                </div>
                <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  Close this dialog and create a profile from the main window to
-                  get started.
+                  {t("profileSelector.noneAvailableLong")}
                </div>
              </div>
            ) : (
@@ -196,7 +205,9 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
                onValueChange={setSelectedProfile}
              >
                <SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectValue placeholder="Choose a profile" />
+                  <SelectValue
+                    placeholder={t("profileSelector.chooseAProfile")}
+                  />
                </SelectTrigger>
                <SelectContent>
                  {profiles.map((profile) => {
@@ -241,12 +252,12 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
                                </Badge>
                                {hasProxy(profile) && (
                                  <Badge variant="outline" className="text-xs">
-                                    Proxy
+                                    {t("profileSelector.badgeProxy")}
                                  </Badge>
                                )}
                                {isRunning && (
                                  <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">
-                                    Running
+                                    {t("profileSelector.badgeRunning")}
                                  </Badge>
                                )}
                                {!canUseForLinks && (
@@ -254,7 +265,7 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
                                    variant="destructive"
                                    className="text-xs"
                                  >
-                                    Unavailable
+                                    {t("profileSelector.badgeUnavailable")}
                                  </Badge>
                                )}
                              </div>
@@ -275,7 +286,7 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({

        <DialogFooter>
          <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleCancel}>
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <Tooltip>
            <TooltipTrigger asChild>
@@ -289,7 +300,7 @@ export function ProfileSelectorDialog({
                    !canOpenWithSelectedProfile()
                  }
                >
-                  Open
+                  {t("profileSelector.openButton")}
                </LoadingButton>
              </span>
            </TooltipTrigger>
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
  }, [profile, hasConfig, onSyncConfigOpen, onClose, t]);

  const formatLastSync = (timestamp?: number) => {
-    if (!timestamp) return t("common.labels.never", "Never");
+    if (!timestamp) return t("common.labels.never");
    const date = new Date(timestamp * 1000);
    return date.toLocaleString();
  };
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleOpenChange}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>{t("sync.mode.title", "Profile Sync")}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("sync.mode.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
            {t("sync.mode.description", {
              name: profile.name,
@@ -194,9 +194,7 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
          <div className="grid gap-4 py-4">
            {!hasConfig && (
              <div className="p-3 text-sm rounded-md bg-muted">
-                <p className="mb-2">
-                  {t("sync.mode.notConfigured", "Sync service not configured.")}
-                </p>
+                <p className="mb-2">{t("sync.mode.notConfigured")}</p>
                <Button
                  variant="outline"
                  size="sm"
@@ -205,7 +203,7 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
                    onClose();
                  }}
                >
-                  {t("sync.mode.configureService", "Configure Sync Service")}
+                  {t("sync.mode.configureService")}
                </Button>
              </div>
            )}
@@ -222,13 +220,10 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
                    <RadioGroupItem value="Disabled" id="sync-disabled" />
                    <Label htmlFor="sync-disabled" className="cursor-pointer">
                      <span className="font-medium">
-                        {t("sync.mode.disabled", "Disabled")}
+                        {t("sync.mode.disabled")}
                      </span>
                      <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t(
-                          "sync.mode.disabledDescription",
-                          "No sync for this profile",
-                        )}
+                        {t("sync.mode.disabledDescription")}
                      </p>
                    </Label>
                  </div>
@@ -237,13 +232,10 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
                    <RadioGroupItem value="Regular" id="sync-regular" />
                    <Label htmlFor="sync-regular" className="cursor-pointer">
                      <span className="font-medium">
-                        {t("sync.mode.regular", "Regular Sync")}
+                        {t("sync.mode.regular")}
                      </span>
                      <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t(
-                          "sync.mode.regularDescription",
-                          "Fast sync, unencrypted",
-                        )}
+                        {t("sync.mode.regularDescription")}
                      </p>
                    </Label>
                  </div>
@@ -263,18 +255,12 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
                      }
                    >
                      <span className="font-medium">
-                        {t("sync.mode.encrypted", "E2E Encrypted Sync")}
+                        {t("sync.mode.encrypted")}
                      </span>
                      <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
                        {canUseEncryption
-                          ? t(
-                              "sync.mode.encryptedDescription",
-                              "Encrypted before upload. Server never sees plaintext data.",
-                            )
-                          : t(
-                              "settings.encryption.requiresProOrOwner",
-                              "Profile encryption is available for Pro users and team owners.",
-                            )}
+                          ? t("sync.mode.encryptedDescription")
+                          : t("settings.encryption.requiresProOrOwner")}
                      </p>
                    </Label>
                  </div>
@@ -284,15 +270,12 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
                  !hasE2ePassword &&
                  userChangedMode && (
                    <div className="p-3 text-sm rounded-md bg-destructive/10 text-destructive">
-                      {t(
-                        "sync.mode.noPasswordWarning",
-                        "E2E password not set. Please set a password in Settings.",
-                      )}
+                      {t("sync.mode.noPasswordWarning")}
                    </div>
                  )}

                <div className="space-y-2">
-                  <Label>{t("sync.mode.lastSynced", "Last Synced")}</Label>
+                  <Label>{t("sync.mode.lastSynced")}</Label>
                  <div className="flex gap-2 items-center">
                    <Badge variant="outline">
                      {formatLastSync(profile.last_sync)}
@@ -319,7 +302,7 @@ export function ProfileSyncDialog({
          </Button>
          {hasConfig && isSyncEnabled(profile) && (
            <LoadingButton onClick={handleSyncNow} isLoading={isSyncing}>
-              {t("sync.mode.syncNow", "Sync Now")}
+              {t("sync.mode.syncNow")}
            </LoadingButton>
          )}
        </DialogFooter>
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { emit } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuCheck, LuChevronsUpDown } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
  storedProxies = [],
  vpnConfigs = [],
 }: ProxyAssignmentDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [selectedId, setSelectedId] = useState<string | null>(null);
  const [selectionType, setSelectionType] = useState<"none" | "proxy" | "vpn">(
    "none",
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
      });

      if (validProfiles.length === 0) {
-        setError("No valid profiles selected.");
+        setError(t("proxyAssignment.noValidProfiles"));
        setIsAssigning(false);
        return;
      }
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
      const errorMessage =
        err instanceof Error
          ? err.message
-          : "Failed to assign proxy/VPN to profiles";
+          : t("proxyAssignment.failedFallback");
      setError(errorMessage);
      toast.error(errorMessage);
    } finally {
@@ -124,6 +126,7 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
    profiles,
    onAssignmentComplete,
    onClose,
+    t,
  ]);

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -138,16 +141,21 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={onClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-md">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Assign Proxy / VPN</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("proxyAssignment.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            Assign a proxy or VPN to {selectedProfiles.length} selected
-            profile(s).
+            {selectedProfiles.length === 1
+              ? t("proxyAssignment.description_one", {
+                  count: selectedProfiles.length,
+                })
+              : t("proxyAssignment.description_other", {
+                  count: selectedProfiles.length,
+                })}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4">
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Selected Profiles:</Label>
+            <Label>{t("proxyAssignment.selectedProfilesLabel")}</Label>
            <div className="p-3 bg-muted rounded-md max-h-32 overflow-y-auto">
              <ul className="text-sm space-y-1">
                {selectedProfiles.map((profileId) => {
@@ -166,7 +174,9 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
          </div>

          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="proxy-vpn-select">Assign Proxy / VPN:</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="proxy-vpn-select">
+              {t("proxyAssignment.assignProxyVpnLabel")}
+            </Label>
            <Popover open={proxyPopoverOpen} onOpenChange={setProxyPopoverOpen}>
              <PopoverTrigger asChild>
                <Button
@@ -176,26 +186,29 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
                  className="w-full justify-between font-normal"
                >
                  {(() => {
-                    if (selectionType === "none") return "None";
+                    if (selectionType === "none")
+                      return t("proxyAssignment.noneOption");
                    if (selectionType === "vpn") {
                      const vpn = vpnConfigs.find((v) => v.id === selectedId);
                      return vpn
-                        ? `${vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard" ? "WG" : "OVPN"} — ${vpn.name}`
-                        : "None";
+                        ? `WG — ${vpn.name}`
+                        : t("proxyAssignment.noneOption");
                    }
                    const proxy = storedProxies.find(
                      (p) => p.id === selectedId,
                    );
-                    return proxy ? proxy.name : "None";
+                    return proxy ? proxy.name : t("proxyAssignment.noneOption");
                  })()}
                  <LuChevronsUpDown className="ml-2 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 opacity-50" />
                </Button>
              </PopoverTrigger>
              <PopoverContent className="w-[240px] p-0" sideOffset={8}>
                <Command>
-                  <CommandInput placeholder="Search proxies or VPNs..." />
+                  <CommandInput
+                    placeholder={t("proxyAssignment.searchPlaceholder")}
+                  />
                  <CommandList>
-                    <CommandEmpty>No proxies or VPNs found.</CommandEmpty>
+                    <CommandEmpty>{t("proxyAssignment.notFound")}</CommandEmpty>
                    <CommandGroup>
                      <CommandItem
                        value="__none__"
@@ -212,7 +225,7 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
                              : "opacity-0",
                          )}
                        />
-                        None
+                        {t("proxyAssignment.noneOption")}
                      </CommandItem>
                      {storedProxies
                        .filter(
@@ -242,7 +255,9 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
                        ))}
                    </CommandGroup>
                    {vpnConfigs.length > 0 && (
-                      <CommandGroup heading="VPNs">
+                      <CommandGroup
+                        heading={t("proxyAssignment.vpnGroupHeading")}
+                      >
                        {vpnConfigs.map((vpn) => (
                          <CommandItem
                            key={vpn.id}
@@ -264,7 +279,7 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
                              variant="outline"
                              className="text-[10px] px-1 py-0 leading-tight mr-1"
                            >
-                              {vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard" ? "WG" : "OVPN"}
+                              WG
                            </Badge>
                            {vpn.name}
                          </CommandItem>
@@ -290,13 +305,13 @@ export function ProxyAssignmentDialog({
            onClick={onClose}
            disabled={isAssigning}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton
            isLoading={isAssigning}
            onClick={() => void handleAssign()}
          >
-            Assign
+            {t("proxyAssignment.assignButton")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import * as React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { FiCheck } from "react-icons/fi";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { FlagIcon } from "@/components/flag-icon";
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ export function ProxyCheckButton({
  disabled = false,
  setCheckingProfileId,
 }: ProxyCheckButtonProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [localResult, setLocalResult] = React.useState<
    ProxyCheckResult | undefined
  >(cachedResult);
@@ -60,11 +62,13 @@ export function ProxyCheckButton({
      if (result.city) locationParts.push(result.city);
      if (result.country) locationParts.push(result.country);
      const location =
-        locationParts.length > 0 ? locationParts.join(", ") : "Unknown";
+        locationParts.length > 0
+          ? locationParts.join(", ")
+          : t("proxyCheck.unknownLocation");

      toast.success(
        <div className="flex flex-col">
-          Your proxy location is:
+          {t("proxyCheck.locationToast")}
          <div className="flex items-center whitespace-nowrap">
            {location}
            {result.country_code && (
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ export function ProxyCheckButton({
    } catch (error) {
      const errorMessage =
        error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-      toast.error(`Proxy check failed: ${errorMessage}`);
+      toast.error(t("proxyCheck.failed", { error: errorMessage }));

      // Save failed check result
      const failedResult: ProxyCheckResult = {
@@ -102,6 +106,7 @@ export function ProxyCheckButton({
    onCheckComplete,
    onCheckFailed,
    setCheckingProfileId,
+    t,
  ]);

  const isCurrentlyChecking = checkingProfileId === profileId;
@@ -133,7 +138,7 @@ export function ProxyCheckButton({
      </TooltipTrigger>
      <TooltipContent>
        {isCurrentlyChecking ? (
-          <p>Checking proxy...</p>
+          <p>{t("proxyCheck.tooltipChecking")}</p>
        ) : result?.is_valid ? (
          <div className="space-y-1">
            <p className="flex items-center gap-1">
@@ -141,24 +146,28 @@ export function ProxyCheckButton({
                <FlagIcon countryCode={result.country_code} />
              )}
              {[result.city, result.country].filter(Boolean).join(", ") ||
-                "Unknown"}
+                t("proxyCheck.unknownLocation")}
            </p>
            <p className="text-xs text-primary-foreground/70">
-              IP: {result.ip}
+              {t("proxyCheck.tooltipIp", { ip: result.ip })}
            </p>
            <p className="text-xs text-primary-foreground/70">
-              Checked {formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp)}
+              {t("proxyCheck.tooltipChecked", {
+                time: formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp),
+              })}
            </p>
          </div>
        ) : result && !result.is_valid ? (
          <div>
-            <p>Proxy check failed</p>
+            <p>{t("proxyCheck.tooltipFailedTitle")}</p>
            <p className="text-xs text-primary-foreground/70">
-              Failed {formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp)}
+              {t("proxyCheck.tooltipFailed", {
+                time: formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp),
+              })}
            </p>
          </div>
        ) : (
-          <p>Check proxy validity</p>
+          <p>{t("proxyCheck.tooltipDefault")}</p>
        )}
      </TooltipContent>
    </Tooltip>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuCheck, LuCopy, LuDownload } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import {
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ interface ProxyExportDialogProps {
 }

 export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [format, setFormat] = useState<"json" | "txt">("json");
  const [exportContent, setExportContent] = useState<string>("");
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false);
@@ -35,12 +37,12 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
      setExportContent(content);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to export proxies:", error);
-      toast.error("Failed to export proxies");
+      toast.error(t("proxies.exportDialog.failed"));
      setExportContent("");
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
-  }, [format]);
+  }, [format, t]);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (isOpen) {
@@ -52,15 +54,15 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
    try {
      await navigator.clipboard.writeText(exportContent);
      setCopied(true);
-      toast.success("Copied to clipboard");
+      toast.success(t("toasts.success.copied"));
      setTimeout(() => {
        setCopied(false);
      }, 2000);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to copy to clipboard:", error);
-      toast.error("Failed to copy to clipboard");
+      toast.error(t("toasts.error.copyFailed"));
    }
-  }, [exportContent]);
+  }, [exportContent, t]);

  const handleDownload = useCallback(() => {
    const filename = format === "json" ? "proxies.json" : "proxies.txt";
@@ -76,8 +78,8 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
    document.body.removeChild(a);
    URL.revokeObjectURL(url);

-    toast.success(`Downloaded ${filename}`);
-  }, [format, exportContent]);
+    toast.success(t("proxies.exportDialog.downloaded", { filename }));
+  }, [format, exportContent, t]);

  const handleClose = useCallback(() => {
    setFormat("json");
@@ -90,15 +92,15 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Export Proxies</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("proxies.exportDialog.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            Export your proxy configurations to a file
+            {t("proxies.exportDialog.description")}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4">
          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Export Format</Label>
+            <Label>{t("proxies.exportDialog.format")}</Label>
            <RadioGroup
              value={format}
              onValueChange={(value) => {
@@ -109,24 +111,24 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
              <div className="flex items-center space-x-2">
                <RadioGroupItem value="json" id="format-json" />
                <Label htmlFor="format-json" className="cursor-pointer">
-                  JSON
+                  {t("proxies.exportDialog.json")}
                </Label>
              </div>
              <div className="flex items-center space-x-2">
                <RadioGroupItem value="txt" id="format-txt" />
                <Label htmlFor="format-txt" className="cursor-pointer">
-                  TXT (URL format)
+                  {t("proxies.exportDialog.txt")}
                </Label>
              </div>
            </RadioGroup>
          </div>

          <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Preview</Label>
+            <Label>{t("proxies.exportDialog.preview")}</Label>
            <ScrollArea className="h-[200px] border rounded-md bg-muted/30">
              {isLoading ? (
                <div className="flex items-center justify-center h-full p-4 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                  Loading...
+                  {t("common.buttons.loading")}
                </div>
              ) : exportContent ? (
                <pre className="p-3 text-xs font-mono whitespace-pre-wrap break-all">
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
                </pre>
              ) : (
                <div className="flex items-center justify-center h-full p-4 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                  No proxies to export
+                  {t("proxies.exportDialog.noProxies")}
                </div>
              )}
            </ScrollArea>
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {

        <DialogFooter className="flex-col sm:flex-row gap-2">
          <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-            Close
+            {t("common.buttons.close")}
          </RippleButton>
          <RippleButton
            variant="outline"
@@ -156,7 +158,9 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
            ) : (
              <LuCopy className="w-4 h-4" />
            )}
-            {copied ? "Copied" : "Copy"}
+            {copied
+              ? t("proxies.exportDialog.copied")
+              : t("common.buttons.copy")}
          </RippleButton>
          <RippleButton
            onClick={handleDownload}
@@ -164,7 +168,7 @@ export function ProxyExportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyExportDialogProps) {
            className="flex gap-2 items-center"
          >
            <LuDownload className="w-4 h-4" />
-            Download
+            {t("common.buttons.download")}
          </RippleButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -83,14 +83,12 @@ export function ProxyFormDialog({

  const handleSubmit = useCallback(async () => {
    if (!form.name.trim()) {
-      toast.error(t("proxies.form.nameRequired", "Proxy name is required"));
+      toast.error(t("proxies.form.nameRequired"));
      return;
    }

    if (!form.host.trim() || !form.port) {
-      toast.error(
-        t("proxies.form.hostPortRequired", "Host and port are required"),
-      );
+      toast.error(t("proxies.form.hostPortRequired"));
      return;
    }

@@ -98,12 +96,7 @@ export function ProxyFormDialog({
      form.proxy_type === "ss" &&
      (!form.username.trim() || !form.password.trim())
    ) {
-      toast.error(
-        t(
-          "proxies.form.ssCipherRequired",
-          "Cipher and password are required for Shadowsocks",
-        ),
-      );
+      toast.error(t("proxies.form.ssCipherRequired"));
      return;
    }

@@ -136,7 +129,7 @@ export function ProxyFormDialog({
      console.error("Failed to save proxy:", error);
      const errorMessage =
        error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-      toast.error(`Failed to save proxy: ${errorMessage}`);
+      toast.error(t("proxies.form.saveFailed", { error: errorMessage }));
    } finally {
      setIsSubmitting(false);
    }
@@ -189,7 +182,7 @@ export function ProxyFormDialog({
              disabled={isSubmitting}
            >
              <SelectTrigger>
-                <SelectValue placeholder="Select proxy type" />
+                <SelectValue placeholder={t("proxies.form.selectType")} />
              </SelectTrigger>
              <SelectContent>
                {["http", "https", "socks4", "socks5", "ss"].map((type) => (
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { emit } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuUpload } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ interface AmbiguousProxy {
 }

 export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [step, setStep] = useState<ImportStep>("dropzone");
  const [isDragOver, setIsDragOver] = useState(false);
  const [parsedProxies, setParsedProxies] = useState<ParsedProxyLine[]>([]);
@@ -52,7 +54,9 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
    null,
  );
  const [isImporting, setIsImporting] = useState(false);
-  const [namePrefix, setNamePrefix] = useState("Imported");
+  const [namePrefix, setNamePrefix] = useState(
+    t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefixDefault"),
+  );

  const os = getCurrentOS();
  const modKey = os === "macos" ? "⌘" : "Ctrl";
@@ -65,8 +69,8 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
    setInvalidProxies([]);
    setImportResult(null);
    setIsImporting(false);
-    setNamePrefix("Imported");
-  }, []);
+    setNamePrefix(t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefixDefault"));
+  }, [t]);

  const processContent = useCallback(
    async (content: string, isJson: boolean, _filename = "") => {
@@ -116,19 +120,21 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
          } else if (parsed.length > 0) {
            setStep("preview");
          } else {
-            toast.error("No valid proxies found in the file");
+            toast.error(t("proxies.importDialog.noValidProxies"));
          }
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("Failed to process content:", error);
        toast.error(
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to process file",
+          error instanceof Error
+            ? error.message
+            : t("proxies.importDialog.fileProcessError"),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsImporting(false);
      }
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

  const handleFileRead = useCallback(
@@ -140,11 +146,11 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
        void processContent(content, isJson, file.name);
      };
      reader.onerror = () => {
-        toast.error("Failed to read file");
+        toast.error(t("proxies.importDialog.fileReadError"));
      };
      reader.readAsText(file);
    },
-    [processContent],
+    [processContent, t],
  );

  const handleDrop = useCallback(
@@ -160,10 +166,10 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
      if (validFile) {
        handleFileRead(validFile);
      } else {
-        toast.error("Please drop a .json or .txt file");
+        toast.error(t("proxies.importDialog.wrongFileType"));
      }
    },
-    [handleFileRead],
+    [handleFileRead, t],
  );

  const handleDragOver = useCallback((e: React.DragEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
@@ -206,7 +212,8 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
        "import_proxies_from_parsed",
        {
          parsedProxies,
-          namePrefix: namePrefix.trim() || "Imported",
+          namePrefix:
+            namePrefix.trim() || t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefixDefault"),
        },
      );
      setImportResult(result);
@@ -215,12 +222,14 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to import proxies:", error);
      toast.error(
-        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to import proxies",
+        error instanceof Error
+          ? error.message
+          : t("proxies.importDialog.failed"),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsImporting(false);
    }
-  }, [parsedProxies, namePrefix]);
+  }, [parsedProxies, namePrefix, t]);

  const handleAmbiguousFormatSelect = useCallback(
    (index: number, format: string) => {
@@ -273,13 +282,12 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Import Proxies</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("proxies.importDialog.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            {step === "dropzone" && "Import proxies from a JSON or TXT file"}
-            {step === "preview" && "Review the proxies to import"}
-            {step === "ambiguous" &&
-              "Some proxies have ambiguous formats. Please select the correct format."}
-            {step === "result" && "Import completed"}
+            {step === "dropzone" && t("proxies.importDialog.descDropzone")}
+            {step === "preview" && t("proxies.importDialog.descPreview")}
+            {step === "ambiguous" && t("proxies.importDialog.descAmbiguous")}
+            {step === "result" && t("proxies.importDialog.descResult")}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

@@ -309,9 +317,11 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
            >
              <LuUpload className="w-10 h-10 text-muted-foreground mb-4" />
              <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground text-center">
-                Drop a proxy config file
+                {t("proxies.importDialog.dropzonePrompt")}
                <br />
-                <span className="text-xs">(.json, .txt)</span>
+                <span className="text-xs">
+                  {t("proxies.importDialog.dropzoneFormats")}
+                </span>
              </p>
              <input
                id="proxy-file-input"
@@ -326,7 +336,7 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
              />
            </div>
            <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground text-center">
-              Paste from clipboard with {modKey}+V
+              {t("proxies.importDialog.pasteHint", { modKey })}
            </p>
          </div>
        )}
@@ -334,27 +344,35 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
        {step === "preview" && (
          <div className="space-y-4">
            <div className="space-y-2">
-              <Label htmlFor="name-prefix">Name Prefix</Label>
+              <Label htmlFor="name-prefix">
+                {t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefix")}
+              </Label>
              <Input
                id="name-prefix"
-                placeholder="Imported"
+                placeholder={t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefixDefault")}
                value={namePrefix}
                onChange={(e) => {
                  setNamePrefix(e.target.value);
                }}
              />
              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Proxies will be named &quot;{namePrefix || "Imported"} Proxy
-                1&quot;, &quot;{namePrefix || "Imported"} Proxy 2&quot;, etc.
+                {t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefixHint", {
+                  prefix:
+                    namePrefix || t("proxies.importDialog.namePrefixDefault"),
+                })}
              </p>
            </div>

            <div className="space-y-2">
              <Label>
-                Proxies to import ({parsedProxies.length})
+                {t("proxies.importDialog.proxiesToImport", {
+                  count: parsedProxies.length,
+                })}
                {invalidProxies.length > 0 && (
                  <span className="text-muted-foreground ml-2">
-                    ({invalidProxies.length} invalid)
+                    {t("proxies.importDialog.invalidCount", {
+                      count: invalidProxies.length,
+                    })}
                  </span>
                )}
              </Label>
@@ -387,8 +405,7 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
        {step === "ambiguous" && (
          <div className="space-y-4">
            <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-              The following proxies have an ambiguous format. Please select the
-              correct interpretation for each.
+              {t("proxies.importDialog.ambiguousIntro")}
            </p>
            <ScrollArea className="h-[250px] border rounded-md">
              <div className="p-3 space-y-4">
@@ -430,14 +447,18 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
          <div className="space-y-4">
            <div className="p-4 bg-muted/30 rounded-lg space-y-2">
              <div className="flex justify-between">
-                <span className="text-sm">Imported:</span>
+                <span className="text-sm">
+                  {t("proxies.importDialog.imported")}
+                </span>
                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-success">
                  {importResult.imported_count}
                </span>
              </div>
              {importResult.skipped_count > 0 && (
                <div className="flex justify-between">
-                  <span className="text-sm">Skipped (duplicates):</span>
+                  <span className="text-sm">
+                    {t("proxies.importDialog.skippedDuplicates")}
+                  </span>
                  <span className="text-sm font-medium text-warning">
                    {importResult.skipped_count}
                  </span>
@@ -445,7 +466,9 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
              )}
              {importResult.errors.length > 0 && (
                <div className="flex justify-between">
-                  <span className="text-sm">Errors:</span>
+                  <span className="text-sm">
+                    {t("proxies.importDialog.errors")}
+                  </span>
                  <span className="text-sm font-medium text-destructive">
                    {importResult.errors.length}
                  </span>
@@ -455,7 +478,7 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {

            {importResult.errors.length > 0 && (
              <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label>Errors</Label>
+                <Label>{t("proxies.importDialog.errors")}</Label>
                <ScrollArea className="h-[100px] border rounded-md">
                  <div className="p-2 space-y-1">
                    {importResult.errors.map((error, i) => (
@@ -476,21 +499,23 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
        <DialogFooter>
          {step === "dropzone" && (
            <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-              Cancel
+              {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
            </RippleButton>
          )}

          {step === "preview" && (
            <>
              <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={resetState}>
-                Back
+                {t("common.buttons.back")}
              </RippleButton>
              <LoadingButton
                isLoading={isImporting}
                onClick={() => void handleImport()}
                disabled={parsedProxies.length === 0}
              >
-                Import {parsedProxies.length} Proxies
+                {t("proxies.importDialog.importButton", {
+                  count: parsedProxies.length,
+                })}
              </LoadingButton>
            </>
          )}
@@ -498,19 +523,21 @@ export function ProxyImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: ProxyImportDialogProps) {
          {step === "ambiguous" && (
            <>
              <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={resetState}>
-                Back
+                {t("common.buttons.back")}
              </RippleButton>
              <RippleButton
                onClick={handleResolveAmbiguous}
                disabled={ambiguousProxies.some((p) => !p.selectedFormat)}
              >
-                Continue
+                {t("proxies.importDialog.continueButton")}
              </RippleButton>
            </>
          )}

          {step === "result" && (
-            <RippleButton onClick={handleClose}>Done</RippleButton>
+            <RippleButton onClick={handleClose}>
+              {t("proxies.importDialog.doneButton")}
+            </RippleButton>
          )}
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { emit, listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { GoPlus } from "react-icons/go";
 import { LuDownload, LuPencil, LuTrash2, LuUpload } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
@@ -51,37 +52,46 @@ type SyncStatus = "disabled" | "syncing" | "synced" | "error" | "waiting";
 function getSyncStatusDot(
  item: { sync_enabled?: boolean; last_sync?: number },
  liveStatus: SyncStatus | undefined,
+  t: (key: string, options?: Record<string, unknown>) => string,
  errorMessage?: string,
 ): { color: string; tooltip: string; animate: boolean } {
  const status = liveStatus ?? (item.sync_enabled ? "synced" : "disabled");

  switch (status) {
    case "syncing":
-      return { color: "bg-warning", tooltip: "Syncing...", animate: true };
+      return {
+        color: "bg-warning",
+        tooltip: t("syncTooltips.syncing"),
+        animate: true,
+      };
    case "synced":
      return {
        color: "bg-success",
        tooltip: item.last_sync
-          ? `Synced ${new Date(item.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString()}`
-          : "Synced",
+          ? t("syncTooltips.syncedAt", {
+              time: new Date(item.last_sync * 1000).toLocaleString(),
+            })
+          : t("syncTooltips.synced"),
        animate: false,
      };
    case "waiting":
      return {
        color: "bg-warning",
-        tooltip: "Waiting to sync",
+        tooltip: t("syncTooltips.waiting"),
        animate: false,
      };
    case "error":
      return {
        color: "bg-destructive",
-        tooltip: errorMessage ? `Sync error: ${errorMessage}` : "Sync error",
+        tooltip: errorMessage
+          ? t("syncTooltips.errorWith", { error: errorMessage })
+          : t("syncTooltips.error"),
        animate: false,
      };
    default:
      return {
        color: "bg-muted-foreground",
-        tooltip: "Not synced",
+        tooltip: t("syncTooltips.notSynced"),
        animate: false,
      };
  }
@@ -96,6 +106,7 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
  isOpen,
  onClose,
 }: ProxyManagementDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  // Proxy state
  const [showProxyForm, setShowProxyForm] = useState(false);
  const [showImportDialog, setShowImportDialog] = useState(false);
@@ -260,16 +271,16 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
    setIsDeleting(true);
    try {
      await invoke("delete_stored_proxy", { proxyId: proxyToDelete.id });
-      toast.success("Proxy deleted successfully");
+      toast.success(t("proxies.management.deleteSuccess"));
      await emit("stored-proxies-changed");
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to delete proxy:", error);
-      toast.error("Failed to delete proxy");
+      toast.error(t("proxies.management.deleteFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsDeleting(false);
      setProxyToDelete(null);
    }
-  }, [proxyToDelete]);
+  }, [proxyToDelete, t]);

  const handleCreateProxy = useCallback(() => {
    setEditingProxy(null);
@@ -286,24 +297,33 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
    setEditingProxy(null);
  }, []);

-  const handleToggleSync = useCallback(async (proxy: StoredProxy) => {
-    setIsTogglingSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [proxy.id]: true }));
-    try {
-      await invoke("set_proxy_sync_enabled", {
-        proxyId: proxy.id,
-        enabled: !proxy.sync_enabled,
-      });
-      showSuccessToast(proxy.sync_enabled ? "Sync disabled" : "Sync enabled");
-      await emit("stored-proxies-changed");
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error("Failed to toggle sync:", error);
-      showErrorToast(
-        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to update sync",
-      );
-    } finally {
-      setIsTogglingSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [proxy.id]: false }));
-    }
-  }, []);
+  const handleToggleSync = useCallback(
+    async (proxy: StoredProxy) => {
+      setIsTogglingSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [proxy.id]: true }));
+      try {
+        await invoke("set_proxy_sync_enabled", {
+          proxyId: proxy.id,
+          enabled: !proxy.sync_enabled,
+        });
+        showSuccessToast(
+          proxy.sync_enabled
+            ? t("proxies.management.syncDisabled")
+            : t("proxies.management.syncEnabled"),
+        );
+        await emit("stored-proxies-changed");
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error("Failed to toggle sync:", error);
+        showErrorToast(
+          error instanceof Error
+            ? error.message
+            : t("proxies.management.updateSyncFailed"),
+        );
+      } finally {
+        setIsTogglingSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [proxy.id]: false }));
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  // VPN handlers
  const handleDeleteVpn = useCallback((vpn: VpnConfig) => {
@@ -315,16 +335,16 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
    setIsDeletingVpn(true);
    try {
      await invoke("delete_vpn_config", { vpnId: vpnToDelete.id });
-      toast.success("VPN deleted successfully");
+      toast.success(t("vpns.management.deleteSuccess"));
      await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to delete VPN:", error);
-      toast.error("Failed to delete VPN");
+      toast.error(t("vpns.management.deleteFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsDeletingVpn(false);
      setVpnToDelete(null);
    }
-  }, [vpnToDelete]);
+  }, [vpnToDelete, t]);

  const handleCreateVpn = useCallback(() => {
    setEditingVpn(null);
@@ -341,33 +361,42 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
    setEditingVpn(null);
  }, []);

-  const handleToggleVpnSync = useCallback(async (vpn: VpnConfig) => {
-    setIsTogglingVpnSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [vpn.id]: true }));
-    try {
-      await invoke("set_vpn_sync_enabled", {
-        vpnId: vpn.id,
-        enabled: !vpn.sync_enabled,
-      });
-      showSuccessToast(vpn.sync_enabled ? "Sync disabled" : "Sync enabled");
-      await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error("Failed to toggle VPN sync:", error);
-      showErrorToast(
-        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to update sync",
-      );
-    } finally {
-      setIsTogglingVpnSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [vpn.id]: false }));
-    }
-  }, []);
+  const handleToggleVpnSync = useCallback(
+    async (vpn: VpnConfig) => {
+      setIsTogglingVpnSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [vpn.id]: true }));
+      try {
+        await invoke("set_vpn_sync_enabled", {
+          vpnId: vpn.id,
+          enabled: !vpn.sync_enabled,
+        });
+        showSuccessToast(
+          vpn.sync_enabled
+            ? t("proxies.management.syncDisabled")
+            : t("proxies.management.syncEnabled"),
+        );
+        await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error("Failed to toggle VPN sync:", error);
+        showErrorToast(
+          error instanceof Error
+            ? error.message
+            : t("proxies.management.updateSyncFailed"),
+        );
+      } finally {
+        setIsTogglingVpnSync((prev) => ({ ...prev, [vpn.id]: false }));
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  return (
    <>
      <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={onClose}>
-        <DialogContent className="max-w-2xl max-h-[90vh] flex flex-col">
+        <DialogContent className="max-w-[min(95vw,1600px)] max-h-[90vh] flex flex-col">
          <DialogHeader>
-            <DialogTitle>Proxies & VPNs</DialogTitle>
+            <DialogTitle>{t("proxies.management.title")}</DialogTitle>
            <DialogDescription>
-              Manage your proxy and VPN configurations for reuse across profiles
+              {t("proxies.management.description")}
            </DialogDescription>
          </DialogHeader>

@@ -375,14 +404,14 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
            <Tabs defaultValue="proxies">
              <TabsList className="w-full">
                <TabsTrigger value="proxies" className="flex-1">
-                  Proxies
+                  {t("proxies.management.tabProxies")}
                </TabsTrigger>
                <TabsTrigger value="vpns" className="flex-1">
-                  VPNs
+                  {t("proxies.management.tabVpns")}
                </TabsTrigger>
              </TabsList>

-              <TabsContent value="proxies">
+              <TabsContent value="proxies" className="mt-4">
                <div className="space-y-4">
                  <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
                    <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -395,7 +424,7 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
                        className="flex gap-2 items-center"
                      >
                        <LuUpload className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Import
+                        {t("common.buttons.import")}
                      </RippleButton>
                      <RippleButton
                        size="sm"
@@ -407,7 +436,7 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
                        disabled={storedProxies.length === 0}
                      >
                        <LuDownload className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Export
+                        {t("common.buttons.export")}
                      </RippleButton>
                    </div>
                    <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -417,183 +446,202 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
                        className="flex gap-2 items-center"
                      >
                        <GoPlus className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Create
+                        {t("proxies.management.create")}
                      </RippleButton>
                    </div>
                  </div>

                  {isLoading ? (
                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      Loading proxies...
+                      {t("proxies.management.loading")}
                    </div>
                  ) : storedProxies.length === 0 ? (
                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      No proxies created yet. Create your first proxy using the
-                      button above.
+                      {t("proxies.management.noneCreated")}
                    </div>
                  ) : (
-                    <div className="border rounded-md">
-                      <ScrollArea className="h-[240px]">
-                        <Table>
-                          <TableHeader>
-                            <TableRow>
-                              <TableHead>Name</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-20">Usage</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-24">Sync</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-24">Actions</TableHead>
-                            </TableRow>
-                          </TableHeader>
-                          <TableBody>
-                            {storedProxies.map((proxy) => {
-                              const syncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
-                                proxy,
-                                proxySyncStatus[proxy.id],
-                                proxySyncErrors[proxy.id],
-                              );
-                              return (
-                                <TableRow key={proxy.id}>
-                                  <TableCell className="font-medium">
-                                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                                      <Tooltip>
-                                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                                          <div
-                                            className={`w-2 h-2 rounded-full shrink-0 ${syncDot.color} ${
-                                              syncDot.animate
-                                                ? "animate-pulse"
-                                                : ""
-                                            }`}
-                                          />
-                                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                                        <TooltipContent>
-                                          <p>{syncDot.tooltip}</p>
-                                        </TooltipContent>
-                                      </Tooltip>
-                                      {proxy.name}
-                                    </div>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
-                                    <Badge variant="secondary">
-                                      {proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0}
-                                    </Badge>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
+                    <div className="border rounded-md max-h-[240px] overflow-auto">
+                      <Table className="min-w-max">
+                        <TableHeader>
+                          <TableRow>
+                            <TableHead>{t("common.labels.name")}</TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("proxies.management.usage")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("proxies.management.syncCol")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("common.labels.actions")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                          </TableRow>
+                        </TableHeader>
+                        <TableBody>
+                          {storedProxies.map((proxy) => {
+                            const syncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
+                              proxy,
+                              proxySyncStatus[proxy.id],
+                              t,
+                              proxySyncErrors[proxy.id],
+                            );
+                            return (
+                              <TableRow key={proxy.id}>
+                                <TableCell className="font-medium">
+                                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                    <Tooltip>
                                      <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                                        <div className="flex items-center">
-                                          <Checkbox
-                                            checked={proxy.sync_enabled}
-                                            onCheckedChange={() =>
-                                              void handleToggleSync(proxy)
-                                            }
-                                            disabled={
-                                              isTogglingSync[proxy.id] ||
-                                              proxyInUse[proxy.id]
-                                            }
-                                          />
-                                        </div>
+                                        <div
+                                          className={`w-2 h-2 rounded-full shrink-0 ${syncDot.color} ${
+                                            syncDot.animate
+                                              ? "animate-pulse"
+                                              : ""
+                                          }`}
+                                        />
                                      </TooltipTrigger>
                                      <TooltipContent>
-                                        {proxyInUse[proxy.id] ? (
-                                          <p>
-                                            Sync cannot be disabled while this
-                                            proxy is used by synced profiles
-                                          </p>
-                                        ) : (
-                                          <p>
-                                            {proxy.sync_enabled
-                                              ? "Disable sync"
-                                              : "Enable sync"}
-                                          </p>
-                                        )}
+                                        <p>{syncDot.tooltip}</p>
                                      </TooltipContent>
                                    </Tooltip>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
-                                    <div className="flex gap-1">
-                                      <ProxyCheckButton
-                                        proxy={proxy}
-                                        profileId={proxy.id}
-                                        checkingProfileId={checkingProxyId}
-                                        cachedResult={
-                                          proxyCheckResults[proxy.id]
-                                        }
-                                        setCheckingProfileId={
-                                          setCheckingProxyId
-                                        }
-                                        onCheckComplete={(result) => {
-                                          setProxyCheckResults((prev) => ({
-                                            ...prev,
-                                            [proxy.id]: result,
-                                          }));
-                                        }}
-                                        onCheckFailed={(result) => {
-                                          setProxyCheckResults((prev) => ({
-                                            ...prev,
-                                            [proxy.id]: result,
-                                          }));
-                                        }}
-                                      />
-                                      <Tooltip>
-                                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                    {proxy.name}
+                                  </div>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <Badge variant="secondary">
+                                    {proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0}
+                                  </Badge>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <Tooltip>
+                                    <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                      <div className="flex items-center">
+                                        <Checkbox
+                                          checked={proxy.sync_enabled}
+                                          onCheckedChange={() =>
+                                            void handleToggleSync(proxy)
+                                          }
+                                          disabled={
+                                            isTogglingSync[proxy.id] ||
+                                            proxyInUse[proxy.id]
+                                          }
+                                        />
+                                      </div>
+                                    </TooltipTrigger>
+                                    <TooltipContent>
+                                      {proxyInUse[proxy.id] ? (
+                                        <p>
+                                          {t(
+                                            "proxies.management.syncCannotDisable",
+                                          )}
+                                        </p>
+                                      ) : (
+                                        <p>
+                                          {proxy.sync_enabled
+                                            ? t(
+                                                "proxies.management.disableSync",
+                                              )
+                                            : t(
+                                                "proxies.management.enableSync",
+                                              )}
+                                        </p>
+                                      )}
+                                    </TooltipContent>
+                                  </Tooltip>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <div className="flex gap-1">
+                                    <ProxyCheckButton
+                                      proxy={proxy}
+                                      profileId={proxy.id}
+                                      checkingProfileId={checkingProxyId}
+                                      cachedResult={proxyCheckResults[proxy.id]}
+                                      setCheckingProfileId={setCheckingProxyId}
+                                      onCheckComplete={(result) => {
+                                        setProxyCheckResults((prev) => ({
+                                          ...prev,
+                                          [proxy.id]: result,
+                                        }));
+                                      }}
+                                      onCheckFailed={(result) => {
+                                        setProxyCheckResults((prev) => ({
+                                          ...prev,
+                                          [proxy.id]: result,
+                                        }));
+                                      }}
+                                    />
+                                    <Tooltip>
+                                      <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                        <Button
+                                          variant="ghost"
+                                          size="sm"
+                                          onClick={() => {
+                                            handleEditProxy(proxy);
+                                          }}
+                                        >
+                                          <LuPencil className="w-4 h-4" />
+                                        </Button>
+                                      </TooltipTrigger>
+                                      <TooltipContent>
+                                        <p>
+                                          {t("proxies.management.editProxy")}
+                                        </p>
+                                      </TooltipContent>
+                                    </Tooltip>
+                                    <Tooltip>
+                                      <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                        <span>
                                          <Button
                                            variant="ghost"
                                            size="sm"
                                            onClick={() => {
-                                              handleEditProxy(proxy);
+                                              handleDeleteProxy(proxy);
                                            }}
+                                            disabled={
+                                              (proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0) > 0
+                                            }
                                          >
-                                            <LuPencil className="w-4 h-4" />
+                                            <LuTrash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
                                          </Button>
-                                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                                        <TooltipContent>
-                                          <p>Edit proxy</p>
-                                        </TooltipContent>
-                                      </Tooltip>
-                                      <Tooltip>
-                                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                                          <span>
-                                            <Button
-                                              variant="ghost"
-                                              size="sm"
-                                              onClick={() => {
-                                                handleDeleteProxy(proxy);
-                                              }}
-                                              disabled={
-                                                (proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0) > 0
-                                              }
-                                            >
-                                              <LuTrash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            </Button>
-                                          </span>
-                                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                                        <TooltipContent>
-                                          {(proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0) > 0 ? (
-                                            <p>
-                                              Cannot delete: in use by{" "}
-                                              {proxyUsage[proxy.id]} profile
-                                              {proxyUsage[proxy.id] > 1
-                                                ? "s"
-                                                : ""}
-                                            </p>
-                                          ) : (
-                                            <p>Delete proxy</p>
-                                          )}
-                                        </TooltipContent>
-                                      </Tooltip>
-                                    </div>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                </TableRow>
-                              );
-                            })}
-                          </TableBody>
-                        </Table>
-                      </ScrollArea>
+                                        </span>
+                                      </TooltipTrigger>
+                                      <TooltipContent>
+                                        {(proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0) > 0 ? (
+                                          <p>
+                                            {(proxyUsage[proxy.id] ?? 0) === 1
+                                              ? t(
+                                                  "proxies.management.cannotDelete_one",
+                                                  {
+                                                    count: proxyUsage[proxy.id],
+                                                  },
+                                                )
+                                              : t(
+                                                  "proxies.management.cannotDelete_other",
+                                                  {
+                                                    count: proxyUsage[proxy.id],
+                                                  },
+                                                )}
+                                          </p>
+                                        ) : (
+                                          <p>
+                                            {t(
+                                              "proxies.management.deleteProxy",
+                                            )}
+                                          </p>
+                                        )}
+                                      </TooltipContent>
+                                    </Tooltip>
+                                  </div>
+                                </TableCell>
+                              </TableRow>
+                            );
+                          })}
+                        </TableBody>
+                      </Table>
                    </div>
                  )}
                </div>
              </TabsContent>

-              <TabsContent value="vpns">
+              <TabsContent value="vpns" className="mt-4">
                <div className="space-y-4">
                  <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
                    <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -606,7 +654,7 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
                        className="flex gap-2 items-center"
                      >
                        <LuUpload className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Import
+                        {t("common.buttons.import")}
                      </RippleButton>
                    </div>
                    <RippleButton
@@ -615,165 +663,180 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
                      className="flex gap-2 items-center"
                    >
                      <GoPlus className="w-4 h-4" />
-                      Create
+                      {t("proxies.management.create")}
                    </RippleButton>
                  </div>

                  {isLoadingVpns ? (
                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      Loading VPNs...
+                      {t("vpns.management.loading")}
                    </div>
                  ) : vpnConfigs.length === 0 ? (
                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      No VPN configs created yet. Import or create one using the
-                      buttons above.
+                      {t("vpns.management.noneCreated")}
                    </div>
                  ) : (
-                    <div className="border rounded-md">
-                      <ScrollArea className="h-[240px]">
-                        <Table>
-                          <TableHeader>
-                            <TableRow>
-                              <TableHead>Name</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-16">Type</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-20">Usage</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-24">Sync</TableHead>
-                              <TableHead className="w-24">Actions</TableHead>
-                            </TableRow>
-                          </TableHeader>
-                          <TableBody>
-                            {vpnConfigs.map((vpn) => {
-                              const syncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
-                                vpn,
-                                vpnSyncStatus[vpn.id],
-                                vpnSyncErrors[vpn.id],
-                              );
-                              return (
-                                <TableRow key={vpn.id}>
-                                  <TableCell className="font-medium">
-                                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                                      <Tooltip>
-                                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                                          <div
-                                            className={`w-2 h-2 rounded-full shrink-0 ${syncDot.color} ${
-                                              syncDot.animate
-                                                ? "animate-pulse"
-                                                : ""
-                                            }`}
-                                          />
-                                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                                        <TooltipContent>
-                                          <p>{syncDot.tooltip}</p>
-                                        </TooltipContent>
-                                      </Tooltip>
-                                      {vpn.name}
-                                    </div>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
-                                    <Badge variant="outline">
-                                      {vpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard"
-                                        ? "WG"
-                                        : "OVPN"}
-                                    </Badge>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
-                                    <Badge variant="secondary">
-                                      {vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0}
-                                    </Badge>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
+                    <div className="border rounded-md max-h-[240px] overflow-auto">
+                      <Table className="min-w-max">
+                        <TableHeader>
+                          <TableRow>
+                            <TableHead>{t("common.labels.name")}</TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("common.labels.type")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("proxies.management.usage")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("proxies.management.syncCol")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                            <TableHead className="whitespace-nowrap w-px">
+                              {t("common.labels.actions")}
+                            </TableHead>
+                          </TableRow>
+                        </TableHeader>
+                        <TableBody>
+                          {vpnConfigs.map((vpn) => {
+                            const syncDot = getSyncStatusDot(
+                              vpn,
+                              vpnSyncStatus[vpn.id],
+                              t,
+                              vpnSyncErrors[vpn.id],
+                            );
+                            return (
+                              <TableRow key={vpn.id}>
+                                <TableCell className="font-medium">
+                                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                    <Tooltip>
                                      <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                                        <div className="flex items-center">
-                                          <Checkbox
-                                            checked={vpn.sync_enabled}
-                                            onCheckedChange={() =>
-                                              void handleToggleVpnSync(vpn)
-                                            }
-                                            disabled={
-                                              isTogglingVpnSync[vpn.id] ||
-                                              vpnInUse[vpn.id]
-                                            }
-                                          />
-                                        </div>
+                                        <div
+                                          className={`w-2 h-2 rounded-full shrink-0 ${syncDot.color} ${
+                                            syncDot.animate
+                                              ? "animate-pulse"
+                                              : ""
+                                          }`}
+                                        />
                                      </TooltipTrigger>
                                      <TooltipContent>
-                                        {vpnInUse[vpn.id] ? (
-                                          <p>
-                                            Sync cannot be disabled while this
-                                            VPN is used by synced profiles
-                                          </p>
-                                        ) : (
-                                          <p>
-                                            {vpn.sync_enabled
-                                              ? "Disable sync"
-                                              : "Enable sync"}
-                                          </p>
-                                        )}
+                                        <p>{syncDot.tooltip}</p>
                                      </TooltipContent>
                                    </Tooltip>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                  <TableCell>
-                                    <div className="flex gap-1">
-                                      <VpnCheckButton
-                                        vpnId={vpn.id}
-                                        vpnName={vpn.name}
-                                        checkingVpnId={checkingVpnId}
-                                        setCheckingVpnId={setCheckingVpnId}
-                                      />
-                                      <Tooltip>
-                                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                    {vpn.name}
+                                  </div>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <Badge variant="outline">WG</Badge>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <Badge variant="secondary">
+                                    {vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0}
+                                  </Badge>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <Tooltip>
+                                    <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                      <div className="flex items-center">
+                                        <Checkbox
+                                          checked={vpn.sync_enabled}
+                                          onCheckedChange={() =>
+                                            void handleToggleVpnSync(vpn)
+                                          }
+                                          disabled={
+                                            isTogglingVpnSync[vpn.id] ||
+                                            vpnInUse[vpn.id]
+                                          }
+                                        />
+                                      </div>
+                                    </TooltipTrigger>
+                                    <TooltipContent>
+                                      {vpnInUse[vpn.id] ? (
+                                        <p>
+                                          {t(
+                                            "vpns.management.syncCannotDisable",
+                                          )}
+                                        </p>
+                                      ) : (
+                                        <p>
+                                          {vpn.sync_enabled
+                                            ? t(
+                                                "proxies.management.disableSync",
+                                              )
+                                            : t(
+                                                "proxies.management.enableSync",
+                                              )}
+                                        </p>
+                                      )}
+                                    </TooltipContent>
+                                  </Tooltip>
+                                </TableCell>
+                                <TableCell>
+                                  <div className="flex gap-1">
+                                    <VpnCheckButton
+                                      vpnId={vpn.id}
+                                      vpnName={vpn.name}
+                                      checkingVpnId={checkingVpnId}
+                                      setCheckingVpnId={setCheckingVpnId}
+                                    />
+                                    <Tooltip>
+                                      <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                        <Button
+                                          variant="ghost"
+                                          size="sm"
+                                          onClick={() => {
+                                            handleEditVpn(vpn);
+                                          }}
+                                        >
+                                          <LuPencil className="w-4 h-4" />
+                                        </Button>
+                                      </TooltipTrigger>
+                                      <TooltipContent>
+                                        <p>{t("vpns.management.editVpn")}</p>
+                                      </TooltipContent>
+                                    </Tooltip>
+                                    <Tooltip>
+                                      <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                                        <span>
                                          <Button
                                            variant="ghost"
                                            size="sm"
                                            onClick={() => {
-                                              handleEditVpn(vpn);
+                                              handleDeleteVpn(vpn);
                                            }}
+                                            disabled={
+                                              (vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0) > 0
+                                            }
                                          >
-                                            <LuPencil className="w-4 h-4" />
+                                            <LuTrash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
                                          </Button>
-                                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                                        <TooltipContent>
-                                          <p>Edit VPN</p>
-                                        </TooltipContent>
-                                      </Tooltip>
-                                      <Tooltip>
-                                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                                          <span>
-                                            <Button
-                                              variant="ghost"
-                                              size="sm"
-                                              onClick={() => {
-                                                handleDeleteVpn(vpn);
-                                              }}
-                                              disabled={
-                                                (vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0) > 0
-                                              }
-                                            >
-                                              <LuTrash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            </Button>
-                                          </span>
-                                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                                        <TooltipContent>
-                                          {(vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0) > 0 ? (
-                                            <p>
-                                              Cannot delete: in use by{" "}
-                                              {vpnUsage[vpn.id]} profile
-                                              {vpnUsage[vpn.id] > 1 ? "s" : ""}
-                                            </p>
-                                          ) : (
-                                            <p>Delete VPN</p>
-                                          )}
-                                        </TooltipContent>
-                                      </Tooltip>
-                                    </div>
-                                  </TableCell>
-                                </TableRow>
-                              );
-                            })}
-                          </TableBody>
-                        </Table>
-                      </ScrollArea>
+                                        </span>
+                                      </TooltipTrigger>
+                                      <TooltipContent>
+                                        {(vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0) > 0 ? (
+                                          <p>
+                                            {(vpnUsage[vpn.id] ?? 0) === 1
+                                              ? t(
+                                                  "vpns.management.cannotDelete_one",
+                                                  { count: vpnUsage[vpn.id] },
+                                                )
+                                              : t(
+                                                  "vpns.management.cannotDelete_other",
+                                                  { count: vpnUsage[vpn.id] },
+                                                )}
+                                          </p>
+                                        ) : (
+                                          <p>
+                                            {t("vpns.management.deleteVpn")}
+                                          </p>
+                                        )}
+                                      </TooltipContent>
+                                    </Tooltip>
+                                  </div>
+                                </TableCell>
+                              </TableRow>
+                            );
+                          })}
+                        </TableBody>
+                      </Table>
                    </div>
                  )}
                </div>
@@ -783,7 +846,7 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({

          <DialogFooter>
            <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={onClose}>
-              Close
+              {t("common.buttons.close")}
            </RippleButton>
          </DialogFooter>
        </DialogContent>
@@ -800,9 +863,11 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
          setProxyToDelete(null);
        }}
        onConfirm={handleConfirmDelete}
-        title="Delete Proxy"
-        description={`This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the proxy "${proxyToDelete?.name ?? ""}".`}
-        confirmButtonText="Delete"
+        title={t("proxies.management.deleteTitle")}
+        description={t("proxies.management.deleteDescription", {
+          name: proxyToDelete?.name ?? "",
+        })}
+        confirmButtonText={t("common.buttons.delete")}
        isLoading={isDeleting}
      />
      <ProxyImportDialog
@@ -828,9 +893,11 @@ export function ProxyManagementDialog({
          setVpnToDelete(null);
        }}
        onConfirm={handleConfirmDeleteVpn}
-        title="Delete VPN"
-        description={`This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the VPN "${vpnToDelete?.name ?? ""}".`}
-        confirmButtonText="Delete"
+        title={t("vpns.management.deleteTitle")}
+        description={t("vpns.management.deleteDescription", {
+          name: vpnToDelete?.name ?? "",
+        })}
+        confirmButtonText={t("common.buttons.delete")}
        isLoading={isDeletingVpn}
      />
      <VpnImportDialog
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 "use client";

 import { useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuCheck, LuChevronsUpDown, LuDownload } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge";
@@ -37,11 +38,14 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({
  availableReleaseTypes,
  isDownloading,
  onDownload,
-  placeholder = "Select release type...",
+  placeholder,
  showDownloadButton = true,
  downloadedVersions = [],
 }: ReleaseTypeSelectorProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [popoverOpen, setPopoverOpen] = useState(false);
+  const effectivePlaceholder =
+    placeholder ?? t("releaseTypeSelector.placeholder");

  const releaseOptions = [
    ...(availableReleaseTypes.stable
@@ -64,9 +68,9 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({

  const selectedDisplayText = selectedReleaseType
    ? selectedReleaseType === "stable"
-      ? "Stable"
-      : "Nightly"
-    : placeholder;
+      ? t("releaseTypeSelector.stable")
+      : t("releaseTypeSelector.nightly")
+    : effectivePlaceholder;

  const selectedVersion =
    selectedReleaseType === "stable"
@@ -95,7 +99,9 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({
          </PopoverTrigger>
          <PopoverContent className="p-0">
            <Command>
-              <CommandEmpty>No release types available.</CommandEmpty>
+              <CommandEmpty>
+                {t("releaseTypeSelector.noReleaseTypes")}
+              </CommandEmpty>
              <CommandList>
                <CommandGroup>
                  {releaseOptions.map((option) => {
@@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({
                          <span className="capitalize">{option.type}</span>
                          {option.type === "nightly" && (
                            <Badge variant="secondary" className="text-xs">
-                              Nightly
+                              {t("releaseTypeSelector.nightly")}
                            </Badge>
                          )}
                          <Badge variant="outline" className="text-xs">
@@ -138,7 +144,7 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({
                          </Badge>
                          {isDownloaded && (
                            <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">
-                              Downloaded
+                              {t("releaseTypeSelector.downloaded")}
                            </Badge>
                          )}
                        </div>
@@ -162,7 +168,7 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({
            </Badge>
            {downloadedVersions.includes(releaseOptions[0].version) && (
              <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">
-                Downloaded
+                {t("releaseTypeSelector.downloaded")}
              </Badge>
            )}
          </div>
@@ -182,7 +188,9 @@ export function ReleaseTypeSelector({
            className="w-full"
          >
            <LuDownload className="mr-2 w-4 h-4" />
-            {isDownloading ? "Downloading..." : "Download Browser"}
+            {isDownloading
+              ? t("releaseTypeSelector.downloading")
+              : t("releaseTypeSelector.downloadBrowser")}
          </LoadingButton>
        )}
    </div>
@@ -165,34 +165,46 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
    }
  }, []);

-  const getPermissionDisplayName = useCallback((type: PermissionType) => {
-    switch (type) {
-      case "microphone":
-        return "Microphone";
-      case "camera":
-        return "Camera";
-    }
-  }, []);
+  const getPermissionDisplayName = useCallback(
+    (type: PermissionType) => {
+      switch (type) {
+        case "microphone":
+          return t("settings.permissions.microphone");
+        case "camera":
+          return t("settings.permissions.camera");
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

-  const getStatusBadge = useCallback((isGranted: boolean) => {
-    if (isGranted) {
-      return (
-        <Badge variant="default" className="text-success-foreground bg-success">
-          Granted
-        </Badge>
-      );
-    }
-    return <Badge variant="secondary">Not Granted</Badge>;
-  }, []);
+  const getStatusBadge = useCallback(
+    (isGranted: boolean) => {
+      if (isGranted) {
+        return (
+          <Badge
+            variant="default"
+            className="text-success-foreground bg-success"
+          >
+            {t("common.status.granted")}
+          </Badge>
+        );
+      }
+      return <Badge variant="secondary">{t("common.status.notGranted")}</Badge>;
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

-  const getPermissionDescription = useCallback((type: PermissionType) => {
-    switch (type) {
-      case "microphone":
-        return "Access to microphone for browser applications";
-      case "camera":
-        return "Access to camera for browser applications";
-    }
-  }, []);
+  const getPermissionDescription = useCallback(
+    (type: PermissionType) => {
+      switch (type) {
+        case "microphone":
+          return t("settings.permissions.microphoneDescription");
+        case "camera":
+          return t("settings.permissions.cameraDescription");
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const loadSettings = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsLoading(true);
@@ -332,15 +344,15 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
      // Don't show immediate success toast - let the version update progress events handle it
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to clear cache:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to clear cache", {
+      showErrorToast(t("settings.advanced.clearCacheFailed"), {
        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Unknown error occurred",
+          error instanceof Error ? error.message : t("common.errors.unknown"),
        duration: 4000,
      });
    } finally {
      setIsClearingCache(false);
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const handleRequestPermission = useCallback(
    async (permissionType: PermissionType) => {
@@ -348,7 +360,9 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
      try {
        await requestPermission(permissionType);
        showSuccessToast(
-          `${getPermissionDisplayName(permissionType)} access requested`,
+          t("settings.permissions.accessRequested", {
+            permission: getPermissionDisplayName(permissionType),
+          }),
        );
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("Failed to request permission:", error);
@@ -356,7 +370,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
        setRequestingPermission(null);
      }
    },
-    [getPermissionDisplayName, requestPermission],
+    [getPermissionDisplayName, requestPermission, t],
  );

  const handleSave = useCallback(async () => {
@@ -592,11 +606,13 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
          <div className="grid overflow-y-auto flex-1 gap-6 py-4 min-h-0">
            {/* Appearance Section */}
            <div className="space-y-4">
-              <Label className="text-base font-medium">Appearance</Label>
+              <Label className="text-base font-medium">
+                {t("settings.appearance.title")}
+              </Label>

              <div className="grid gap-2">
                <Label htmlFor="theme-select" className="text-sm">
-                  Theme
+                  {t("settings.appearance.theme")}
                </Label>
                <Select
                  value={settings.theme}
@@ -614,20 +630,29 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                  }}
                >
                  <SelectTrigger id="theme-select">
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="Select theme" />
+                    <SelectValue
+                      placeholder={t("settings.appearance.selectTheme")}
+                    />
                  </SelectTrigger>
                  <SelectContent>
-                    <SelectItem value="light">Light</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="dark">Dark</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="system">System</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="custom">Custom</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="light">
+                      {t("settings.appearance.light")}
+                    </SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="dark">
+                      {t("settings.appearance.dark")}
+                    </SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="system">
+                      {t("settings.appearance.system")}
+                    </SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="custom">
+                      {t("common.labels.custom")}
+                    </SelectItem>
                  </SelectContent>
                </Select>
              </div>

              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Choose your preferred theme or follow your system settings.
-                Custom theme changes are applied only when you save.
+                {t("settings.appearance.themeDescription")}
              </p>

              {settings.theme === "custom" && (
@@ -637,7 +662,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                      htmlFor="theme-preset-select"
                      className="text-sm font-medium"
                    >
-                      Theme Preset
+                      {t("settings.appearance.themePreset")}
                    </Label>
                    <Select
                      value={customThemeState.selectedThemeId ?? "custom"}
@@ -659,7 +684,11 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                      }}
                    >
                      <SelectTrigger id="theme-preset-select">
-                        <SelectValue placeholder="Select a theme preset" />
+                        <SelectValue
+                          placeholder={t(
+                            "settings.appearance.selectThemePreset",
+                          )}
+                        />
                      </SelectTrigger>
                      <SelectContent>
                        {THEMES.map((theme) => (
@@ -667,12 +696,16 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                            {theme.name}
                          </SelectItem>
                        ))}
-                        <SelectItem value="custom">Your Own</SelectItem>
+                        <SelectItem value="custom">
+                          {t("settings.appearance.yourOwn")}
+                        </SelectItem>
                      </SelectContent>
                    </Select>
                  </div>

-                  <div className="text-sm font-medium">Custom Colors</div>
+                  <div className="text-sm font-medium">
+                    {t("settings.appearance.customColors")}
+                  </div>
                  <div className="grid grid-cols-4 gap-3">
                    {THEME_VARIABLES.map(({ key, label }) => {
                      const colorValue =
@@ -744,11 +777,13 @@ export function SettingsDialog({

            {/* Language Section */}
            <div className="space-y-4">
-              <Label className="text-base font-medium">Language</Label>
+              <Label className="text-base font-medium">
+                {t("settings.language.title")}
+              </Label>

              <div className="grid gap-2">
                <Label htmlFor="language-select" className="text-sm">
-                  Interface Language
+                  {t("settings.language.interface")}
                </Label>
                <Select
                  value={selectedLanguage ?? "system"}
@@ -758,10 +793,14 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                  disabled={isLanguageLoading}
                >
                  <SelectTrigger id="language-select">
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="Select language" />
+                    <SelectValue
+                      placeholder={t("settings.language.selectLanguage")}
+                    />
                  </SelectTrigger>
                  <SelectContent>
-                    <SelectItem value="system">System Default</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="system">
+                      {t("settings.language.systemDefault")}
+                    </SelectItem>
                    {supportedLanguages.map((lang) => (
                      <SelectItem key={lang.code} value={lang.code}>
                        {lang.nativeName} ({lang.name})
@@ -772,7 +811,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
              </div>

              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Choose your preferred language for the application interface.
+                {t("settings.language.description")}
              </p>
            </div>

@@ -781,10 +820,12 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
              <div className="space-y-4">
                <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
                  <Label className="text-base font-medium">
-                    Default Browser
+                    {t("settings.defaultBrowser.title")}
                  </Label>
                  <Badge variant={isDefaultBrowser ? "default" : "secondary"}>
-                    {isDefaultBrowser ? "Active" : "Inactive"}
+                    {isDefaultBrowser
+                      ? t("common.status.active")
+                      : t("common.status.inactive")}
                  </Badge>
                </div>

@@ -800,13 +841,12 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                  className="w-full"
                >
                  {isDefaultBrowser
-                    ? "Already Default Browser"
-                    : "Set as Default Browser"}
+                    ? t("settings.defaultBrowser.alreadyDefault")
+                    : t("settings.defaultBrowser.setAsDefault")}
                </LoadingButton>

                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  When set as default, Donut Browser will handle web links and
-                  allow you to choose which profile to use.
+                  {t("settings.defaultBrowser.description")}
                </p>
              </div>
            )}
@@ -815,12 +855,12 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
            {isMacOS && (
              <div className="space-y-4">
                <Label className="text-base font-medium">
-                  System Permissions
+                  {t("settings.permissions.title")}
                </Label>

                {isLoadingPermissions ? (
                  <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                    Loading permissions...
+                    {t("settings.permissions.loading")}
                  </div>
                ) : (
                  <div className="space-y-3">
@@ -878,17 +918,18 @@ export function SettingsDialog({

            {/* Integrations Section */}
            <div className="space-y-4">
-              <Label className="text-base font-medium">Integrations</Label>
+              <Label className="text-base font-medium">
+                {t("settings.integrations.title")}
+              </Label>
              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Configure Local API and MCP (Model Context Protocol) for
-                integrating with external tools and AI assistants.
+                {t("settings.integrations.description")}
              </p>
              <RippleButton
                variant="outline"
                className="w-full"
                onClick={onIntegrationsOpen}
              >
-                Open Integrations Settings
+                {t("integrations.openSettings")}
              </RippleButton>
            </div>

@@ -912,33 +953,24 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
            {/* Sync Encryption Section */}
            <div className="space-y-4">
              <Label className="text-base font-medium">
-                {t("settings.encryption.title", "Sync Encryption")}
+                {t("settings.encryption.title")}
              </Label>
              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                {t(
-                  "settings.encryption.description",
-                  "Set a password to enable E2E encrypted sync. If you lose this password, encrypted profiles cannot be recovered.",
-                )}
+                {t("settings.encryption.description")}
              </p>

              {!canUseEncryption ? (
                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                  {t(
-                    "settings.encryption.requiresProOrOwner",
-                    "Profile encryption is available for Pro users and team owners.",
-                  )}
+                  {t("settings.encryption.requiresProOrOwner")}
                </p>
              ) : hasE2ePassword ? (
                <div className="space-y-3">
                  <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                    <Badge variant="default">
-                      {t("settings.encryption.passwordSet", "Active")}
+                      {t("settings.encryption.passwordSet")}
                    </Badge>
                    <span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                      {t(
-                        "settings.encryption.passwordSetDescription",
-                        "E2E encryption password is set",
-                      )}
+                      {t("settings.encryption.passwordSetDescription")}
                    </span>
                  </div>
                  <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -952,10 +984,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                        setE2eError("");
                      }}
                    >
-                      {t(
-                        "settings.encryption.changePassword",
-                        "Change Password",
-                      )}
+                      {t("settings.encryption.changePassword")}
                    </Button>
                    <Button
                      variant="destructive"
@@ -964,21 +993,13 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                        try {
                          await invoke("delete_e2e_password");
                          setHasE2ePassword(false);
-                          showSuccessToast(
-                            t(
-                              "settings.encryption.removed",
-                              "Encryption password removed",
-                            ),
-                          );
+                          showSuccessToast(t("settings.encryption.removed"));
                        } catch (error) {
                          showErrorToast(String(error));
                        }
                      }}
                    >
-                      {t(
-                        "settings.encryption.removePassword",
-                        "Remove Password",
-                      )}
+                      {t("settings.encryption.removePassword")}
                    </Button>
                  </div>
                </div>
@@ -986,10 +1007,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                <div className="space-y-3">
                  <Input
                    type="password"
-                    placeholder={t(
-                      "settings.encryption.passwordPlaceholder",
-                      "Password (min 8 characters)",
-                    )}
+                    placeholder={t("settings.encryption.passwordPlaceholder")}
                    value={e2ePassword}
                    onChange={(e) => {
                      setE2ePassword(e.target.value);
@@ -998,10 +1016,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                  />
                  <Input
                    type="password"
-                    placeholder={t(
-                      "settings.encryption.confirmPlaceholder",
-                      "Confirm password",
-                    )}
+                    placeholder={t("settings.encryption.confirmPlaceholder")}
                    value={e2ePasswordConfirm}
                    onChange={(e) => {
                      setE2ePasswordConfirm(e.target.value);
@@ -1017,21 +1032,11 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                    isLoading={isSavingE2e}
                    onClick={async () => {
                      if (e2ePassword.length < 8) {
-                        setE2eError(
-                          t(
-                            "settings.encryption.passwordTooShort",
-                            "Password must be at least 8 characters",
-                          ),
-                        );
+                        setE2eError(t("settings.encryption.passwordTooShort"));
                        return;
                      }
                      if (e2ePassword !== e2ePasswordConfirm) {
-                        setE2eError(
-                          t(
-                            "settings.encryption.passwordMismatch",
-                            "Passwords do not match",
-                          ),
-                        );
+                        setE2eError(t("settings.encryption.passwordMismatch"));
                        return;
                      }
                      setIsSavingE2e(true);
@@ -1043,10 +1048,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                        setE2ePassword("");
                        setE2ePasswordConfirm("");
                        showSuccessToast(
-                          t(
-                            "settings.encryption.passwordSaved",
-                            "Encryption password set",
-                          ),
+                          t("settings.encryption.passwordSaved"),
                        );
                      } catch (error) {
                        showErrorToast(String(error));
@@ -1055,7 +1057,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                      }
                    }}
                  >
-                    {t("settings.encryption.setPassword", "Set Password")}
+                    {t("settings.encryption.setPassword")}
                  </LoadingButton>
                </div>
              )}
@@ -1064,28 +1066,29 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
            {/* Commercial License Section */}
            <div className="space-y-4">
              <Label className="text-base font-medium">
-                Commercial License
+                {t("settings.commercial.title")}
              </Label>

              <div className="flex items-center justify-between p-3 rounded-md border bg-muted/40">
                {trialStatus?.type === "Active" ? (
                  <div className="space-y-1">
                    <p className="text-sm font-medium">
-                      Trial: {trialStatus.days_remaining} days,{" "}
-                      {trialStatus.hours_remaining} hours remaining
+                      {t("settings.commercial.trialActive", {
+                        days: trialStatus.days_remaining,
+                        hours: trialStatus.hours_remaining,
+                      })}
                    </p>
                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                      Commercial use is free during the trial period
+                      {t("settings.commercial.trialActiveDescription")}
                    </p>
                  </div>
                ) : (
                  <div className="space-y-1">
                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-warning">
-                      Trial expired
+                      {t("settings.commercial.trialExpired")}
                    </p>
                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                      Personal use remains free. Commercial use requires a
-                      license.
+                      {t("settings.commercial.trialExpiredDescription")}
                    </p>
                  </div>
                )}
@@ -1094,7 +1097,9 @@ export function SettingsDialog({

            {/* Advanced Section */}
            <div className="space-y-4">
-              <Label className="text-base font-medium">Advanced</Label>
+              <Label className="text-base font-medium">
+                {t("settings.advanced.title")}
+              </Label>

              {!isLinux && (
                <div className="flex items-start space-x-3 p-3 rounded-lg border">
@@ -1129,13 +1134,11 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
                variant="outline"
                className="w-full"
              >
-                Clear All Version Cache
+                {t("settings.advanced.clearCache")}
              </LoadingButton>

              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                Clear all cached browser version data and refresh all browser
-                versions from their sources. This will force a fresh download of
-                version information for all browsers.
+                {t("settings.advanced.clearCacheDescription")}
              </p>
            </div>

@@ -1151,7 +1154,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({

          <DialogFooter className="shrink-0">
            <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-              Cancel
+              {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
            </RippleButton>
            <LoadingButton
              isLoading={isSaving}
@@ -1162,7 +1165,7 @@ export function SettingsDialog({
              }}
              disabled={isLoading || !hasChanges}
            >
-              Save Settings
+              {t("common.buttons.saveSettings")}
            </LoadingButton>
          </DialogFooter>
        </DialogContent>
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ function ObjectEditor({
  title,
  readOnly = false,
 }: ObjectEditorProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [jsonString, setJsonString] = useState("");

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ function ObjectEditor({
        onChange={(e) => {
          handleChange(e.target.value);
        }}
-        placeholder={`Enter ${title} as JSON`}
+        placeholder={t("fingerprint.enterAsJson", { title })}
        className="font-mono text-sm"
        rows={6}
        disabled={readOnly}
@@ -465,7 +466,9 @@ export function SharedCamoufoxConfigForm({
                      e.target.value || undefined,
                    );
                  }}
-                  placeholder="e.g., Intel Mac OS X 10.15"
+                  placeholder={t(
+                    "config.camoufox.fingerprint.osCpuPlaceholder",
+                  )}
                />
              </div>
              <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -904,7 +907,9 @@ export function SharedCamoufoxConfigForm({
                      e.target.value || undefined,
                    );
                  }}
-                  placeholder="e.g., llvmpipe, or similar"
+                  placeholder={t(
+                    "config.camoufox.fingerprint.webglRendererPlaceholder",
+                  )}
                />
              </div>
            </div>
@@ -1010,7 +1015,7 @@ export function SharedCamoufoxConfigForm({
                  selected.map((s: Option) => s.value),
                );
              }}
-              placeholder="Add fonts..."
+              placeholder={t("fingerprint.addFontsPlaceholder")}
              creatable
            />
          </div>
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export function SyncConfigDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: SyncConfigDialogProps) {

  const handleTestConnection = useCallback(async () => {
    if (!serverUrl) {
-      showErrorToast("Please enter a server URL");
+      showErrorToast(t("sync.config.serverUrlRequired"));
      return;
    }

@@ -137,18 +137,18 @@ export function SyncConfigDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: SyncConfigDialogProps) {
      const response = await fetch(healthUrl);
      if (response.ok) {
        setConnectionStatus("connected");
-        showSuccessToast("Connection successful!");
+        showSuccessToast(t("sync.config.connectionSuccess"));
      } else {
        setConnectionStatus("error");
-        showErrorToast("Server responded with an error");
+        showErrorToast(t("sync.config.serverError"));
      }
    } catch {
      setConnectionStatus("error");
-      showErrorToast("Failed to connect to server");
+      showErrorToast(t("sync.config.connectFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsTesting(false);
    }
-  }, [serverUrl]);
+  }, [serverUrl, t]);

  const handleSave = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsSaving(true);
@@ -162,15 +162,15 @@ export function SyncConfigDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: SyncConfigDialogProps) {
      } catch (e) {
        console.error("Failed to restart sync service:", e);
      }
-      showSuccessToast("Sync settings saved");
+      showSuccessToast(t("sync.config.settingsSaved"));
      onClose();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to save sync settings:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to save settings");
+      showErrorToast(t("sync.config.saveFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsSaving(false);
    }
-  }, [serverUrl, token, onClose]);
+  }, [serverUrl, token, onClose, t]);

  const handleDisconnect = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsSaving(true);
@@ -187,14 +187,14 @@ export function SyncConfigDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: SyncConfigDialogProps) {
      setServerUrl("");
      setToken("");
      setConnectionStatus("unknown");
-      showSuccessToast("Sync disconnected");
+      showSuccessToast(t("sync.config.disconnected"));
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to disconnect:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to disconnect");
+      showErrorToast(t("sync.config.disconnectFailed"));
    } finally {
      setIsSaving(false);
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const handleOpenLogin = useCallback(async () => {
    try {
@@ -452,7 +452,11 @@ export function SyncConfigDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: SyncConfigDialogProps) {
                              setShowToken(!showToken);
                            }}
                            className="absolute right-3 top-1/2 p-1 rounded-sm transition-colors transform -translate-y-1/2 hover:bg-accent"
-                            aria-label={showToken ? "Hide token" : "Show token"}
+                            aria-label={
+                              showToken
+                                ? t("common.aria.hideToken")
+                                : t("common.aria.showToken")
+                            }
                          >
                            {showToken ? (
                              <LuEyeOff className="w-4 h-4 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground" />
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import * as React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import {
  Area,
  AreaChart,
@@ -152,6 +153,7 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
  profileId,
  profileName,
 }: TrafficDetailsDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [stats, setStats] = React.useState<FilteredTrafficStats | null>(null);
  const [timePeriod, setTimePeriod] = React.useState<TimePeriod>("5m");

@@ -211,7 +213,9 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
          {payload.map((entry) => (
            <p key={String(entry.dataKey)} className="text-sm">
              <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                {entry.dataKey === "sent" ? "↑ Sent: " : "↓ Received: "}
+                {entry.dataKey === "sent"
+                  ? t("traffic.tooltipSent")
+                  : t("traffic.tooltipReceived")}
              </span>
              <span className="font-medium">
                {formatBytesPerSecond(
@@ -223,7 +227,7 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
        </div>
      );
    },
-    [],
+    [t],
  );

  // Top domains sorted by total traffic
@@ -255,7 +259,7 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
      <DialogContent className="max-w-2xl">
        <DialogHeader>
          <DialogTitle>
-            Traffic Details
+            {t("traffic.title")}
            {profileName && (
              <span className="text-muted-foreground font-normal ml-2">
                — {profileName}
@@ -269,7 +273,9 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
            {/* Chart with Period Selector */}
            <div>
              <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2">
-                <h3 className="text-sm font-medium">Bandwidth Over Time</h3>
+                <h3 className="text-sm font-medium">
+                  {t("traffic.bandwidthOverTime")}
+                </h3>
                <Select
                  value={timePeriod}
                  onValueChange={(v) => {
@@ -277,19 +283,21 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
                  }}
                >
                  <SelectTrigger className="w-[120px] h-8">
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="Time period" />
+                    <SelectValue
+                      placeholder={t("traffic.timePeriodPlaceholder")}
+                    />
                  </SelectTrigger>
                  <SelectContent>
-                    <SelectItem value="1m">Last 1 min</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="5m">Last 5 min</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="30m">Last 30 min</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="1h">Last 1 hour</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="2h">Last 2 hours</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="4h">Last 4 hours</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="1d">Last 1 day</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="7d">Last 7 days</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="30d">Last 30 days</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="all">All time</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="1m">{t("traffic.last1m")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="5m">{t("traffic.last5m")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="30m">{t("traffic.last30m")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="1h">{t("traffic.last1h")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="2h">{t("traffic.last2h")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="4h">{t("traffic.last4h")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="1d">{t("traffic.last1d")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="7d">{t("traffic.last7d")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="30d">{t("traffic.last30d")}</SelectItem>
+                    <SelectItem value="all">{t("traffic.allTime")}</SelectItem>
                  </SelectContent>
                </Select>
              </div>
@@ -393,7 +401,9 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
                    className="w-3 h-3 rounded"
                    style={{ backgroundColor: "var(--chart-1)" }}
                  />
-                  <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Sent</span>
+                  <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                    {t("traffic.sentLegend")}
+                  </span>
                </div>
                <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                  <div
@@ -401,7 +411,7 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
                    style={{ backgroundColor: "var(--chart-2)" }}
                  />
                  <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                    Received
+                    {t("traffic.receivedLegend")}
                  </span>
                </div>
              </div>
@@ -411,7 +421,12 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
            <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-4">
              <div className="bg-muted/50 rounded-lg p-3">
                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  Sent ({timePeriod === "all" ? "total" : timePeriod})
+                  {t("traffic.sentLabel", {
+                    period:
+                      timePeriod === "all"
+                        ? t("traffic.totalSuffix")
+                        : timePeriod,
+                  })}
                </p>
                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-chart-1">
                  {formatBytes(stats?.period_bytes_sent ?? 0)}
@@ -419,7 +434,12 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
              </div>
              <div className="bg-muted/50 rounded-lg p-3">
                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  Received ({timePeriod === "all" ? "total" : timePeriod})
+                  {t("traffic.receivedLabel", {
+                    period:
+                      timePeriod === "all"
+                        ? t("traffic.totalSuffix")
+                        : timePeriod,
+                  })}
                </p>
                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-chart-2">
                  {formatBytes(stats?.period_bytes_received ?? 0)}
@@ -427,7 +447,12 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
              </div>
              <div className="bg-muted/50 rounded-lg p-3">
                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  Requests ({timePeriod === "all" ? "total" : timePeriod})
+                  {t("traffic.requestsLabel", {
+                    period:
+                      timePeriod === "all"
+                        ? t("traffic.totalSuffix")
+                        : timePeriod,
+                  })}
                </p>
                <p className="text-lg font-semibold">
                  {(stats?.period_requests ?? 0).toLocaleString()}
@@ -438,38 +463,50 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
            {/* Total Stats (smaller, under period stats) */}
            <div className="flex items-center gap-6 text-sm text-muted-foreground border-t pt-4">
              <div>
-                <span className="font-medium">All-time traffic:</span>{" "}
+                <span className="font-medium">
+                  {t("traffic.allTimeTraffic")}
+                </span>{" "}
                {formatBytes(
                  (stats?.total_bytes_sent ?? 0) +
                    (stats?.total_bytes_received ?? 0),
                )}
              </div>
              <div>
-                <span className="font-medium">All-time requests:</span>{" "}
+                <span className="font-medium">
+                  {t("traffic.allTimeRequests")}
+                </span>{" "}
                {stats?.total_requests?.toLocaleString() ?? 0}
              </div>
            </div>

            {/* Disclaimer about proxy/VPN traffic calculation */}
            <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground italic">
-              Note: If you are using a proxy, VPN, or similar service, your
-              provider may calculate traffic differently due to encryption
-              overhead and protocol differences.
+              {t("traffic.proxyDisclaimer")}
            </p>

            {/* Top Domains by Traffic */}
            {topDomainsByTraffic.length > 0 && (
              <div>
                <h3 className="text-sm font-medium mb-2">
-                  Top Domains by Traffic (
-                  {timePeriod === "all" ? "all time" : timePeriod})
+                  {t("traffic.topByTraffic", {
+                    period:
+                      timePeriod === "all"
+                        ? t("traffic.allTimeShort")
+                        : timePeriod,
+                  })}
                </h3>
                <div className="border rounded-md">
                  <div className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_80px_80px_80px] gap-2 px-3 py-2 text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground border-b bg-muted/30">
-                    <span>Domain</span>
-                    <span className="text-right">Requests</span>
-                    <span className="text-right">Sent</span>
-                    <span className="text-right">Received</span>
+                    <span>{t("traffic.columnDomain")}</span>
+                    <span className="text-right">
+                      {t("traffic.columnRequests")}
+                    </span>
+                    <span className="text-right">
+                      {t("traffic.columnSent")}
+                    </span>
+                    <span className="text-right">
+                      {t("traffic.columnReceived")}
+                    </span>
                  </div>
                  <div className="max-h-[180px] overflow-y-auto">
                    {topDomainsByTraffic.map((domain, index) => (
@@ -503,14 +540,22 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
            {topDomainsByRequests.length > 0 && (
              <div>
                <h3 className="text-sm font-medium mb-2">
-                  Top Domains by Requests (
-                  {timePeriod === "all" ? "all time" : timePeriod})
+                  {t("traffic.topByRequests", {
+                    period:
+                      timePeriod === "all"
+                        ? t("traffic.allTimeShort")
+                        : timePeriod,
+                  })}
                </h3>
                <div className="border rounded-md">
                  <div className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_80px_100px] gap-2 px-3 py-2 text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground border-b bg-muted/30">
-                    <span>Domain</span>
-                    <span className="text-right">Requests</span>
-                    <span className="text-right">Total Traffic</span>
+                    <span>{t("traffic.columnDomain")}</span>
+                    <span className="text-right">
+                      {t("traffic.columnRequests")}
+                    </span>
+                    <span className="text-right">
+                      {t("traffic.columnTotal")}
+                    </span>
                  </div>
                  <div className="max-h-[180px] overflow-y-auto">
                    {topDomainsByRequests.map((domain, index) => (
@@ -543,7 +588,7 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
            {stats?.unique_ips && stats.unique_ips.length > 0 && (
              <div>
                <h3 className="text-sm font-medium mb-2">
-                  Unique IPs ({stats.unique_ips.length})
+                  {t("traffic.uniqueIps", { count: stats.unique_ips.length })}
                </h3>
                <div className="border rounded-md p-3 max-h-[120px] overflow-y-auto">
                  <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
@@ -563,10 +608,8 @@ export function TrafficDetailsDialog({
            {/* No data state */}
            {!stats && (
              <div className="text-center py-8 text-muted-foreground">
-                <p>No traffic data available for this profile.</p>
-                <p className="text-sm mt-1">
-                  Traffic data will appear after you launch the profile.
-                </p>
+                <p>{t("traffic.noData")}</p>
+                <p className="text-sm mt-1">{t("traffic.noDataHint")}</p>
              </div>
            )}
          </div>
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
  useRef,
  useState,
 } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuPipette } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
@@ -366,12 +367,13 @@ export const ColorPickerOutput = ({
  className: _className,
  ...props
 }: ColorPickerOutputProps) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const { mode, setMode } = useColorPicker();

  return (
    <Select onValueChange={setMode} value={mode}>
      <SelectTrigger className="w-20 h-8 text-xs shrink-0" {...props}>
-        <SelectValue placeholder="Mode" />
+        <SelectValue placeholder={t("common.labels.mode")} />
      </SelectTrigger>
      <SelectContent>
        {formats.map((format) => (
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 "use client";

 import * as React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuCheck, LuChevronsUpDown } from "react-icons/lu";

 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
@@ -39,13 +40,18 @@ export function Combobox({
  options,
  value,
  onValueChange,
-  placeholder = "Select option...",
-  searchPlaceholder = "Search...",
+  placeholder,
+  searchPlaceholder,
  className,
  disabled,
 }: ComboboxProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false);

+  const resolvedPlaceholder = placeholder ?? t("common.buttons.select");
+  const resolvedSearchPlaceholder =
+    searchPlaceholder ?? t("common.buttons.search");
+
  return (
    <Popover open={open} onOpenChange={disabled ? undefined : setOpen}>
      <PopoverTrigger asChild>
@@ -58,15 +64,15 @@ export function Combobox({
        >
          {value
            ? options.find((option) => option.value === value)?.label
-            : placeholder}
+            : resolvedPlaceholder}
          <LuChevronsUpDown className="ml-2 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 opacity-50" />
        </Button>
      </PopoverTrigger>
      <PopoverContent className="w-full p-0">
        <Command>
-          <CommandInput placeholder={searchPlaceholder} />
+          <CommandInput placeholder={resolvedSearchPlaceholder} />
          <CommandList>
-            <CommandEmpty>No option found.</CommandEmpty>
+            <CommandEmpty>{t("common.noResults")}</CommandEmpty>
            <CommandGroup>
              {options.map((option) => (
                <CommandItem
@@ -100,77 +106,3 @@ export function Combobox({
    </Popover>
  );
 }
-
-const frameworks = [
-  {
-    value: "next.js",
-    label: "Next.js",
-  },
-  {
-    value: "sveltekit",
-    label: "SvelteKit",
-  },
-  {
-    value: "nuxt.js",
-    label: "Nuxt.js",
-  },
-  {
-    value: "remix",
-    label: "Remix",
-  },
-  {
-    value: "astro",
-    label: "Astro",
-  },
-];
-
-export function ComboboxDemo() {
-  const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false);
-  const [value, setValue] = React.useState("");
-
-  return (
-    <Popover open={open} onOpenChange={setOpen}>
-      <PopoverTrigger asChild>
-        <Button
-          variant="outline"
-          role="combobox"
-          aria-expanded={open}
-          className="w-[200px] justify-between"
-        >
-          {value
-            ? frameworks.find((framework) => framework.value === value)?.label
-            : "Select framework..."}
-          <LuChevronsUpDown className="ml-2 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 opacity-50" />
-        </Button>
-      </PopoverTrigger>
-      <PopoverContent className="w-[200px] p-0">
-        <Command>
-          <CommandInput placeholder="Search framework..." />
-          <CommandList>
-            <CommandEmpty>No framework found.</CommandEmpty>
-            <CommandGroup>
-              {frameworks.map((framework) => (
-                <CommandItem
-                  key={framework.value}
-                  value={framework.value}
-                  onSelect={(currentValue) => {
-                    setValue(currentValue === value ? "" : currentValue);
-                    setOpen(false);
-                  }}
-                >
-                  <LuCheck
-                    className={cn(
-                      "mr-2 h-4 w-4",
-                      value === framework.value ? "opacity-100" : "opacity-0",
-                    )}
-                  />
-                  {framework.label}
-                </CommandItem>
-              ))}
-            </CommandGroup>
-          </CommandList>
-        </Command>
-      </PopoverContent>
-    </Popover>
-  );
-}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { Command as CommandPrimitive } from "cmdk";
 import type * as React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuSearch } from "react-icons/lu";

 import {
@@ -30,19 +31,23 @@ function Command({
 }

 function CommandDialog({
-  title = "Command Palette",
-  description = "Search for a command to run...",
+  title,
+  description,
  children,
  ...props
 }: React.ComponentProps<typeof Dialog> & {
  title?: string;
  description?: string;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const resolvedTitle = title ?? t("common.commandPalette.title");
+  const resolvedDescription =
+    description ?? t("common.commandPalette.description");
  return (
    <Dialog {...props}>
      <DialogHeader className="sr-only">
-        <DialogTitle>{title}</DialogTitle>
-        <DialogDescription>{description}</DialogDescription>
+        <DialogTitle>{resolvedTitle}</DialogTitle>
+        <DialogDescription>{resolvedDescription}</DialogDescription>
      </DialogHeader>
      <DialogContent className="overflow-hidden p-0">
        <Command className="[&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:text-muted-foreground **:data-[slot=command-input-wrapper]:h-12 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:px-2 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:font-medium [&_[cmdk-group]]:px-2 [&_[cmdk-group]:not([hidden])_~[cmdk-group]]:pt-0 [&_[cmdk-input-wrapper]_svg]:h-5 [&_[cmdk-input-wrapper]_svg]:w-5 [&_[cmdk-input]]:h-12 [&_[cmdk-item]]:px-2 [&_[cmdk-item]]:py-3 [&_[cmdk-item]_svg]:h-5 [&_[cmdk-item]_svg]:w-5">
@@ -111,7 +116,7 @@ function CommandGroup({
    <CommandPrimitive.Group
      data-slot="command-group"
      className={cn(
-        "text-foreground [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:text-muted-foreground overflow-x-hidden p-1 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:px-2 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:py-1.5 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:text-xs [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:font-medium overflow-y-scroll",
+        "text-foreground [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:text-muted-foreground overflow-x-hidden p-1 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:px-2 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:py-1.5 [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:text-xs [&_[cmdk-group-heading]]:font-medium",
        className,
      )}
      {...props}
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 "use client";

 import { useCallback, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuCheck, LuCopy } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import { showSuccessToast } from "@/lib/toast-utils";
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ export function CopyToClipboard({
  className,
  successMessage = "Copied to clipboard",
 }: CopyToClipboardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false);

  const copyToClipboard = useCallback(async () => {
@@ -47,9 +49,11 @@ export function CopyToClipboard({
      size={size}
      className={`relative ${className ?? ""}`}
      onClick={copyToClipboard}
-      aria-label={copied ? "Copied" : "Copy to clipboard"}
+      aria-label={copied ? t("common.aria.copied") : t("common.aria.copy")}
    >
-      <span className="sr-only">{copied ? "Copied" : "Copy"}</span>
+      <span className="sr-only">
+        {copied ? t("common.srOnly.copied") : t("common.srOnly.copy")}
+      </span>
      <LuCopy
        className={`h-4 w-4 transition-all duration-300 ${
          copied ? "scale-0" : "scale-100"
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { AnimatePresence, type HTMLMotionProps, motion } from "motion/react";
 import { Dialog as DialogPrimitive } from "radix-ui";
 import type * as React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { RxCross2 } from "react-icons/rx";

 import { useControlledState } from "@/hooks/use-controlled-state";
@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ function DialogContent({
  transition = { type: "spring", stiffness: 150, damping: 25 },
  ...props
 }: DialogContentProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const initialRotation =
    from === "bottom" || from === "left" ? "20deg" : "-20deg";
  const isVertical = from === "top" || from === "bottom";
@@ -158,7 +160,7 @@ function DialogContent({
          }}
          transition={transition}
          className={cn(
-            "bg-background fixed top-[50%] left-[50%] z-10000 grid w-full max-w-[calc(100%-2rem)] translate-x-[-50%] translate-y-[-50%] gap-4 rounded-lg border p-6 shadow-lg sm:max-w-lg",
+            "bg-background fixed top-[50%] left-[50%] z-10000 grid w-full max-w-[calc(100%-2rem)] translate-x-[-50%] translate-y-[-50%] gap-4 rounded-lg border p-6 shadow-lg",
            className,
          )}
          {...props}
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ function DialogContent({
          {children}
          <DialogPrimitive.Close className="cursor-pointer ring-offset-background focus:ring-ring data-[state=open]:bg-accent data-[state=open]:text-muted-foreground absolute top-4 right-4 rounded-xs opacity-70 transition-opacity hover:opacity-100 focus:ring-2 focus:ring-offset-2 focus:outline-hidden disabled:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:shrink-0 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4">
            <RxCross2 />
-            <span className="sr-only">Close</span>
+            <span className="sr-only">{t("common.buttons.close")}</span>
          </DialogPrimitive.Close>
        </motion.div>
      </DialogPrimitive.Content>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import * as React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { FiCheck } from "react-icons/fi";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ export function VpnCheckButton({
  setCheckingVpnId,
  disabled = false,
 }: VpnCheckButtonProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [result, setResult] = React.useState<ProxyCheckResult | undefined>();

  const handleCheck = React.useCallback(async () => {
@@ -41,14 +43,14 @@ export function VpnCheckButton({
      setResult(checkResult);

      if (checkResult.is_valid) {
-        toast.success(`VPN "${vpnName}" configuration is valid`);
+        toast.success(t("vpnCheck.valid", { name: vpnName }));
      } else {
-        toast.error(`VPN "${vpnName}" configuration is invalid`);
+        toast.error(t("vpnCheck.invalid", { name: vpnName }));
      }
    } catch (error) {
      const errorMessage =
        error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-      toast.error(`VPN check failed: ${errorMessage}`);
+      toast.error(t("vpnCheck.failed", { error: errorMessage }));

      setResult({
        ip: "",
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ export function VpnCheckButton({
    } finally {
      setCheckingVpnId(null);
    }
-  }, [vpnId, vpnName, checkingVpnId, setCheckingVpnId]);
+  }, [vpnId, vpnName, checkingVpnId, setCheckingVpnId, t]);

  const isCurrentlyChecking = checkingVpnId === vpnId;

@@ -85,23 +87,27 @@ export function VpnCheckButton({
      </TooltipTrigger>
      <TooltipContent>
        {isCurrentlyChecking ? (
-          <p>Checking VPN config...</p>
+          <p>{t("vpnCheck.tooltipChecking")}</p>
        ) : result?.is_valid ? (
          <div className="space-y-1">
-            <p>Configuration valid</p>
+            <p>{t("vpnCheck.tooltipValid")}</p>
            <p className="text-xs text-primary-foreground/70">
-              Checked {formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp)}
+              {t("vpnCheck.tooltipChecked", {
+                time: formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp),
+              })}
            </p>
          </div>
        ) : result && !result.is_valid ? (
          <div>
-            <p>Configuration invalid</p>
+            <p>{t("vpnCheck.tooltipInvalid")}</p>
            <p className="text-xs text-primary-foreground/70">
-              Checked {formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp)}
+              {t("vpnCheck.tooltipChecked", {
+                time: formatRelativeTime(result.timestamp),
+              })}
            </p>
          </div>
        ) : (
-          <p>Check VPN config validity</p>
+          <p>{t("vpnCheck.tooltipDefault")}</p>
        )}
      </TooltipContent>
    </Tooltip>
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
-import { Alert, AlertDescription, AlertTitle } from "@/components/ui/alert";
 import {
  Dialog,
  DialogContent,
@@ -19,15 +18,7 @@ import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
 import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
 import { RippleButton } from "@/components/ui/ripple";
 import { ScrollArea } from "@/components/ui/scroll-area";
-import {
-  Select,
-  SelectContent,
-  SelectItem,
-  SelectTrigger,
-  SelectValue,
-} from "@/components/ui/select";
-import { Textarea } from "@/components/ui/textarea";
-import type { VpnConfig, VpnType } from "@/types";
+import type { VpnConfig } from "@/types";

 interface VpnFormDialogProps {
  isOpen: boolean;
@@ -48,19 +39,6 @@ interface WireGuardFormData {
  presharedKey: string;
 }

-interface OpenVpnFormData {
-  name: string;
-  rawConfig: string;
-}
-
-interface VpnDependencyStatus {
-  isAvailable: boolean;
-  requiresExternalInstall: boolean;
-  missingBinary: boolean;
-  missingWindowsAdapter: boolean;
-  dependencyCheckFailed: boolean;
-}
-
 const defaultWireGuardForm: WireGuardFormData = {
  name: "",
  privateKey: "",
@@ -74,11 +52,6 @@ const defaultWireGuardForm: WireGuardFormData = {
  presharedKey: "",
 };

-const defaultOpenVpnForm: OpenVpnFormData = {
-  name: "",
-  rawConfig: "",
-};
-
 function buildWireGuardConfig(form: WireGuardFormData): string {
  const lines: string[] = ["[Interface]"];
  lines.push(`PrivateKey = ${form.privateKey.trim()}`);
@@ -104,61 +77,23 @@ export function VpnFormDialog({
 }: VpnFormDialogProps) {
  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);
-  const [vpnType, setVpnType] = useState<VpnType>("WireGuard");
  const [wireGuardForm, setWireGuardForm] =
    useState<WireGuardFormData>(defaultWireGuardForm);
-  const [openVpnForm, setOpenVpnForm] =
-    useState<OpenVpnFormData>(defaultOpenVpnForm);
-  const [vpnDependencyStatus, setVpnDependencyStatus] =
-    useState<VpnDependencyStatus | null>(null);

  const resetForms = useCallback(() => {
-    setVpnType("WireGuard");
    setWireGuardForm(defaultWireGuardForm);
-    setOpenVpnForm(defaultOpenVpnForm);
  }, []);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (isOpen) {
      if (editingVpn) {
-        setVpnType(editingVpn.vpn_type);
-        if (editingVpn.vpn_type === "WireGuard") {
-          setWireGuardForm({ ...defaultWireGuardForm, name: editingVpn.name });
-        } else {
-          setOpenVpnForm({ name: editingVpn.name, rawConfig: "" });
-        }
+        setWireGuardForm({ ...defaultWireGuardForm, name: editingVpn.name });
      } else {
        resetForms();
      }
    }
  }, [isOpen, editingVpn, resetForms]);

-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!isOpen) {
-      setVpnDependencyStatus(null);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    let cancelled = false;
-
-    void invoke<VpnDependencyStatus>("get_vpn_dependency_status", { vpnType })
-      .then((status) => {
-        if (!cancelled) {
-          setVpnDependencyStatus(status);
-        }
-      })
-      .catch((error) => {
-        console.error("Failed to load VPN dependency status:", error);
-        if (!cancelled) {
-          setVpnDependencyStatus(null);
-        }
-      });
-
-    return () => {
-      cancelled = true;
-    };
-  }, [isOpen, vpnType]);
-
  const handleClose = useCallback(() => {
    if (!isSubmitting) {
      onClose();
@@ -167,13 +102,10 @@ export function VpnFormDialog({

  const handleSubmit = useCallback(async () => {
    if (editingVpn) {
-      const name =
-        vpnType === "WireGuard"
-          ? wireGuardForm.name.trim()
-          : openVpnForm.name.trim();
+      const name = wireGuardForm.name.trim();

      if (!name) {
-        toast.error("VPN name is required");
+        toast.error(t("vpns.form.nameRequired"));
        return;
      }

@@ -184,92 +116,61 @@ export function VpnFormDialog({
          name,
        });
        await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
-        toast.success("VPN updated successfully");
+        toast.success(t("vpns.form.updated"));
        onClose();
      } catch (error) {
        const errorMessage =
          error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        toast.error(`Failed to update VPN: ${errorMessage}`);
+        toast.error(t("vpns.form.updateFailed", { error: errorMessage }));
      } finally {
        setIsSubmitting(false);
      }
      return;
    }

-    if (vpnType === "WireGuard") {
-      const { name, privateKey, address, peerPublicKey, peerEndpoint } =
-        wireGuardForm;
+    const { name, privateKey, address, peerPublicKey, peerEndpoint } =
+      wireGuardForm;

-      if (!name.trim()) {
-        toast.error("VPN name is required");
-        return;
-      }
-      if (!privateKey.trim()) {
-        toast.error("Private key is required");
-        return;
-      }
-      if (!address.trim()) {
-        toast.error("Address is required");
-        return;
-      }
-      if (!peerPublicKey.trim()) {
-        toast.error("Peer public key is required");
-        return;
-      }
-      if (!peerEndpoint.trim()) {
-        toast.error("Peer endpoint is required");
-        return;
-      }
-
-      setIsSubmitting(true);
-      try {
-        const configData = buildWireGuardConfig(wireGuardForm);
-        await invoke("create_vpn_config_manual", {
-          name: name.trim(),
-          vpnType: "WireGuard",
-          configData,
-        });
-        await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
-        toast.success("WireGuard VPN created successfully");
-        onClose();
-      } catch (error) {
-        const errorMessage =
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        toast.error(`Failed to create VPN: ${errorMessage}`);
-      } finally {
-        setIsSubmitting(false);
-      }
-    } else {
-      const { name, rawConfig } = openVpnForm;
-
-      if (!name.trim()) {
-        toast.error("VPN name is required");
-        return;
-      }
-      if (!rawConfig.trim()) {
-        toast.error("OpenVPN config content is required");
-        return;
-      }
-
-      setIsSubmitting(true);
-      try {
-        await invoke("create_vpn_config_manual", {
-          name: name.trim(),
-          vpnType: "OpenVPN",
-          configData: rawConfig,
-        });
-        await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
-        toast.success("OpenVPN configuration created successfully");
-        onClose();
-      } catch (error) {
-        const errorMessage =
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        toast.error(`Failed to create VPN: ${errorMessage}`);
-      } finally {
-        setIsSubmitting(false);
-      }
+    if (!name.trim()) {
+      toast.error(t("vpns.form.nameRequired"));
+      return;
    }
-  }, [editingVpn, vpnType, wireGuardForm, openVpnForm, onClose]);
+    if (!privateKey.trim()) {
+      toast.error(t("vpns.form.privateKeyRequired"));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!address.trim()) {
+      toast.error(t("vpns.form.addressRequired"));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!peerPublicKey.trim()) {
+      toast.error(t("vpns.form.peerPublicKeyRequired"));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!peerEndpoint.trim()) {
+      toast.error(t("vpns.form.peerEndpointRequired"));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    setIsSubmitting(true);
+    try {
+      const configData = buildWireGuardConfig(wireGuardForm);
+      await invoke("create_vpn_config_manual", {
+        name: name.trim(),
+        vpnType: "WireGuard",
+        configData,
+      });
+      await emit("vpn-configs-changed");
+      toast.success(t("vpns.form.created"));
+      onClose();
+    } catch (error) {
+      const errorMessage =
+        error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      toast.error(t("vpns.form.createFailed", { error: errorMessage }));
+    } finally {
+      setIsSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  }, [editingVpn, wireGuardForm, onClose, t]);

  const updateWireGuard = useCallback(
    (field: keyof WireGuardFormData, value: string) => {
@@ -278,54 +179,12 @@ export function VpnFormDialog({
    [],
  );

-  const updateOpenVpn = useCallback(
-    (field: keyof OpenVpnFormData, value: string) => {
-      setOpenVpnForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, [field]: value }));
-    },
-    [],
-  );
-
  const dialogTitle = editingVpn
-    ? "Edit VPN"
-    : vpnType === "WireGuard"
-      ? "Create WireGuard VPN"
-      : "Create OpenVPN Configuration";
-
+    ? t("vpns.form.titleEdit")
+    : t("vpns.form.titleCreate");
  const dialogDescription = editingVpn
-    ? "Update the name of your VPN configuration."
-    : vpnType === "WireGuard"
-      ? "Enter your WireGuard interface and peer details."
-      : "Paste your .ovpn configuration file content.";
-
-  let dependencyWarningTitle: string | null = null;
-  let dependencyWarningDescription: string | null = null;
-
-  if (
-    vpnType === "OpenVPN" &&
-    vpnDependencyStatus?.requiresExternalInstall &&
-    !vpnDependencyStatus.isAvailable
-  ) {
-    if (vpnDependencyStatus.missingBinary) {
-      dependencyWarningTitle = t("vpnForm.dependencies.openVpnMissingTitle");
-      dependencyWarningDescription = t(
-        "vpnForm.dependencies.openVpnMissingDescription",
-      );
-    } else if (vpnDependencyStatus.missingWindowsAdapter) {
-      dependencyWarningTitle = t(
-        "vpnForm.dependencies.openVpnAdapterMissingTitle",
-      );
-      dependencyWarningDescription = t(
-        "vpnForm.dependencies.openVpnAdapterMissingDescription",
-      );
-    } else if (vpnDependencyStatus.dependencyCheckFailed) {
-      dependencyWarningTitle = t(
-        "vpnForm.dependencies.openVpnCheckFailedTitle",
-      );
-      dependencyWarningDescription = t(
-        "vpnForm.dependencies.openVpnCheckFailedDescription",
-      );
-    }
-  }
+    ? t("vpns.form.descEdit")
+    : t("vpns.form.descCreate");

  return (
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
@@ -337,221 +196,155 @@ export function VpnFormDialog({

        <ScrollArea className="max-h-[60vh] pr-4">
          <div className="grid gap-4 py-2">
-            {dependencyWarningTitle && dependencyWarningDescription && (
-              <Alert className="border-warning/50 bg-warning/10">
-                <AlertTitle className="text-warning">
-                  {dependencyWarningTitle}
-                </AlertTitle>
-                <AlertDescription className="text-warning">
-                  {dependencyWarningDescription}
-                </AlertDescription>
-              </Alert>
-            )}
+            <div className="grid gap-2">
+              <Label htmlFor="wg-name">{t("vpns.form.name")}</Label>
+              <Input
+                id="wg-name"
+                value={wireGuardForm.name}
+                onChange={(e) => {
+                  updateWireGuard("name", e.target.value);
+                }}
+                placeholder={t("vpns.form.namePlaceholder")}
+                disabled={isSubmitting}
+              />
+            </div>

            {!editingVpn && (
-              <div className="grid gap-2">
-                <Label>VPN Type</Label>
-                <Select
-                  value={vpnType}
-                  onValueChange={(value) => {
-                    setVpnType(value as VpnType);
-                  }}
-                  disabled={isSubmitting}
-                >
-                  <SelectTrigger className="w-full">
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="Select VPN type" />
-                  </SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectContent>
-                    <SelectItem value="WireGuard">WireGuard</SelectItem>
-                    <SelectItem value="OpenVPN">OpenVPN</SelectItem>
-                  </SelectContent>
-                </Select>
-              </div>
-            )}
-
-            {vpnType === "WireGuard" && (
              <>
                <div className="grid gap-2">
-                  <Label htmlFor="wg-name">Name</Label>
+                  <Label htmlFor="wg-private-key">
+                    {t("vpns.form.privateKey")}
+                  </Label>
                  <Input
-                    id="wg-name"
-                    value={wireGuardForm.name}
+                    id="wg-private-key"
+                    value={wireGuardForm.privateKey}
                    onChange={(e) => {
-                      updateWireGuard("name", e.target.value);
+                      updateWireGuard("privateKey", e.target.value);
                    }}
-                    placeholder="e.g. Home WireGuard"
+                    placeholder={t("vpns.form.privateKeyPlaceholder")}
                    disabled={isSubmitting}
                  />
                </div>

-                {!editingVpn && (
-                  <>
-                    <div className="grid gap-2">
-                      <Label htmlFor="wg-private-key">Private Key</Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id="wg-private-key"
-                        value={wireGuardForm.privateKey}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          updateWireGuard("privateKey", e.target.value);
-                        }}
-                        placeholder="Base64-encoded private key"
-                        disabled={isSubmitting}
-                      />
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className="grid gap-2">
-                      <Label htmlFor="wg-address">Address</Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id="wg-address"
-                        value={wireGuardForm.address}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          updateWireGuard("address", e.target.value);
-                        }}
-                        placeholder="e.g. 10.0.0.2/24"
-                        disabled={isSubmitting}
-                      />
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
-                      <div className="grid gap-2">
-                        <Label htmlFor="wg-dns">DNS (optional)</Label>
-                        <Input
-                          id="wg-dns"
-                          value={wireGuardForm.dns}
-                          onChange={(e) => {
-                            updateWireGuard("dns", e.target.value);
-                          }}
-                          placeholder="e.g. 1.1.1.1"
-                          disabled={isSubmitting}
-                        />
-                      </div>
-
-                      <div className="grid gap-2">
-                        <Label htmlFor="wg-mtu">MTU (optional)</Label>
-                        <Input
-                          id="wg-mtu"
-                          type="number"
-                          value={wireGuardForm.mtu}
-                          onChange={(e) => {
-                            updateWireGuard("mtu", e.target.value);
-                          }}
-                          placeholder="e.g. 1420"
-                          disabled={isSubmitting}
-                        />
-                      </div>
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className="grid gap-2">
-                      <Label htmlFor="wg-peer-public-key">
-                        Peer Public Key
-                      </Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id="wg-peer-public-key"
-                        value={wireGuardForm.peerPublicKey}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          updateWireGuard("peerPublicKey", e.target.value);
-                        }}
-                        placeholder="Base64-encoded peer public key"
-                        disabled={isSubmitting}
-                      />
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className="grid gap-2">
-                      <Label htmlFor="wg-peer-endpoint">Peer Endpoint</Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id="wg-peer-endpoint"
-                        value={wireGuardForm.peerEndpoint}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          updateWireGuard("peerEndpoint", e.target.value);
-                        }}
-                        placeholder="e.g. vpn.example.com:51820"
-                        disabled={isSubmitting}
-                      />
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className="grid gap-2">
-                      <Label htmlFor="wg-allowed-ips">Allowed IPs</Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id="wg-allowed-ips"
-                        value={wireGuardForm.allowedIps}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          updateWireGuard("allowedIps", e.target.value);
-                        }}
-                        placeholder="e.g. 0.0.0.0/0, ::/0"
-                        disabled={isSubmitting}
-                      />
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
-                      <div className="grid gap-2">
-                        <Label htmlFor="wg-keepalive">
-                          Persistent Keepalive (optional)
-                        </Label>
-                        <Input
-                          id="wg-keepalive"
-                          type="number"
-                          value={wireGuardForm.persistentKeepalive}
-                          onChange={(e) => {
-                            updateWireGuard(
-                              "persistentKeepalive",
-                              e.target.value,
-                            );
-                          }}
-                          placeholder="e.g. 25"
-                          disabled={isSubmitting}
-                        />
-                      </div>
-
-                      <div className="grid gap-2">
-                        <Label htmlFor="wg-preshared-key">
-                          Preshared Key (optional)
-                        </Label>
-                        <Input
-                          id="wg-preshared-key"
-                          value={wireGuardForm.presharedKey}
-                          onChange={(e) => {
-                            updateWireGuard("presharedKey", e.target.value);
-                          }}
-                          placeholder="Base64-encoded preshared key"
-                          disabled={isSubmitting}
-                        />
-                      </div>
-                    </div>
-                  </>
-                )}
-              </>
-            )}
-
-            {vpnType === "OpenVPN" && (
-              <>
                <div className="grid gap-2">
-                  <Label htmlFor="ovpn-name">Name</Label>
+                  <Label htmlFor="wg-address">{t("vpns.form.address")}</Label>
                  <Input
-                    id="ovpn-name"
-                    value={openVpnForm.name}
+                    id="wg-address"
+                    value={wireGuardForm.address}
                    onChange={(e) => {
-                      updateOpenVpn("name", e.target.value);
+                      updateWireGuard("address", e.target.value);
                    }}
-                    placeholder="e.g. Work OpenVPN"
+                    placeholder={t("vpns.form.addressPlaceholder")}
                    disabled={isSubmitting}
                  />
                </div>

-                {!editingVpn && (
+                <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                  <div className="grid gap-2">
-                    <Label htmlFor="ovpn-config">Raw Config</Label>
-                    <Textarea
-                      id="ovpn-config"
-                      value={openVpnForm.rawConfig}
+                    <Label htmlFor="wg-dns">{t("vpns.form.dnsOptional")}</Label>
+                    <Input
+                      id="wg-dns"
+                      value={wireGuardForm.dns}
                      onChange={(e) => {
-                        updateOpenVpn("rawConfig", e.target.value);
+                        updateWireGuard("dns", e.target.value);
                      }}
-                      placeholder="Paste your .ovpn file content here..."
-                      className="min-h-[200px] font-mono text-xs"
+                      placeholder={t("vpns.form.dnsPlaceholder")}
                      disabled={isSubmitting}
                    />
                  </div>
-                )}
+
+                  <div className="grid gap-2">
+                    <Label htmlFor="wg-mtu">{t("vpns.form.mtuOptional")}</Label>
+                    <Input
+                      id="wg-mtu"
+                      type="number"
+                      value={wireGuardForm.mtu}
+                      onChange={(e) => {
+                        updateWireGuard("mtu", e.target.value);
+                      }}
+                      placeholder={t("vpns.form.mtuPlaceholder")}
+                      disabled={isSubmitting}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+
+                <div className="grid gap-2">
+                  <Label htmlFor="wg-peer-public-key">
+                    {t("vpns.form.peerPublicKey")}
+                  </Label>
+                  <Input
+                    id="wg-peer-public-key"
+                    value={wireGuardForm.peerPublicKey}
+                    onChange={(e) => {
+                      updateWireGuard("peerPublicKey", e.target.value);
+                    }}
+                    placeholder={t("vpns.form.peerPublicKeyPlaceholder")}
+                    disabled={isSubmitting}
+                  />
+                </div>
+
+                <div className="grid gap-2">
+                  <Label htmlFor="wg-peer-endpoint">
+                    {t("vpns.form.peerEndpoint")}
+                  </Label>
+                  <Input
+                    id="wg-peer-endpoint"
+                    value={wireGuardForm.peerEndpoint}
+                    onChange={(e) => {
+                      updateWireGuard("peerEndpoint", e.target.value);
+                    }}
+                    placeholder={t("vpns.form.peerEndpointPlaceholder")}
+                    disabled={isSubmitting}
+                  />
+                </div>
+
+                <div className="grid gap-2">
+                  <Label htmlFor="wg-allowed-ips">
+                    {t("vpns.form.allowedIps")}
+                  </Label>
+                  <Input
+                    id="wg-allowed-ips"
+                    value={wireGuardForm.allowedIps}
+                    onChange={(e) => {
+                      updateWireGuard("allowedIps", e.target.value);
+                    }}
+                    placeholder={t("vpns.form.allowedIpsPlaceholder")}
+                    disabled={isSubmitting}
+                  />
+                </div>
+
+                <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
+                  <div className="grid gap-2">
+                    <Label htmlFor="wg-keepalive">
+                      {t("vpns.form.keepaliveOptional")}
+                    </Label>
+                    <Input
+                      id="wg-keepalive"
+                      type="number"
+                      value={wireGuardForm.persistentKeepalive}
+                      onChange={(e) => {
+                        updateWireGuard("persistentKeepalive", e.target.value);
+                      }}
+                      placeholder={t("vpns.form.keepalivePlaceholder")}
+                      disabled={isSubmitting}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+
+                  <div className="grid gap-2">
+                    <Label htmlFor="wg-preshared-key">
+                      {t("vpns.form.presharedKeyOptional")}
+                    </Label>
+                    <Input
+                      id="wg-preshared-key"
+                      value={wireGuardForm.presharedKey}
+                      onChange={(e) => {
+                        updateWireGuard("presharedKey", e.target.value);
+                      }}
+                      placeholder={t("vpns.form.presharedKeyPlaceholder")}
+                      disabled={isSubmitting}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                </div>
              </>
            )}
          </div>
@@ -563,10 +356,12 @@ export function VpnFormDialog({
            onClick={handleClose}
            disabled={isSubmitting}
          >
-            Cancel
+            {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
          </RippleButton>
          <LoadingButton isLoading={isSubmitting} onClick={handleSubmit}>
-            {editingVpn ? "Update VPN" : "Create VPN"}
+            {editingVpn
+              ? t("vpns.form.updateButton")
+              : t("vpns.form.createButton")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { emit } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LuShield, LuUpload } from "react-icons/lu";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
@@ -52,21 +53,11 @@ const detectVpnType = (
      endpoint: endpointMatch ? endpointMatch[1] : null,
    };
  }
-  if (
-    lowerFilename.endsWith(".ovpn") ||
-    (content.includes("remote ") &&
-      (content.includes("client") || content.includes("dev tun")))
-  ) {
-    const remoteMatch = content.match(/remote\s+(\S+)(?:\s+(\d+))?/i);
-    const endpoint = remoteMatch
-      ? `${remoteMatch[1]}${remoteMatch[2] ? `:${remoteMatch[2]}` : ""}`
-      : null;
-    return { isVpn: true, type: "OpenVPN", endpoint };
-  }
  return { isVpn: false, type: null, endpoint: null };
 };

 export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [step, setStep] = useState<ImportStep>("dropzone");
  const [isDragOver, setIsDragOver] = useState(false);
  const [vpnPreview, setVpnPreview] = useState<VpnPreviewData | null>(null);
@@ -92,25 +83,28 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
    onClose();
  }, [resetState, onClose]);

-  const processContent = useCallback((content: string, filename: string) => {
-    const detection = detectVpnType(content, filename);
-    if (!detection.isVpn) {
-      toast.error("Content does not appear to be a valid VPN configuration");
-      return;
-    }
-    setVpnPreview({
-      content,
-      filename,
-      detectedType: detection.type,
-      endpoint: detection.endpoint,
-    });
-    const baseName = filename
-      .replace(/\.(conf|ovpn)$/i, "")
-      .replace(/_/g, " ")
-      .replace(/-/g, " ");
-    setVpnName(baseName || `${detection.type} VPN`);
-    setStep("vpn-preview");
-  }, []);
+  const processContent = useCallback(
+    (content: string, filename: string) => {
+      const detection = detectVpnType(content, filename);
+      if (!detection.isVpn) {
+        toast.error(t("vpns.import.invalidContent"));
+        return;
+      }
+      setVpnPreview({
+        content,
+        filename,
+        detectedType: detection.type,
+        endpoint: detection.endpoint,
+      });
+      const baseName = filename
+        .replace(/\.conf$/i, "")
+        .replace(/_/g, " ")
+        .replace(/-/g, " ");
+      setVpnName(baseName || `${detection.type} VPN`);
+      setStep("vpn-preview");
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const handleFileRead = useCallback(
    (file: File) => {
@@ -120,11 +114,11 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
        processContent(content, file.name);
      };
      reader.onerror = () => {
-        toast.error("Failed to read file");
+        toast.error(t("vpns.import.fileReadError"));
      };
      reader.readAsText(file);
    },
-    [processContent],
+    [processContent, t],
  );

  const handleDrop = useCallback(
@@ -132,16 +126,14 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
      e.preventDefault();
      setIsDragOver(false);
      const files = Array.from(e.dataTransfer.files);
-      const validFile = files.find(
-        (f) => f.name.endsWith(".conf") || f.name.endsWith(".ovpn"),
-      );
+      const validFile = files.find((f) => f.name.endsWith(".conf"));
      if (validFile) {
        handleFileRead(validFile);
      } else {
-        toast.error("Please drop a .conf or .ovpn file");
+        toast.error(t("vpns.import.wrongFileType"));
      }
    },
-    [handleFileRead],
+    [handleFileRead, t],
  );

  const handleDragOver = useCallback((e: React.DragEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
@@ -186,23 +178,22 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
      }
    } catch (error) {
      toast.error(
-        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to import VPN config",
+        error instanceof Error ? error.message : t("vpns.import.failedGeneric"),
      );
    } finally {
      setIsImporting(false);
    }
-  }, [vpnPreview, vpnName]);
+  }, [vpnPreview, vpnName, t]);

  return (
    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
      <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Import VPN Config</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("vpns.import.title")}</DialogTitle>
          <DialogDescription>
-            {step === "dropzone" &&
-              "Import a WireGuard (.conf) or OpenVPN (.ovpn) configuration file"}
-            {step === "vpn-preview" && "Review the VPN configuration to import"}
-            {step === "vpn-result" && "VPN import completed"}
+            {step === "dropzone" && t("vpns.import.descDropzone")}
+            {step === "vpn-preview" && t("vpns.import.descPreview")}
+            {step === "vpn-result" && t("vpns.import.descResult")}
          </DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

@@ -230,16 +221,12 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
            >
              <LuUpload className="w-10 h-10 text-muted-foreground mb-4" />
              <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground text-center">
-                Drop a VPN config file here or click to browse
-                <br />
-                <span className="text-xs">
-                  (.conf for WireGuard, .ovpn for OpenVPN)
-                </span>
+                {t("vpns.import.dropzonePrompt")}
              </p>
              <input
                id="vpn-file-input"
                type="file"
-                accept=".conf,.ovpn"
+                accept=".conf"
                className="hidden"
                onChange={(e) => {
                  const file = e.target.files?.[0];
@@ -249,7 +236,7 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
              />
            </div>
            <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground text-center">
-              Paste from clipboard with {modKey}+V
+              {t("vpns.import.pasteHint", { modKey })}
            </p>
          </div>
        )}
@@ -260,21 +247,25 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
              <LuShield className="w-8 h-8 text-primary" />
              <div>
                <div className="font-medium">
-                  {vpnPreview.detectedType} Configuration
+                  {t("vpns.import.configurationLabel", {
+                    type: vpnPreview.detectedType,
+                  })}
                </div>
                {vpnPreview.endpoint && (
                  <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                    Endpoint: {vpnPreview.endpoint}
+                    {t("vpns.import.endpointLabel", {
+                      endpoint: vpnPreview.endpoint,
+                    })}
                  </div>
                )}
              </div>
            </div>

            <div className="space-y-2">
-              <Label htmlFor="vpn-name">VPN Name</Label>
+              <Label htmlFor="vpn-name">{t("vpns.import.vpnNameLabel")}</Label>
              <Input
                id="vpn-name"
-                placeholder="My VPN"
+                placeholder={t("vpns.import.vpnNamePlaceholder")}
                value={vpnName}
                onChange={(e) => {
                  setVpnName(e.target.value);
@@ -283,7 +274,7 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
            </div>

            <div className="space-y-2">
-              <Label>Config Preview</Label>
+              <Label>{t("vpns.import.configPreview")}</Label>
              <ScrollArea className="h-[150px] border rounded-md">
                <pre className="p-2 text-xs font-mono whitespace-pre-wrap break-all">
                  {vpnPreview.content.slice(0, 1000)}
@@ -304,7 +295,7 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
                  <LuShield className="w-8 h-8 text-success" />
                  <div>
                    <div className="font-medium text-success">
-                      VPN Imported Successfully
+                      {t("vpns.import.importedSuccess")}
                    </div>
                    <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
                      {vpnImportResult.name} ({vpnImportResult.vpn_type})
@@ -314,7 +305,7 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
              ) : (
                <div className="space-y-2">
                  <div className="font-medium text-destructive">
-                    Import Failed
+                    {t("vpns.import.importFailed")}
                  </div>
                  <div className="text-sm text-destructive">
                    {vpnImportResult.error}
@@ -328,26 +319,28 @@ export function VpnImportDialog({ isOpen, onClose }: VpnImportDialogProps) {
        <DialogFooter>
          {step === "dropzone" && (
            <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={handleClose}>
-              Cancel
+              {t("common.buttons.cancel")}
            </RippleButton>
          )}

          {step === "vpn-preview" && (
            <>
              <RippleButton variant="outline" onClick={resetState}>
-                Back
+                {t("common.buttons.back")}
              </RippleButton>
              <LoadingButton
                isLoading={isImporting}
                onClick={() => void handleImport()}
              >
-                Import VPN
+                {t("vpns.import.importButton")}
              </LoadingButton>
            </>
          )}

          {step === "vpn-result" && (
-            <RippleButton onClick={handleClose}>Done</RippleButton>
+            <RippleButton onClick={handleClose}>
+              {t("vpns.import.doneButton")}
+            </RippleButton>
          )}
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -316,7 +316,9 @@ export function WayfernConfigForm({
                      e.target.value || undefined,
                    );
                  }}
-                  placeholder="e.g., Win32, MacIntel, Linux x86_64"
+                  placeholder={t(
+                    "config.wayfern.fingerprint.platformPlaceholder",
+                  )}
                />
              </div>
              <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -755,7 +757,9 @@ export function WayfernConfigForm({
                      e.target.value ? parseInt(e.target.value, 10) : undefined,
                    );
                  }}
-                  placeholder="e.g., 300 for EST (UTC-5)"
+                  placeholder={t(
+                    "config.wayfern.fingerprint.timezoneOffsetPlaceholder",
+                  )}
                />
              </div>
              <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -841,7 +845,9 @@ export function WayfernConfigForm({
                      e.target.value || undefined,
                    );
                  }}
-                  placeholder="e.g., Intel(R) HD Graphics"
+                  placeholder={t(
+                    "config.wayfern.fingerprint.webglRendererPlaceholder",
+                  )}
                />
              </div>
            </div>
@@ -880,7 +886,7 @@ export function WayfernConfigForm({
                    e.target.value || undefined,
                  );
                }}
-                placeholder="Enter a seed string for canvas fingerprint"
+                placeholder={t("fingerprint.canvasNoiseSeedPlaceholder")}
              />
              <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
                {t("fingerprint.canvasNoiseSeedDescription")}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { LoadingButton } from "@/components/loading-button";
 import {
  Dialog,
@@ -22,24 +23,25 @@ export function WayfernTermsDialog({
  isOpen,
  onAccepted,
 }: WayfernTermsDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [isAccepting, setIsAccepting] = useState(false);

  const handleAccept = useCallback(async () => {
    setIsAccepting(true);
    try {
      await invoke("accept_wayfern_terms");
-      showSuccessToast("Terms accepted successfully");
+      showSuccessToast(t("wayfernTerms.acceptSuccess"));
      onAccepted();
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to accept terms:", error);
-      showErrorToast("Failed to accept terms", {
+      showErrorToast(t("wayfernTerms.acceptFailed"), {
        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Please try again",
+          error instanceof Error ? error.message : t("wayfernTerms.tryAgain"),
      });
    } finally {
      setIsAccepting(false);
    }
-  }, [onAccepted]);
+  }, [onAccepted, t]);

  return (
    <Dialog open={isOpen}>
@@ -56,33 +58,30 @@ export function WayfernTermsDialog({
        }}
      >
        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Wayfern Terms and Conditions</DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription>
-            Before using Donut Browser, you must read and agree to Wayfern's
-            Terms and Conditions.
-          </DialogDescription>
+          <DialogTitle>{t("wayfernTerms.title")}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>{t("wayfernTerms.description")}</DialogDescription>
        </DialogHeader>

        <div className="space-y-4 py-4">
          <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-            Please review the Terms and Conditions at:
+            {t("wayfernTerms.reviewLabel")}
          </p>
          <a
-            href="https://wayfern.com/terms-and-conditions"
+            href="https://wayfern.com/tos"
            target="_blank"
            rel="noopener noreferrer"
            className="text-primary hover:underline text-sm font-medium block"
          >
-            https://wayfern.com/terms-and-conditions
+            https://wayfern.com/tos
          </a>
          <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-            By clicking "I Accept", you agree to be bound by these terms.
+            {t("wayfernTerms.agreeNotice")}
          </p>
        </div>

        <DialogFooter>
          <LoadingButton onClick={handleAccept} isLoading={isAccepting}>
-            I Accept
+            {t("wayfernTerms.acceptButton")}
          </LoadingButton>
        </DialogFooter>
      </DialogContent>
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 import { getCurrentWindow } from "@tauri-apps/api/window";
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";

 type Platform = "macos" | "windows" | "linux";

@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ function detectPlatform(): Platform {
 }

 export function WindowDragArea() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [platform, setPlatform] = useState<Platform | null>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export function WindowDragArea() {
            viewBox="0 0 10 1"
            fill="currentColor"
            role="img"
-            aria-label="Minimize"
+            aria-label={t("common.window.minimize")}
          >
            <rect width="10" height="1" />
          </svg>
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ export function WindowDragArea() {
            stroke="currentColor"
            strokeWidth="1.2"
            role="img"
-            aria-label="Close"
+            aria-label={t("common.buttons.close")}
          >
            <line x1="1" y1="1" x2="9" y2="9" />
            <line x1="9" y1="1" x2="1" y2="9" />
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import { AppUpdateToast } from "@/components/app-update-toast";
 import { showToast } from "@/lib/toast-utils";
 import type { AppUpdateInfo, AppUpdateProgress } from "@/types";

 export function useAppUpdateNotifications() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
  const [updateInfo, setUpdateInfo] = useState<AppUpdateInfo | null>(null);
  const [isUpdating, setIsUpdating] = useState(false);
  const [updateProgress, setUpdateProgress] =
@@ -60,32 +62,35 @@ export function useAppUpdateNotifications() {
    }
  }, [isClient]);

-  const handleAppUpdate = useCallback(async (appUpdateInfo: AppUpdateInfo) => {
-    try {
-      setIsUpdating(true);
-      setUpdateProgress({
-        stage: "downloading",
-        percentage: 0,
-        speed: undefined,
-        eta: undefined,
-        message: "Starting update...",
-      });
+  const handleAppUpdate = useCallback(
+    async (appUpdateInfo: AppUpdateInfo) => {
+      try {
+        setIsUpdating(true);
+        setUpdateProgress({
+          stage: "downloading",
+          percentage: 0,
+          speed: undefined,
+          eta: undefined,
+          message: "Starting update...",
+        });

-      await invoke("download_and_prepare_app_update", {
-        updateInfo: appUpdateInfo,
-      });
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error("Failed to update app:", error);
-      showToast({
-        type: "error",
-        title: "Failed to update Donut Browser",
-        description: String(error),
-        duration: 6000,
-      });
-      setIsUpdating(false);
-      setUpdateProgress(null);
-    }
-  }, []);
+        await invoke("download_and_prepare_app_update", {
+          updateInfo: appUpdateInfo,
+        });
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error("Failed to update app:", error);
+        showToast({
+          type: "error",
+          title: t("appUpdate.toast.updateFailed"),
+          description: String(error),
+          duration: 6000,
+        });
+        setIsUpdating(false);
+        setUpdateProgress(null);
+      }
+    },
+    [t],
+  );

  const handleRestart = useCallback(async () => {
    try {
@@ -94,12 +99,12 @@ export function useAppUpdateNotifications() {
      console.error("Failed to restart app:", error);
      showToast({
        type: "error",
-        title: "Failed to restart",
+        title: t("appUpdate.toast.restartFailed"),
        description: String(error),
        duration: 6000,
      });
    }
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);

  const dismissAppUpdate = useCallback(() => {
    if (!isClient) return;
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import type { Event as TauriEvent } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import { getBrowserDisplayName } from "@/lib/browser-utils";
 import {
  dismissToast,
@@ -106,11 +107,18 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {
      return githubReleases;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to load versions:", error);
-      showErrorToast(`Failed to fetch ${browserName} versions`, {
-        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Unknown error occurred",
-        duration: 4000,
-      });
+      showErrorToast(
+        i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.fetchVersionsFailed", {
+          browser: browserName,
+        }),
+        {
+          description:
+            error instanceof Error
+              ? error.message
+              : i18n.t("common.errors.unknown"),
+          duration: 4000,
+        },
+      );
      throw error;
    }
  }, []);
@@ -146,10 +154,16 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {
      // Show notification about new versions if any were found
      if (result.new_versions_count && result.new_versions_count > 0) {
        showSuccessToast(
-          `Found ${result.new_versions_count} new ${browserName} versions!`,
+          i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.foundNewVersions", {
+            count: result.new_versions_count,
+            browser: browserName,
+          }),
          {
            duration: 3000,
-            description: `Total available: ${result.total_versions_count} versions`,
+            description: i18n.t(
+              "browserDownload.toast.totalAvailableVersions",
+              { count: result.total_versions_count },
+            ),
          },
        );
      }
@@ -157,11 +171,18 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {
      return githubReleases;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to load versions:", error);
-      showErrorToast(`Failed to fetch ${browserName} versions`, {
-        description:
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Unknown error occurred",
-        duration: 4000,
-      });
+      showErrorToast(
+        i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.fetchVersionsFailed", {
+          browser: browserName,
+        }),
+        {
+          description:
+            error instanceof Error
+              ? error.message
+              : i18n.t("common.errors.unknown"),
+          duration: 4000,
+        },
+      );
      throw error;
    }
  }, []);
@@ -215,7 +236,7 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {
          // Dismiss any existing download toast and show error
          dismissToast(`download-${browserStr}-${version}`);

-          let errorMessage = "Unknown error occurred";
+          let errorMessage = i18n.t("common.errors.unknown");
          if (error instanceof Error) {
            errorMessage = error.message;
          } else if (typeof error === "string") {
@@ -226,10 +247,16 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {

          // Ensure the long-running download toast is dismissed, and show a finite error toast
          dismissToast(`download-${browserStr}-${version}`);
-          showErrorToast(`Failed to download ${browserName} ${version}`, {
-            description: errorMessage,
-            duration: 8000,
-          });
+          showErrorToast(
+            i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.downloadFailed", {
+              browser: browserName,
+              version,
+            }),
+            {
+              description: errorMessage,
+              duration: 8000,
+            },
+          );
        }
        throw error;
      } finally {
@@ -297,7 +324,7 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {
              ).toFixed(1);
              const etaText = progress.eta_seconds
                ? formatTime(progress.eta_seconds)
-                : "calculating...";
+                : i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.calculating");

              const toastId = `download-${browserName.toLowerCase()}-${progress.version}`;
              showDownloadToast(
@@ -346,10 +373,14 @@ export function useBrowserDownload() {
              );
              setDownloadProgress(null);
              showErrorToast(
-                `${browserName} ${progress.version}: extraction failed`,
+                i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.extractionFailed", {
+                  browser: browserName,
+                  version: progress.version,
+                }),
                {
-                  description:
-                    "The corrupt file was deleted. It will be re-downloaded on next attempt.",
+                  description: i18n.t(
+                    "browserDownload.toast.extractionFailedDescription",
+                  ),
                },
              );
            } else if (progress.stage === "completed") {
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";

 export function useBrowserSupport() {
  const [supportedBrowsers, setSupportedBrowsers] = useState<string[]>([]);
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ export function useBrowserSupport() {
        setError(
          err instanceof Error
            ? err.message
-            : "Failed to load supported browsers",
+            : i18n.t("errors.loadSupportedBrowsersFailed"),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import type { Extension, ExtensionGroup } from "@/types";

 export function useExtensionEvents() {
@@ -47,7 +48,9 @@ export function useExtensionEvents() {
      } catch (err) {
        console.error("Failed to setup extension event listeners:", err);
        setError(
-          `Failed to setup extension event listeners: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          i18n.t("errors.setupExtensionListenersFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import type { GroupWithCount } from "@/types";

 /**
@@ -23,7 +24,9 @@ export function useGroupEvents() {
      setError(null);
    } catch (err: unknown) {
      console.error("Failed to load groups:", err);
-      setError(`Failed to load groups: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
+      setError(
+        i18n.t("errors.loadGroupsFailed", { error: JSON.stringify(err) }),
+      );
    }
  }, []);

@@ -65,7 +68,9 @@ export function useGroupEvents() {
      } catch (err) {
        console.error("Failed to setup group event listeners:", err);
        setError(
-          `Failed to setup group event listeners: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          i18n.t("errors.setupGroupListenersFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import type { BrowserProfile, GroupWithCount } from "@/types";

 interface UseProfileEventsReturn {
@@ -38,7 +39,9 @@ export function useProfileEvents(): UseProfileEventsReturn {
      setError(null);
    } catch (err: unknown) {
      console.error("Failed to load profiles:", err);
-      setError(`Failed to load profiles: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
+      setError(
+        i18n.t("errors.loadProfilesFailed", { error: JSON.stringify(err) }),
+      );
    }
  }, []);

@@ -101,7 +104,9 @@ export function useProfileEvents(): UseProfileEventsReturn {
      } catch (err) {
        console.error("Failed to setup profile event listeners:", err);
        setError(
-          `Failed to setup profile event listeners: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          i18n.t("errors.setupProfileListenersFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import type { StoredProxy } from "@/types";

 /**
@@ -40,7 +41,9 @@ export function useProxyEvents() {
      setError(null);
    } catch (err: unknown) {
      console.error("Failed to load proxies:", err);
-      setError(`Failed to load proxies: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
+      setError(
+        i18n.t("errors.loadProxiesFailed", { error: JSON.stringify(err) }),
+      );
    }
  }, [loadProxyUsage]);

@@ -84,7 +87,9 @@ export function useProxyEvents() {
      } catch (err) {
        console.error("Failed to setup proxy event listeners:", err);
        setError(
-          `Failed to setup proxy event listeners: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`,
+          i18n.t("errors.setupProxyListenersFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useCallback, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import { getBrowserDisplayName } from "@/lib/browser-utils";
 import { dismissToast, showToast } from "@/lib/toast-utils";

@@ -147,7 +148,10 @@ export function useUpdateNotifications(
          showToast({
            id: `auto-update-error-${browser}-${newVersion}`,
            type: "error",
-            title: `Failed to download ${browserDisplayName} ${newVersion}`,
+            title: i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.downloadFailed", {
+              browser: browserDisplayName,
+              version: newVersion,
+            }),
            description: String(downloadError),
            duration: 8000,
          });
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import { getBrowserDisplayName } from "@/lib/browser-utils";
 import {
  showAutoUpdateToast,
@@ -162,9 +163,14 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {
                  );

                  showSuccessToast(
-                    `${browserDisplayName} ${new_version} already available`,
+                    i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.alreadyAvailable", {
+                      browser: browserDisplayName,
+                      version: new_version,
+                    }),
                    {
-                      description: "Updating profile configurations...",
+                      description: i18n.t(
+                        "versionUpdater.toast.updatingProfiles",
+                      ),
                      duration: 3000,
                    },
                  );
@@ -187,25 +193,44 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {

                // Show success message based on whether profiles were updated
                if (updatedProfiles.length > 0) {
-                  const profileText =
+                  const description =
                    updatedProfiles.length === 1
-                      ? `Profile "${updatedProfiles[0]}" has been updated`
-                      : `${updatedProfiles.length} profiles have been updated`;
+                      ? i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.singleProfileUpdated", {
+                          name: updatedProfiles[0],
+                          version: new_version,
+                        })
+                      : i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.multipleProfilesUpdated", {
+                          count: updatedProfiles.length,
+                          version: new_version,
+                        });

-                  showSuccessToast(`${browserDisplayName} update completed`, {
-                    description: `${profileText} to version ${new_version}. You can now launch your browsers with the latest version.`,
-                    duration: 6000,
-                  });
+                  showSuccessToast(
+                    i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.updateCompleted", {
+                      browser: browserDisplayName,
+                    }),
+                    {
+                      description,
+                      duration: 6000,
+                    },
+                  );
                } else {
-                  showSuccessToast(`${browserDisplayName} update completed`, {
-                    description: `Version ${new_version} is now available. Running profiles will use the new version when restarted.`,
-                    duration: 6000,
-                  });
+                  showSuccessToast(
+                    i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.updateCompleted", {
+                      browser: browserDisplayName,
+                    }),
+                    {
+                      description: i18n.t(
+                        "versionUpdater.toast.versionAvailable",
+                        { version: new_version },
+                      ),
+                      duration: 6000,
+                    },
+                  );
                }
              } catch (error) {
                console.error("Failed to handle browser auto-update:", error);

-                let errorMessage = "Unknown error occurred";
+                let errorMessage = i18n.t("common.errors.unknown");
                if (error instanceof Error) {
                  errorMessage = error.message;
                } else if (typeof error === "string") {
@@ -218,10 +243,15 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {
                  errorMessage = String(error.message);
                }

-                showErrorToast(`Failed to auto-update ${browserDisplayName}`, {
-                  description: errorMessage,
-                  duration: 8000,
-                });
+                showErrorToast(
+                  i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.autoUpdateFailed", {
+                    browser: browserDisplayName,
+                  }),
+                  {
+                    description: errorMessage,
+                    duration: 8000,
+                  },
+                );
              } finally {
                // Remove from active downloads
                activeDownloads.current.delete(downloadKey);
@@ -286,18 +316,27 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {
      ).length;

      if (failedUpdates > 0) {
-        showErrorToast("Update completed with some errors", {
-          description: `${totalNewVersions} new versions found, ${failedUpdates} browsers failed to update`,
+        showErrorToast(i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.updateWithErrors"), {
+          description: i18n.t(
+            "versionUpdater.toast.updateWithErrorsDescription",
+            {
+              newVersions: totalNewVersions,
+              failedUpdates,
+            },
+          ),
          duration: 5000,
        });
      } else if (totalNewVersions > 0) {
-        showSuccessToast("Browser versions updated successfully", {
-          description: `Found ${totalNewVersions} new versions across ${successfulUpdates} browsers. Auto-downloads will start shortly.`,
+        showSuccessToast(i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.updateSuccess"), {
+          description: i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.updateSuccessDescription", {
+            newVersions: totalNewVersions,
+            successfulUpdates,
+          }),
          duration: 4000,
        });
      } else {
-        showSuccessToast("No new browser versions found", {
-          description: "All browser versions are up to date",
+        showSuccessToast(i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.upToDate"), {
+          description: i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.upToDateDescription"),
          duration: 3000,
        });
      }
@@ -306,7 +345,7 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {
      return results;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Failed to trigger manual update:", error);
-      let errorMessage = "Unknown error occurred";
+      let errorMessage = i18n.t("common.errors.unknown");
      if (error instanceof Error) {
        errorMessage = error.message;
      } else if (typeof error === "string") {
@@ -315,7 +354,7 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {
        errorMessage = String(error.message);
      }

-      showErrorToast("Failed to update browser versions", {
+      showErrorToast(i18n.t("versionUpdater.toast.updateAllFailed"), {
        description: errorMessage,
        duration: 4000,
      });
@@ -337,10 +376,16 @@ export function useVersionUpdater() {
        if (result.new_versions_count && result.new_versions_count > 0) {
          const browserName = getBrowserDisplayName(browserStr);
          showSuccessToast(
-            `Found ${result.new_versions_count} new ${browserName} versions!`,
+            i18n.t("browserDownload.toast.foundNewVersions", {
+              count: result.new_versions_count,
+              browser: browserName,
+            }),
            {
              duration: 3000,
-              description: `Total available: ${result.total_versions_count} versions`,
+              description: i18n.t(
+                "browserDownload.toast.totalAvailableVersions",
+                { count: result.total_versions_count },
+              ),
            },
          );
        }
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { listen } from "@tauri-apps/api/event";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import i18n from "@/i18n";
 import type { VpnConfig } from "@/types";

 /**
@@ -37,7 +38,9 @@ export function useVpnEvents() {
      setError(null);
    } catch (err: unknown) {
      console.error("Failed to load VPN configs:", err);
-      setError(`Failed to load VPN configs: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
+      setError(
+        i18n.t("errors.loadVpnConfigsFailed", { error: JSON.stringify(err) }),
+      );
    }
  }, [loadVpnUsage]);

@@ -62,7 +65,11 @@ export function useVpnEvents() {
        });
      } catch (err) {
        console.error("Failed to setup VPN event listeners:", err);
-        setError(`Failed to setup VPN event listeners: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
+        setError(
+          i18n.t("errors.setupVpnListenersFailed", {
+            error: JSON.stringify(err),
+          }),
+        );
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
      }
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
      "refresh": "Refresh",
      "loading": "Loading...",
      "saveSettings": "Save Settings",
-      "moreInfo": "More info"
+      "moreInfo": "More info",
+      "downloading": "Downloading...",
+      "minimize": "Minimize"
    },
    "status": {
      "active": "Active",
@@ -56,7 +58,10 @@
      "default": "Default",
      "custom": "Custom",
      "optional": "Optional",
-      "required": "Required"
+      "required": "Required",
+      "unknownProfile": "Unknown",
+      "mode": "Mode",
+      "never": "Never"
    },
    "time": {
      "days": "days",
@@ -64,6 +69,33 @@
      "minutes": "minutes",
      "seconds": "seconds",
      "remaining": "remaining"
+    },
+    "aria": {
+      "selectAll": "Select all",
+      "selectRow": "Select row",
+      "selectProfile": "Select profile",
+      "copy": "Copy to clipboard",
+      "copied": "Copied",
+      "showToken": "Show token",
+      "hideToken": "Hide token"
+    },
+    "keys": {
+      "escape": "Escape"
+    },
+    "errors": {
+      "unknown": "Unknown error occurred"
+    },
+    "window": {
+      "minimize": "Minimize"
+    },
+    "commandPalette": {
+      "title": "Command Palette",
+      "description": "Search for a command to run..."
+    },
+    "noResults": "No results found.",
+    "srOnly": {
+      "copy": "Copy",
+      "copied": "Copied"
    }
  },
  "settings": {
@@ -85,7 +117,8 @@
      "title": "Language",
      "description": "Choose your preferred language for the application interface.",
      "systemDefault": "System Default",
-      "selectLanguage": "Select language"
+      "selectLanguage": "Select language",
+      "interface": "Interface Language"
    },
    "defaultBrowser": {
      "title": "Default Browser",
@@ -100,7 +133,8 @@
      "microphone": "Microphone",
      "microphoneDescription": "Access to microphone for browser applications",
      "camera": "Camera",
-      "cameraDescription": "Access to camera for browser applications"
+      "cameraDescription": "Access to camera for browser applications",
+      "accessRequested": "{{permission}} access requested"
    },
    "integrations": {
      "title": "Integrations",
@@ -134,7 +168,8 @@
    "advanced": {
      "title": "Advanced",
      "clearCache": "Clear All Version Cache",
-      "clearCacheDescription": "Clear all cached browser version data and refresh all browser versions from their sources. This will force a fresh download of version information for all browsers."
+      "clearCacheDescription": "Clear all cached browser version data and refresh all browser versions from their sources. This will force a fresh download of version information for all browsers.",
+      "clearCacheFailed": "Failed to clear cache"
    },
    "disableAutoUpdates": "Disable App Auto Updates",
    "disableAutoUpdatesDescription": "Prevent the app from automatically checking and installing Donut Browser updates. Browser updates are not affected."
@@ -169,7 +204,9 @@
      "note": "Note",
      "group": "Group",
      "proxy": "Proxy / VPN",
-      "lastLaunch": "Last Launch"
+      "lastLaunch": "Last Launch",
+      "empty": "No profiles found.",
+      "notSelected": "Not Selected"
    },
    "actions": {
      "launch": "Launch",
@@ -205,7 +242,30 @@
    "ephemeral": "Ephemeral",
    "ephemeralDescription": "The browser is forced to write profile data into memory instead of disk. Data is deleted when the browser is closed.",
    "ephemeralBadge": "Ephemeral",
-    "ephemeralAlpha": "Alpha"
+    "ephemeralAlpha": "Alpha",
+    "bulkDelete": {
+      "title": "Delete Selected Profiles",
+      "description": "This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete {{count}} profile(s) and all associated data.",
+      "confirmButton": "Delete {{count}} Profile(s)"
+    },
+    "note": {
+      "empty": "No Note",
+      "placeholder": "Add a note..."
+    },
+    "aria": {
+      "profileInfo": "Profile info"
+    },
+    "delete": {
+      "title": "Delete Profile",
+      "description": "This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the profile \"{{profileName}}\" and all its associated data.",
+      "confirmButton": "Delete Profile"
+    },
+    "actionBar": {
+      "assignToGroup": "Assign to Group",
+      "assignProxy": "Assign Proxy",
+      "assignExtensionGroup": "Assign Extension Group",
+      "copyCookies": "Copy Cookies"
+    }
  },
  "createProfile": {
    "title": "Create New Profile",
@@ -228,7 +288,10 @@
      "title": "Proxy / VPN",
      "addProxy": "Add Proxy",
      "noProxy": "No proxy / VPN",
-      "noProxiesAvailable": "No proxies or VPNs available. Add one to route this profile's traffic."
+      "noProxiesAvailable": "No proxies or VPNs available. Add one to route this profile's traffic.",
+      "search": "Search proxies or VPNs...",
+      "notFound": "No proxies or VPNs found.",
+      "searchWithCountries": "Search proxies, VPNs, or countries..."
    },
    "launchHook": {
      "label": "Launch Hook URL",
@@ -248,7 +311,8 @@
    "chromiumSubtitle": "Powered by Wayfern",
    "firefoxLabel": "Firefox",
    "firefoxSubtitle": "Powered by Camoufox",
-    "camoufoxWarning": "Firefox (Camoufox) is maintained by a third-party organization. For production use, please use Chromium."
+    "camoufoxWarning": "Firefox (Camoufox) is maintained by a third-party organization. For production use, please use Chromium.",
+    "platformUnavailable": "{{browser}} is not available on your platform yet."
  },
  "deleteDialog": {
    "title": "Delete Profile",
@@ -259,7 +323,31 @@
  },
  "proxies": {
    "title": "Proxies",
-    "management": "Proxies & VPNs",
+    "management": {
+      "description": "Manage your proxy and VPN configurations for reuse across profiles",
+      "tabProxies": "Proxies",
+      "tabVpns": "VPNs",
+      "create": "Create",
+      "loading": "Loading proxies...",
+      "noneCreated": "No proxies created yet. Create your first proxy using the button above.",
+      "usage": "Usage",
+      "syncCol": "Sync",
+      "syncCannotDisable": "Sync cannot be disabled while this proxy is used by synced profiles",
+      "enableSync": "Enable sync",
+      "disableSync": "Disable sync",
+      "editProxy": "Edit proxy",
+      "deleteProxy": "Delete proxy",
+      "cannotDelete_one": "Cannot delete: in use by {{count}} profile",
+      "cannotDelete_other": "Cannot delete: in use by {{count}} profiles",
+      "syncEnabled": "Sync enabled",
+      "syncDisabled": "Sync disabled",
+      "updateSyncFailed": "Failed to update sync",
+      "deleteSuccess": "Proxy deleted successfully",
+      "deleteFailed": "Failed to delete proxy",
+      "deleteTitle": "Delete Proxy",
+      "deleteDescription": "This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the proxy \"{{name}}\".",
+      "title": "Proxies & VPNs"
+    },
    "add": "Add Proxy",
    "edit": "Edit Proxy",
    "delete": "Delete Proxy",
@@ -280,7 +368,12 @@
      "password": "Password",
      "passwordPlaceholder": "Optional",
      "cipher": "Cipher",
-      "cipherPlaceholder": "aes-256-gcm"
+      "cipherPlaceholder": "aes-256-gcm",
+      "nameRequired": "Proxy name is required",
+      "hostPortRequired": "Host and port are required",
+      "ssCipherRequired": "Cipher and password are required for Shadowsocks",
+      "selectType": "Select proxy type",
+      "saveFailed": "Failed to save proxy: {{error}}"
    },
    "types": {
      "http": "HTTP",
@@ -318,6 +411,45 @@
    "sync": {
      "enabled": "Sync Enabled",
      "disabled": "Sync Disabled"
+    },
+    "exportDialog": {
+      "title": "Export Proxies",
+      "description": "Export your proxy configurations to a file",
+      "format": "Export Format",
+      "json": "JSON",
+      "txt": "TXT (URL format)",
+      "preview": "Preview",
+      "noProxies": "No proxies to export",
+      "downloaded": "Downloaded {{filename}}",
+      "failed": "Failed to export proxies",
+      "copied": "Copied"
+    },
+    "importDialog": {
+      "title": "Import Proxies",
+      "descDropzone": "Import proxies from a JSON or TXT file",
+      "descPreview": "Review the proxies to import",
+      "descAmbiguous": "Some proxies have ambiguous formats. Please select the correct format.",
+      "descResult": "Import completed",
+      "dropzonePrompt": "Drop a proxy config file",
+      "dropzoneFormats": "(.json, .txt)",
+      "pasteHint": "Paste from clipboard with {{modKey}}+V",
+      "wrongFileType": "Please drop a .json or .txt file",
+      "fileReadError": "Failed to read file",
+      "fileProcessError": "Failed to process file",
+      "noValidProxies": "No valid proxies found in the file",
+      "namePrefix": "Name Prefix",
+      "namePrefixDefault": "Imported",
+      "namePrefixHint": "Proxies will be named \"{{prefix}} Proxy 1\", \"{{prefix}} Proxy 2\", etc.",
+      "proxiesToImport": "Proxies to import ({{count}})",
+      "invalidCount": "({{count}} invalid)",
+      "ambiguousIntro": "The following proxies have an ambiguous format. Please select the correct interpretation for each.",
+      "imported": "Imported:",
+      "skippedDuplicates": "Skipped (duplicates):",
+      "errors": "Errors",
+      "importButton": "Import {{count}} Proxies",
+      "continueButton": "Continue",
+      "doneButton": "Done",
+      "failed": "Failed to import proxies"
    }
  },
  "groups": {
@@ -343,7 +475,31 @@
    "sync": {
      "enabled": "Sync Enabled",
      "disabled": "Sync Disabled"
-    }
+    },
+    "createTitle": "Create New Group",
+    "createDescription": "Create a new group to organize your browser profiles.",
+    "editTitle": "Edit Group",
+    "editDescription": "Update the name of your group.",
+    "createSuccess": "Group created successfully",
+    "createFailed": "Failed to create group",
+    "updateSuccess": "Group updated successfully",
+    "updateFailed": "Failed to update group",
+    "deleteTitle": "Delete Group",
+    "deleteDescription": "This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the group.",
+    "deleteSuccess": "Group deleted successfully",
+    "deleteFailed": "Failed to delete group",
+    "loadingProfiles": "Loading associated profiles...",
+    "associatedProfiles": "Associated Profiles ({{count}})",
+    "whatToDoWithProfiles": "What should happen to these profiles?",
+    "moveToDefaultOption": "Move profiles to Default group",
+    "deleteAlongWithGroup": "Delete profiles along with the group",
+    "noAssociatedProfiles": "This group has no associated profiles.",
+    "deleteGroup": "Delete Group",
+    "deleteGroupAndProfiles": "Delete Group & Profiles",
+    "loadProfilesFailed": "Failed to load profiles",
+    "unknownGroup": "Unknown Group",
+    "profileGroupsAriaLabel": "Profile groups",
+    "loading": "Loading groups..."
  },
  "sync": {
    "mode": {
@@ -366,7 +522,16 @@
      "configureService": "Configure Sync Service"
    },
    "title": "Account",
-    "config": "Sync Configuration",
+    "config": {
+      "serverUrlRequired": "Please enter a server URL",
+      "connectionSuccess": "Connection successful!",
+      "serverError": "Server responded with an error",
+      "connectFailed": "Failed to connect to server",
+      "settingsSaved": "Sync settings saved",
+      "saveFailed": "Failed to save settings",
+      "disconnected": "Sync disconnected",
+      "disconnectFailed": "Failed to disconnect"
+    },
    "serverUrl": "Server URL",
    "serverUrlPlaceholder": "https://sync.example.com",
    "token": "Sync Token",
@@ -410,6 +575,12 @@
      "profileLockedShort": "In use",
      "cannotLaunchLocked": "Cannot launch — profile is in use by {{email}}",
      "createdBy": "Created by {{email}}"
+    },
+    "disabled": "Disabled",
+    "toast": {
+      "profileSynced": "Profile '{{name}}' synced successfully",
+      "profileSyncFailed": "Failed to sync profile '{{name}}'",
+      "profileSyncFailedWithError": "Failed to sync profile '{{name}}': {{error}}"
    }
  },
  "integrations": {
@@ -447,7 +618,32 @@
      "removedFromClaudeCode": "Removed from Claude Code",
      "config": "MCP Configuration",
      "copyConfig": "Copy Configuration"
-    }
+    },
+    "tabApi": "Local API",
+    "tabMcp": "MCP (AI Assistants)",
+    "apiEnableLabel": "Enable Local API Server",
+    "apiEnableDescription": "Allow managing profiles, groups, and proxies via REST API.",
+    "apiPortLabel": "Port",
+    "apiTokenLabel": "Authentication Token",
+    "apiTokenHint": "Include in Authorization header: Bearer {{tokenSlot}}",
+    "apiInvalidPort": "Invalid port",
+    "apiInvalidPortDescription": "Port must be between 1 and 65535",
+    "apiPortInUse": "Port {{port}} is already in use",
+    "apiFallbackPort": "Server started on fallback port {{port}}",
+    "apiStarted": "API server started on port {{port}}",
+    "apiRunning": "API server running on port {{port}}",
+    "apiStopped": "API server stopped",
+    "apiToggleFailed": "Failed to toggle API server",
+    "apiStartFailed": "Failed to start API server",
+    "apiUnknownError": "Unknown error",
+    "tokenCopied": "Token copied",
+    "mcpEnableLabel": "Enable MCP Server (Model Context Protocol)",
+    "mcpEnableDescription": "Allow AI assistants like Claude Desktop to control browsers.",
+    "mcpAcceptTermsFirst": "(Accept Wayfern terms in Settings first)",
+    "mcpStarted": "MCP server started on port {{port}}",
+    "mcpStopped": "MCP server stopped",
+    "mcpToggleFailed": "Failed to toggle MCP server",
+    "openSettings": "Open Integrations Settings"
  },
  "import": {
    "title": "Import Profile",
@@ -465,7 +661,9 @@
      "fingerprint": {
        "title": "Fingerprint",
        "randomize": "Randomize on Launch",
-        "randomizeDescription": "Generate a new fingerprint each time the browser is launched."
+        "randomizeDescription": "Generate a new fingerprint each time the browser is launched.",
+        "osCpuPlaceholder": "e.g., Intel Mac OS X 10.15",
+        "webglRendererPlaceholder": "e.g., llvmpipe, or similar"
      },
      "os": {
        "title": "Operating System",
@@ -499,7 +697,10 @@
      "fingerprint": {
        "title": "Fingerprint",
        "randomize": "Randomize on Launch",
-        "randomizeDescription": "Generate a new fingerprint each time the browser is launched."
+        "randomizeDescription": "Generate a new fingerprint each time the browser is launched.",
+        "platformPlaceholder": "e.g., Win32, MacIntel, Linux x86_64",
+        "timezoneOffsetPlaceholder": "e.g., 300 for EST (UTC-5)",
+        "webglRendererPlaceholder": "e.g., Intel(R) HD Graphics"
      },
      "os": {
        "title": "Operating System",
@@ -522,6 +723,10 @@
        "webrtc": "Block WebRTC",
        "webgl": "Block WebGL"
      }
+    },
+    "shared": {
+      "browserBehavior": "Browser Behavior",
+      "allowAddonsOpenTabs": "Allow browser addons to open new tabs automatically"
    }
  },
  "cookies": {
@@ -534,13 +739,53 @@
      "selectCookies": "Select Cookies",
      "allDomains": "All Domains",
      "selectedCount": "{{count}} cookie selected",
-      "selectedCount_plural": "{{count}} cookies selected"
+      "selectedCount_plural": "{{count}} cookies selected",
+      "dialogDescription_one": "Copy cookies from a source profile to {{count}} selected profile.",
+      "dialogDescription_other": "Copy cookies from a source profile to {{count}} selected profiles.",
+      "sourceProfile": "Source Profile",
+      "sourcePlaceholder": "Select a profile to copy cookies from",
+      "running": "(running)",
+      "targetProfiles": "Target Profiles ({{count}})",
+      "noOtherTargets": "No other Wayfern/Camoufox profiles selected",
+      "selectSourceFirst": "Select a source profile first",
+      "selectionStatus": "({{selected}} of {{total}} selected)",
+      "searchPlaceholder": "Search domains or cookies...",
+      "noMatching": "No matching cookies found",
+      "noFound": "No cookies found",
+      "replaceNote": "Existing cookies with the same name and domain will be replaced. Other cookies will be kept.",
+      "cannotCopyRunningOne": "Cannot copy cookies: {{names}} is still running",
+      "cannotCopyRunningMany": "Cannot copy cookies: {{names}} are still running",
+      "someErrors": "Some errors occurred: {{errors}}",
+      "successMessage": "Successfully copied {{copied}} cookies ({{replaced}} replaced)",
+      "failedMessage": "Failed to copy cookies: {{error}}",
+      "copyButton_one": "Copy {{count}} Cookie",
+      "copyButton_other": "Copy {{count}} Cookies",
+      "copyButtonEmpty": "Copy Cookies"
    },
    "success": "Cookies copied successfully",
    "error": "Failed to copy cookies",
    "management": {
      "title": "Cookie Management",
-      "menuItem": "Cookie Management"
+      "menuItem": "Cookie Management",
+      "tabImport": "Import",
+      "tabExport": "Export",
+      "importDescription": "Import cookies from a Netscape or JSON format file.",
+      "dropPrompt": "Click to choose a cookie file",
+      "fileFormats": "(.txt, .cookies, or .json)",
+      "cookiesFound": "{{count}} cookies found",
+      "importedSuccess": "Successfully imported {{imported}} cookies ({{replaced}} replaced)",
+      "linesSkipped": "{{count}} line(s) skipped",
+      "fileReadError": "Failed to read file",
+      "loadFailed": "Failed to load cookies: {{error}}",
+      "cookiesLabel": "Cookies",
+      "selectionStatus": "({{selected}} of {{total}} selected)",
+      "selectAll": "Select all",
+      "deselectAll": "Deselect all",
+      "noCookies": "No cookies found in this profile",
+      "doneButton": "Done",
+      "importButton": "Import",
+      "exportButton": "Export",
+      "backButton": "Back"
    },
    "import": {
      "title": "Import Cookies",
@@ -623,7 +868,31 @@
    "maxLength": "Must be at most {{max}} characters",
    "networkError": "Network error. Please check your connection.",
    "serverError": "Server error. Please try again later.",
-    "unknownError": "An unknown error occurred. Please try again."
+    "unknownError": "An unknown error occurred. Please try again.",
+    "noProfilesForUrl": "No profiles available. Please create a profile first before opening URLs.",
+    "updateCamoufoxConfigFailed": "Failed to update camoufox config: {{error}}",
+    "updateWayfernConfigFailed": "Failed to update wayfern config: {{error}}",
+    "createProfileFailed": "Failed to create profile: {{error}}",
+    "launchBrowserFailed": "Failed to launch browser: {{error}}",
+    "cannotDeleteRunningProfile": "Cannot delete profile while browser is running. Please stop the browser first.",
+    "deleteProfileFailed": "Failed to delete profile: {{error}}",
+    "renameProfileFailed": "Failed to rename profile: {{error}}",
+    "killBrowserFailed": "Failed to kill browser: {{error}}",
+    "deleteSelectedProfilesFailed": "Failed to delete selected profiles: {{error}}",
+    "cookieCopyUnsupportedBrowser": "Cookie copy only works with Wayfern and Camoufox profiles",
+    "updateSyncSettingsFailed": "Failed to update sync settings",
+    "cloneProfileFailed": "Failed to clone profile: {{error}}",
+    "loadSupportedBrowsersFailed": "Failed to load supported browsers",
+    "setupExtensionListenersFailed": "Failed to setup extension event listeners: {{error}}",
+    "loadGroupsFailed": "Failed to load groups: {{error}}",
+    "setupGroupListenersFailed": "Failed to setup group event listeners: {{error}}",
+    "loadProfilesFailed": "Failed to load profiles: {{error}}",
+    "setupProfileListenersFailed": "Failed to setup profile event listeners: {{error}}",
+    "loadProxiesFailed": "Failed to load proxies: {{error}}",
+    "setupProxyListenersFailed": "Failed to setup proxy event listeners: {{error}}",
+    "loadVpnConfigsFailed": "Failed to load VPN configs: {{error}}",
+    "setupVpnListenersFailed": "Failed to setup VPN event listeners: {{error}}",
+    "themeNotFound": "Tokyo Night theme not found"
  },
  "browser": {
    "camoufox": "Camoufox",
@@ -729,7 +998,10 @@
    "brandVersion": "Brand Version",
    "proFeature": "This is a Pro feature",
    "generateFingerprint": "Generate Fingerprint",
-    "refreshFingerprint": "Refresh Fingerprint"
+    "refreshFingerprint": "Refresh Fingerprint",
+    "canvasNoiseSeedPlaceholder": "Enter a seed string for canvas fingerprint",
+    "addFontsPlaceholder": "Add fonts...",
+    "enterAsJson": "Enter {{title}} as JSON"
  },
  "warnings": {
    "windowResizeTitle": "Custom Window Dimensions",
@@ -812,16 +1084,6 @@
      "button": "Clone"
    }
  },
-  "vpnForm": {
-    "dependencies": {
-      "openVpnMissingTitle": "OpenVPN is not installed",
-      "openVpnMissingDescription": "You can save this configuration, but Donut Browser cannot connect it until OpenVPN is installed on this device.",
-      "openVpnAdapterMissingTitle": "OpenVPN adapter is missing",
-      "openVpnAdapterMissingDescription": "OpenVPN is installed, but no TAP/Wintun/ovpn-dco adapter was found. Repair or reinstall OpenVPN before connecting on Windows.",
-      "openVpnCheckFailedTitle": "OpenVPN install could not be verified",
-      "openVpnCheckFailedDescription": "Donut Browser could not inspect the local OpenVPN installation. Repair or reinstall OpenVPN before connecting on Windows."
-    }
-  },
  "extensions": {
    "title": "Extensions",
    "description": "Manage browser extensions and extension groups for your profiles.",
@@ -879,7 +1141,9 @@
    "syncEnabled": "Sync enabled",
    "syncDisabled": "Sync disabled",
    "syncEnableTooltip": "Enable sync",
-    "syncDisableTooltip": "Disable sync"
+    "syncDisableTooltip": "Disable sync",
+    "loadGroupsFailed": "Failed to load extension groups",
+    "assignGroupFailed": "Failed to assign extension group"
  },
  "pro": {
    "badge": "PRO",
@@ -905,5 +1169,421 @@
    "fresh": "Fresh",
    "stale": "Stale",
    "notCached": "Not cached"
+  },
+  "vpns": {
+    "form": {
+      "titleEdit": "Edit VPN",
+      "titleCreate": "Create WireGuard VPN",
+      "descEdit": "Update the name of your VPN configuration.",
+      "descCreate": "Enter your WireGuard interface and peer details.",
+      "name": "Name",
+      "namePlaceholder": "e.g. Home WireGuard",
+      "privateKey": "Private Key",
+      "privateKeyPlaceholder": "Base64-encoded private key",
+      "address": "Address",
+      "addressPlaceholder": "e.g. 10.0.0.2/24",
+      "dnsOptional": "DNS (optional)",
+      "dnsPlaceholder": "e.g. 1.1.1.1",
+      "mtuOptional": "MTU (optional)",
+      "mtuPlaceholder": "e.g. 1420",
+      "peerPublicKey": "Peer Public Key",
+      "peerPublicKeyPlaceholder": "Base64-encoded peer public key",
+      "peerEndpoint": "Peer Endpoint",
+      "peerEndpointPlaceholder": "e.g. vpn.example.com:51820",
+      "allowedIps": "Allowed IPs",
+      "allowedIpsPlaceholder": "e.g. 0.0.0.0/0, ::/0",
+      "keepaliveOptional": "Persistent Keepalive (optional)",
+      "keepalivePlaceholder": "e.g. 25",
+      "presharedKeyOptional": "Preshared Key (optional)",
+      "presharedKeyPlaceholder": "Base64-encoded preshared key",
+      "updateButton": "Update VPN",
+      "createButton": "Create VPN",
+      "nameRequired": "VPN name is required",
+      "privateKeyRequired": "Private key is required",
+      "addressRequired": "Address is required",
+      "peerPublicKeyRequired": "Peer public key is required",
+      "peerEndpointRequired": "Peer endpoint is required",
+      "updated": "VPN updated successfully",
+      "created": "WireGuard VPN created successfully",
+      "updateFailed": "Failed to update VPN: {{error}}",
+      "createFailed": "Failed to create VPN: {{error}}"
+    },
+    "import": {
+      "title": "Import VPN Config",
+      "descDropzone": "Import a WireGuard (.conf) configuration file",
+      "descPreview": "Review the VPN configuration to import",
+      "descResult": "VPN import completed",
+      "dropzonePrompt": "Drop a WireGuard .conf file here or click to browse",
+      "pasteHint": "Paste from clipboard with {{modKey}}+V",
+      "invalidContent": "Content does not appear to be a valid VPN configuration",
+      "fileReadError": "Failed to read file",
+      "wrongFileType": "Please drop a WireGuard .conf file",
+      "configurationLabel": "{{type}} Configuration",
+      "endpointLabel": "Endpoint: {{endpoint}}",
+      "vpnNameLabel": "VPN Name",
+      "vpnNamePlaceholder": "My VPN",
+      "configPreview": "Config Preview",
+      "importedSuccess": "VPN Imported Successfully",
+      "importFailed": "Import Failed",
+      "importButton": "Import VPN",
+      "doneButton": "Done",
+      "failedGeneric": "Failed to import VPN config",
+      "defaultName": "{{type}} VPN"
+    },
+    "management": {
+      "loading": "Loading VPNs...",
+      "noneCreated": "No VPN configs created yet. Import or create one using the buttons above.",
+      "editVpn": "Edit VPN",
+      "deleteVpn": "Delete VPN",
+      "cannotDelete_one": "Cannot delete: in use by {{count}} profile",
+      "cannotDelete_other": "Cannot delete: in use by {{count}} profiles",
+      "syncCannotDisable": "Sync cannot be disabled while this VPN is used by synced profiles",
+      "deleteSuccess": "VPN deleted successfully",
+      "deleteFailed": "Failed to delete VPN",
+      "deleteTitle": "Delete VPN",
+      "deleteDescription": "This action cannot be undone. This will permanently delete the VPN \"{{name}}\"."
+    }
+  },
+  "importProfile": {
+    "title": "Import Browser Profile",
+    "autoDetect": "Auto-Detect",
+    "manualImport": "Manual Import",
+    "detectedProfilesTitle": "Detected Browser Profiles",
+    "scanning": "Scanning for browser profiles...",
+    "noneFound": "No browser profiles found on your system.",
+    "noneFoundHint": "Try the manual import option if you have profiles in custom locations.",
+    "selectProfile": "Select Profile:",
+    "selectProfilePlaceholder": "Choose a detected profile",
+    "pathLabel": "Path:",
+    "browserLabel": "Browser:",
+    "newProfileName": "New Profile Name:",
+    "newProfileNamePlaceholder": "Enter a name for the imported profile",
+    "manualTitle": "Manual Profile Import",
+    "browserType": "Browser Type:",
+    "loadingBrowsers": "Loading browsers...",
+    "selectBrowserType": "Select browser type",
+    "profileFolderPath": "Profile Folder Path:",
+    "profileFolderPlaceholder": "Enter the full path to the profile folder",
+    "browseFolderTitle": "Browse for folder",
+    "examplePaths": "Example paths:",
+    "selectFolderTitle": "Select Browser Profile Folder",
+    "folderDialogFailed": "Failed to open folder dialog",
+    "detectFailed": "Failed to detect existing browser profiles",
+    "fillFields": "Please fill in all fields",
+    "selectAndName": "Please select a profile and provide a name",
+    "profileNotFound": "Selected profile not found",
+    "importedSuccess": "Successfully imported profile \"{{name}}\"",
+    "notInstalled": "{{browser}} is not installed. Please download {{browser}} first from the main window, then try importing again.",
+    "importFailed": "Failed to import profile: {{error}}",
+    "proxyOptional": "Proxy (Optional)",
+    "noProxy": "No proxy",
+    "nextButton": "Next",
+    "importButton": "Import",
+    "importedAs": "This profile will be imported as a {{browser}} profile."
+  },
+  "syncTooltips": {
+    "syncing": "Syncing...",
+    "syncedAt": "Synced {{time}}",
+    "synced": "Synced",
+    "waiting": "Waiting to sync",
+    "errorWith": "Sync error: {{error}}",
+    "error": "Sync error",
+    "notSynced": "Not synced"
+  },
+  "groupManagement": {
+    "description": "Manage your profile groups",
+    "createGroup": "Create Group",
+    "noGroups": "No groups created yet. Create your first group using the button above.",
+    "loading": "Loading groups...",
+    "profileCount_one": "{{count}} profile",
+    "profileCount_other": "{{count}} profiles",
+    "groupsLabel": "Groups",
+    "profilesCol": "Profiles",
+    "syncCannotDisable": "Sync cannot be disabled while this group is used by synced profiles",
+    "editGroupTooltip": "Edit group",
+    "deleteGroupTooltip": "Delete group",
+    "loadFailed": "Failed to load groups"
+  },
+  "proxyAssignment": {
+    "title": "Assign Proxy / VPN",
+    "description_one": "Assign a proxy or VPN to {{count}} selected profile.",
+    "description_other": "Assign a proxy or VPN to {{count}} selected profiles.",
+    "selectLabel": "Proxy / VPN",
+    "placeholder": "Select a proxy or VPN",
+    "noProxy": "No proxy / VPN",
+    "searchPlaceholder": "Search proxies or VPNs...",
+    "notFound": "No proxies or VPNs found.",
+    "assignButton": "Assign",
+    "success": "Successfully assigned proxy/VPN to {{count}} profile(s)",
+    "failed": "Failed to assign proxy/VPN",
+    "selectedProfilesLabel": "Selected Profiles:",
+    "assignProxyVpnLabel": "Assign Proxy / VPN:",
+    "noneOption": "None",
+    "noValidProfiles": "No valid profiles selected.",
+    "vpnGroupHeading": "VPNs",
+    "failedFallback": "Failed to assign proxy/VPN to profiles"
+  },
+  "groupAssignment": {
+    "title": "Assign Group",
+    "description_one": "Assign a group to {{count}} selected profile.",
+    "description_other": "Assign a group to {{count}} selected profiles.",
+    "selectLabel": "Group",
+    "placeholder": "Select a group",
+    "noGroup": "No Group (Default)",
+    "assignButton": "Assign",
+    "success": "Successfully assigned group to {{count}} profile(s)",
+    "failed": "Failed to assign group",
+    "selectedProfilesLabel": "Selected Profiles:",
+    "assignGroupLabel": "Assign to Group:",
+    "noValidProfiles": "No valid profiles selected.",
+    "failedFallback": "Failed to assign group to profiles"
+  },
+  "profileSelector": {
+    "title": "Select Profile",
+    "description": "Choose a profile to launch with this URL",
+    "searchPlaceholder": "Search profiles...",
+    "noProfiles": "No profiles available",
+    "noResults": "No profiles match your search",
+    "selectButton": "Select",
+    "launching": "Launching...",
+    "chooseProfileTitle": "Choose Profile",
+    "openingUrl": "Opening URL:",
+    "urlCopied": "URL copied to clipboard!",
+    "selectProfileLabel": "Select Profile:",
+    "noneAvailableShort": "No profiles available. Please create a profile first.",
+    "noneAvailableLong": "Close this dialog and create a profile from the main window to get started.",
+    "chooseAProfile": "Choose a profile",
+    "badgeProxy": "Proxy",
+    "badgeRunning": "Running",
+    "badgeUnavailable": "Unavailable",
+    "openButton": "Open"
+  },
+  "locationProxy": {
+    "title": "Quick Location Proxy",
+    "description": "Choose a country to route this profile through. A proxy will be created automatically.",
+    "country": "Country",
+    "selectCountry": "Select a country",
+    "searchCountry": "Search country...",
+    "noCountriesFound": "No countries found.",
+    "apply": "Apply",
+    "creating": "Creating proxy...",
+    "success": "Location proxy applied",
+    "failed": "Failed to apply location proxy",
+    "titleCreate": "Create Location Proxy",
+    "descriptionCreate": "Create a geo-targeted proxy with a 24-hour sticky session",
+    "countryLabel": "Country (required)",
+    "regionLabel": "Region (optional)",
+    "cityLabel": "City (optional)",
+    "ispLabel": "ISP (optional)",
+    "nameLabel": "Name",
+    "namePlaceholder": "Proxy name",
+    "loadingCountries": "Loading countries...",
+    "selectCountryPh": "Select country",
+    "searchCountries": "Search countries...",
+    "loadFailed": "Failed to load countries",
+    "selectCountryFirst": "Select a country first",
+    "loadingRegions": "Loading regions...",
+    "noRegions": "No regions available",
+    "selectRegion": "Select region",
+    "searchRegions": "Search regions...",
+    "loadingCities": "Loading cities...",
+    "noCities": "No cities available",
+    "selectCity": "Select city",
+    "searchCities": "Search cities...",
+    "loadingIsps": "Loading ISPs...",
+    "noIsps": "No ISPs available",
+    "selectIsp": "Select ISP",
+    "searchIsps": "Search ISPs...",
+    "createSuccess": "Location proxy created",
+    "createFailed": "Failed to create location proxy",
+    "creatingButton": "Creating...",
+    "createButton": "Create"
+  },
+  "launchOnLogin": {
+    "title": "Enable Launch on Login?",
+    "description": "Running in the background helps keep your proxies and browsers alive.",
+    "declineButton": "Don't Ask Again",
+    "declining": "...",
+    "enableButton": "Enable",
+    "enableSuccess": "Launch on login enabled",
+    "enableFailed": "Failed to enable launch on login",
+    "declineFailed": "Failed to save preference",
+    "tryAgain": "Please try again"
+  },
+  "wayfernTerms": {
+    "title": "Wayfern Terms and Conditions",
+    "description": "Before using Donut Browser, you must read and agree to Wayfern's Terms and Conditions.",
+    "reviewLabel": "Please review the Terms and Conditions at:",
+    "agreeNotice": "By clicking \"I Accept\", you agree to be bound by these terms.",
+    "acceptButton": "I Accept",
+    "acceptSuccess": "Terms accepted successfully",
+    "acceptFailed": "Failed to accept terms",
+    "tryAgain": "Please try again"
+  },
+  "commercialTrial": {
+    "title": "Commercial Trial Expired",
+    "description": "Your 2-week commercial trial period has ended.",
+    "body": "If you are using Donut Browser for business purposes, you need to purchase a commercial license to continue. You can still use it for personal use for free.",
+    "understandButton": "I Understand",
+    "failed": "Failed to save acknowledgment",
+    "tryAgain": "Please try again"
+  },
+  "permissionDialog": {
+    "titleMicrophone": "Microphone Access Required",
+    "titleCamera": "Camera Access Required",
+    "descMicrophone": "Donut Browser needs access to your microphone to enable microphone functionality in web browsers. Each website that wants to use your microphone will still ask for your permission individually.",
+    "descCamera": "Donut Browser needs access to your camera to enable camera functionality in web browsers. Each website that wants to use your camera will still ask for your permission individually.",
+    "grantedMicrophone": "Permission granted! Browsers launched from Donut Browser can now access your microphone.",
+    "grantedCamera": "Permission granted! Browsers launched from Donut Browser can now access your camera.",
+    "notGrantedMicrophone": "Permission not granted. Click the button below to request access to your microphone.",
+    "notGrantedCamera": "Permission not granted. Click the button below to request access to your camera.",
+    "doneButton": "Done",
+    "cancelButton": "Cancel",
+    "grantAccessButton": "Grant Access",
+    "requestSuccessMicrophone": "Microphone Access permission requested",
+    "requestSuccessCamera": "Camera Access permission requested",
+    "requestFailed": "Failed to request permission"
+  },
+  "traffic": {
+    "title": "Traffic Details",
+    "bandwidthOverTime": "Bandwidth Over Time",
+    "timePeriodPlaceholder": "Time period",
+    "last1m": "Last 1 min",
+    "last5m": "Last 5 min",
+    "last30m": "Last 30 min",
+    "last1h": "Last 1 hour",
+    "last2h": "Last 2 hours",
+    "last4h": "Last 4 hours",
+    "last1d": "Last 1 day",
+    "last7d": "Last 7 days",
+    "last30d": "Last 30 days",
+    "allTime": "All time",
+    "allTimeShort": "all time",
+    "totalSuffix": "total",
+    "sentLabel": "Sent ({{period}})",
+    "receivedLabel": "Received ({{period}})",
+    "requestsLabel": "Requests ({{period}})",
+    "allTimeTraffic": "All-time traffic:",
+    "allTimeRequests": "All-time requests:",
+    "proxyDisclaimer": "Note: If you are using a proxy, VPN, or similar service, your provider may calculate traffic differently due to encryption overhead and protocol differences.",
+    "topByTraffic": "Top Domains by Traffic ({{period}})",
+    "topByRequests": "Top Domains by Requests ({{period}})",
+    "columnDomain": "Domain",
+    "columnRequests": "Requests",
+    "columnSent": "Sent",
+    "columnReceived": "Received",
+    "columnTotal": "Total Traffic",
+    "uniqueIps": "Unique IPs ({{count}})",
+    "noData": "No traffic data available for this profile.",
+    "noDataHint": "Traffic data will appear after you launch the profile.",
+    "sentLegend": "Sent",
+    "receivedLegend": "Received",
+    "tooltipSent": "↑ Sent: ",
+    "tooltipReceived": "↓ Received: "
+  },
+  "camoufoxDialog": {
+    "titleView": "View Fingerprint Settings - {{name}} ({{browser}})",
+    "titleConfigure": "Configure Fingerprint Settings - {{name}} ({{browser}})",
+    "invalidFingerprint": "Invalid fingerprint configuration",
+    "invalidFingerprintDescription": "The fingerprint configuration contains invalid JSON. Please check your advanced settings.",
+    "saveFailed": "Failed to save configuration",
+    "unknownError": "Unknown error occurred"
+  },
+  "proxyCheck": {
+    "unknownLocation": "Unknown",
+    "locationToast": "Your proxy location is:",
+    "failed": "Proxy check failed: {{error}}",
+    "tooltipChecking": "Checking proxy...",
+    "tooltipIp": "IP: {{ip}}",
+    "tooltipChecked": "Checked {{time}}",
+    "tooltipFailed": "Failed {{time}}",
+    "tooltipFailedTitle": "Proxy check failed",
+    "tooltipDefault": "Check proxy validity"
+  },
+  "vpnCheck": {
+    "valid": "VPN \"{{name}}\" configuration is valid",
+    "invalid": "VPN \"{{name}}\" configuration is invalid",
+    "failed": "VPN check failed: {{error}}",
+    "tooltipChecking": "Checking VPN config...",
+    "tooltipValid": "Configuration valid",
+    "tooltipInvalid": "Configuration invalid",
+    "tooltipChecked": "Checked {{time}}",
+    "tooltipDefault": "Check VPN config validity"
+  },
+  "profileTable": {
+    "syncTooltipDisabled": "Sync disabled",
+    "syncTooltipSyncing": "Syncing...",
+    "syncTooltipSyncedAt": "Synced {{time}}",
+    "syncTooltipSynced": "Synced",
+    "syncTooltipWaiting": "Waiting to sync",
+    "syncTooltipErrorWith": "Sync error: {{error}}",
+    "syncTooltipError": "Sync error",
+    "syncTooltipNotSynced": "Not synced",
+    "noTags": "No tags",
+    "syncTooltipCloseToSync": "Close the profile to sync",
+    "syncTooltipDisabledWithLast": "Sync disabled, last sync {{time}}",
+    "addTagsPlaceholder": "Add tags",
+    "tagsHeader": "Tags",
+    "noteHeader": "Note",
+    "vpnsHeading": "VPNs",
+    "createByCountryHeading": "Create by country"
+  },
+  "releaseTypeSelector": {
+    "noReleaseTypes": "No release types available.",
+    "placeholder": "Select release type...",
+    "stable": "Stable",
+    "nightly": "Nightly",
+    "downloaded": "Downloaded",
+    "downloadBrowser": "Download Browser",
+    "downloading": "Downloading..."
+  },
+  "dataTableActionBar": {
+    "selected": "{{count}} selected",
+    "clearSelection": "Clear selection"
+  },
+  "appUpdate": {
+    "toast": {
+      "updateFailed": "Failed to update Donut Browser",
+      "restartFailed": "Failed to restart",
+      "updateReady": "Update ready, restart to apply",
+      "manualDownloadRequired": "Manual download required",
+      "restartNow": "Restart Now",
+      "viewRelease": "View Release",
+      "later": "Later",
+      "uploading": "Uploading",
+      "downloading": "Downloading"
+    }
+  },
+  "browserDownload": {
+    "toast": {
+      "fetchVersionsFailed": "Failed to fetch {{browser}} versions",
+      "foundNewVersions": "Found {{count}} new {{browser}} versions!",
+      "totalAvailableVersions": "Total available: {{count}} versions",
+      "downloadFailed": "Failed to download {{browser}} {{version}}",
+      "calculating": "calculating...",
+      "extractionFailed": "{{browser}} {{version}}: extraction failed",
+      "extractionFailedDescription": "The corrupt file was deleted. It will be re-downloaded on next attempt.",
+      "extracting": "Extracting browser files... Please do not close the app.",
+      "verifying": "Verifying browser files...",
+      "downloadingRolling": "Downloading rolling release build..."
+    }
+  },
+  "versionUpdater": {
+    "toast": {
+      "alreadyAvailable": "{{browser}} {{version}} already available",
+      "updatingProfiles": "Updating profile configurations...",
+      "updateCompleted": "{{browser}} update completed",
+      "singleProfileUpdated": "Profile \"{{name}}\" has been updated to version {{version}}. You can now launch your browsers with the latest version.",
+      "multipleProfilesUpdated": "{{count}} profiles have been updated to version {{version}}. You can now launch your browsers with the latest version.",
+      "versionAvailable": "Version {{version}} is now available. Running profiles will use the new version when restarted.",
+      "autoUpdateFailed": "Failed to auto-update {{browser}}",
+      "updateWithErrors": "Update completed with some errors",
+      "updateWithErrorsDescription": "{{newVersions}} new versions found, {{failedUpdates}} browsers failed to update",
+      "updateSuccess": "Browser versions updated successfully",
+      "updateSuccessDescription": "Found {{newVersions}} new versions across {{successfulUpdates}} browsers. Auto-downloads will start shortly.",
+      "upToDate": "No new browser versions found",
+      "upToDateDescription": "All browser versions are up to date",
+      "updateAllFailed": "Failed to update browser versions"
+    }
  }
 }
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
      "refresh": "Actualizar",
      "loading": "Cargando...",
      "saveSettings": "Guardar Configuración",
-      "moreInfo": "Más información"
+      "moreInfo": "Más información",
+      "downloading": "Descargando...",
+      "minimize": "Minimizar"
    },
    "status": {
      "active": "Activo",
@@ -56,7 +58,10 @@
      "default": "Predeterminado",
      "custom": "Personalizado",
      "optional": "Opcional",
-      "required": "Requerido"
+      "required": "Requerido",
+      "unknownProfile": "Desconocido",
+      "mode": "Modo",
+      "never": "Nunca"
    },
    "time": {
      "days": "días",
@@ -64,6 +69,33 @@
      "minutes": "minutos",
      "seconds": "segundos",
      "remaining": "restantes"
+    },
+    "aria": {
+      "selectAll": "Seleccionar todo",
+      "selectRow": "Seleccionar fila",
+      "selectProfile": "Seleccionar perfil",
+      "copy": "Copiar al portapapeles",
+      "copied": "Copiado",
+      "showToken": "Mostrar token",
+      "hideToken": "Ocultar token"
+    },
+    "keys": {
+      "escape": "Escape"
+    },
+    "errors": {
+      "unknown": "Ocurrió un error desconocido"
+    },
+    "window": {
+      "minimize": "Minimizar"
+    },
+    "commandPalette": {
+      "title": "Paleta de comandos",
+      "description": "Busca un comando para ejecutar..."
+    },
+    "noResults": "No se encontraron resultados.",
+    "srOnly": {
+      "copy": "Copiar",
+      "copied": "Copiado"
    }
  },
  "settings": {
@@ -85,7 +117,8 @@
      "title": "Idioma",
      "description": "Elige tu idioma preferido para la interfaz de la aplicación.",
      "systemDefault": "Predeterminado del Sistema",
-      "selectLanguage": "Seleccionar idioma"
+      "selectLanguage": "Seleccionar idioma",
+      "interface": "Idioma de la interfaz"
    },
    "defaultBrowser": {
      "title": "Navegador Predeterminado",
@@ -100,7 +133,8 @@
      "microphone": "Micrófono",
      "microphoneDescription": "Acceso al micrófono para aplicaciones del navegador",
      "camera": "Cámara",
-      "cameraDescription": "Acceso a la cámara para aplicaciones del navegador"
+      "cameraDescription": "Acceso a la cámara para aplicaciones del navegador",
+      "accessRequested": "Acceso a {{permission}} solicitado"
    },
    "integrations": {
      "title": "Integraciones",
@@ -134,7 +168,8 @@
    "advanced": {
      "title": "Avanzado",
      "clearCache": "Limpiar Toda la Caché de Versiones",
-      "clearCacheDescription": "Limpia todos los datos de versiones de navegadores en caché y actualiza todas las versiones desde sus fuentes. Esto forzará una descarga nueva de información de versiones para todos los navegadores."
+      "clearCacheDescription": "Limpia todos los datos de versiones de navegadores en caché y actualiza todas las versiones desde sus fuentes. Esto forzará una descarga nueva de información de versiones para todos los navegadores.",
+      "clearCacheFailed": "Error al limpiar la caché"
    },
    "disableAutoUpdates": "Desactivar Actualizaciones Automáticas de la App",
    "disableAutoUpdatesDescription": "Evita que la aplicación busque e instale actualizaciones de Donut Browser automáticamente. Las actualizaciones de navegadores no se ven afectadas."
@@ -169,7 +204,9 @@
      "note": "Nota",
      "group": "Grupo",
      "proxy": "Proxy / VPN",
-      "lastLaunch": "Último Inicio"
+      "lastLaunch": "Último Inicio",
+      "empty": "No se encontraron perfiles.",
+      "notSelected": "No seleccionado"
    },
    "actions": {
      "launch": "Iniciar",
@@ -205,7 +242,30 @@
    "ephemeral": "Efímero",
    "ephemeralDescription": "El navegador es forzado a escribir los datos del perfil en memoria en lugar del disco. Los datos se eliminan al cerrar el navegador.",
    "ephemeralBadge": "Efímero",
-    "ephemeralAlpha": "Alpha"
+    "ephemeralAlpha": "Alpha",
+    "bulkDelete": {
+      "title": "Eliminar perfiles seleccionados",
+      "description": "Esta acción no se puede deshacer. Eliminará permanentemente {{count}} perfil(es) y todos los datos asociados.",
+      "confirmButton": "Eliminar {{count}} perfil(es)"
+    },
+    "note": {
+      "empty": "Sin nota",
+      "placeholder": "Añadir una nota..."
+    },
+    "aria": {
+      "profileInfo": "Información del perfil"
+    },
+    "delete": {
+      "title": "Eliminar perfil",
+      "description": "Esta acción no se puede deshacer. Eliminará permanentemente el perfil \"{{profileName}}\" y todos sus datos asociados.",
+      "confirmButton": "Eliminar perfil"
+    },
+    "actionBar": {
+      "assignToGroup": "Asignar a grupo",
+      "assignProxy": "Asignar proxy",
+      "assignExtensionGroup": "Asignar grupo de extensiones",
+      "copyCookies": "Copiar cookies"
+    }
  },
  "createProfile": {
    "title": "Crear Nuevo Perfil",
@@ -228,7 +288,10 @@
      "title": "Proxy / VPN",
      "addProxy": "Agregar Proxy",
      "noProxy": "Sin proxy / VPN",
-      "noProxiesAvailable": "No hay proxies o VPNs disponibles. Agrega uno para enrutar el tráfico de este perfil."
+      "noProxiesAvailable": "No hay proxies o VPNs disponibles. Agrega uno para enrutar el tráfico de este perfil.",
+      "search": "Buscar proxies o VPN...",
+      "notFound": "No se encontraron proxies o VPN.",
+      "searchWithCountries": "Buscar proxies, VPN o países..."
    },
    "launchHook": {
      "label": "URL del hook de inicio",
@@ -248,7 +311,8 @@
    "chromiumSubtitle": "Impulsado por Wayfern",
    "firefoxLabel": "Firefox",
    "firefoxSubtitle": "Impulsado por Camoufox",
-    "camoufoxWarning": "Firefox (Camoufox) está mantenido por una organización de terceros. Para uso en producción, utilice Chromium."
+    "camoufoxWarning": "Firefox (Camoufox) está mantenido por una organización de terceros. Para uso en producción, utilice Chromium.",
+    "platformUnavailable": "{{browser}} aún no está disponible en tu plataforma."
  },
  "deleteDialog": {
    "title": "Eliminar Perfil",
@@ -259,7 +323,31 @@
  },
  "proxies": {
    "title": "Proxies",
-    "management": "Proxies y VPNs",
+    "management": {
+      "description": "Administra tus configuraciones de proxy y VPN para reutilizarlas en los perfiles",
+      "tabProxies": "Proxies",
+      "tabVpns": "VPN",
+      "create": "Crear",
+      "loading": "Cargando proxies...",
+      "noneCreated": "Aún no hay proxies. Crea tu primer proxy usando el botón de arriba.",
+      "usage": "Uso",
+      "syncCol": "Sincronizar",
+      "syncCannotDisable": "No se puede desactivar la sincronización mientras este proxy esté en uso por perfiles sincronizados",
+      "enableSync": "Activar sincronización",
+      "disableSync": "Desactivar sincronización",
+      "editProxy": "Editar proxy",
+      "deleteProxy": "Eliminar proxy",
+      "cannotDelete_one": "No se puede eliminar: en uso por {{count}} perfil",
+      "cannotDelete_other": "No se puede eliminar: en uso por {{count}} perfiles",
+      "syncEnabled": "Sincronización activada",
+      "syncDisabled": "Sincronización desactivada",
+      "updateSyncFailed": "Error al actualizar la sincronización",
+      "deleteSuccess": "Proxy eliminado correctamente",
+      "deleteFailed": "Error al eliminar el proxy",
+      "deleteTitle": "Eliminar proxy",
+      "deleteDescription": "Esta acción no se puede deshacer. Se eliminará permanentemente el proxy \"{{name}}\".",
+      "title": "Proxies y VPN"
+    },
    "add": "Agregar Proxy",
    "edit": "Editar Proxy",
    "delete": "Eliminar Proxy",
@@ -280,7 +368,12 @@
      "password": "Contraseña",
      "passwordPlaceholder": "Opcional",
      "cipher": "Cifrado",
-      "cipherPlaceholder": "aes-256-gcm"
+      "cipherPlaceholder": "aes-256-gcm",
+      "nameRequired": "El nombre del proxy es obligatorio",
+      "hostPortRequired": "Host y puerto son obligatorios",
+      "ssCipherRequired": "Para Shadowsocks se requieren cifrado y contraseña",
+      "selectType": "Selecciona el tipo de proxy",
+      "saveFailed": "Error al guardar el proxy: {{error}}"
    },
    "types": {
      "http": "HTTP",
@@ -318,6 +411,45 @@
    "sync": {
      "enabled": "Sincronización Habilitada",
      "disabled": "Sincronización Deshabilitada"
+    },
+    "exportDialog": {
+      "title": "Exportar proxies",
+      "description": "Exporta tus configuraciones de proxy a un archivo",
+      "format": "Formato de exportación",
+      "json": "JSON",
+      "txt": "TXT (formato URL)",
+      "preview": "Vista previa",
+      "noProxies": "No hay proxies para exportar",
+      "downloaded": "{{filename}} descargado",
+      "failed": "Error al exportar los proxies",
+      "copied": "Copiado"
+    },
+    "importDialog": {
+      "title": "Importar proxies",
+      "descDropzone": "Importar proxies desde un archivo JSON o TXT",
+      "descPreview": "Revisa los proxies a importar",
+      "descAmbiguous": "Algunos proxies tienen formatos ambiguos. Selecciona el formato correcto.",
+      "descResult": "Importación completada",
+      "dropzonePrompt": "Suelta un archivo de configuración de proxy",
+      "dropzoneFormats": "(.json, .txt)",
+      "pasteHint": "Pega desde el portapapeles con {{modKey}}+V",
+      "wrongFileType": "Por favor, suelta un archivo .json o .txt",
+      "fileReadError": "Error al leer el archivo",
+      "fileProcessError": "Error al procesar el archivo",
+      "noValidProxies": "No se encontraron proxies válidos en el archivo",
+      "namePrefix": "Prefijo de nombre",
+      "namePrefixDefault": "Imported",
+      "namePrefixHint": "Los proxies se nombrarán \"{{prefix}} Proxy 1\", \"{{prefix}} Proxy 2\", etc.",
+      "proxiesToImport": "Proxies a importar ({{count}})",
+      "invalidCount": "({{count}} inválidos)",
+      "ambiguousIntro": "Los siguientes proxies tienen un formato ambiguo. Selecciona la interpretación correcta para cada uno.",
+      "imported": "Importados:",
+      "skippedDuplicates": "Omitidos (duplicados):",
+      "errors": "Errores",
+      "importButton": "Importar {{count}} proxies",
+      "continueButton": "Continuar",
+      "doneButton": "Hecho",
+      "failed": "Error al importar los proxies"
    }
  },
  "groups": {
@@ -343,7 +475,31 @@
    "sync": {
      "enabled": "Sincronización Habilitada",
      "disabled": "Sincronización Deshabilitada"
-    }
+    },
+    "createTitle": "Crear Nuevo Grupo",
+    "createDescription": "Crea un nuevo grupo para organizar tus perfiles de navegador.",
+    "editTitle": "Editar Grupo",
+    "editDescription": "Actualiza el nombre de tu grupo.",
+    "createSuccess": "Grupo creado correctamente",
+    "createFailed": "Error al crear el grupo",
+    "updateSuccess": "Grupo actualizado correctamente",
+    "updateFailed": "Error al actualizar el grupo",
+    "deleteTitle": "Eliminar Grupo",
+    "deleteDescription": "Esta acción no se puede deshacer. Eliminará permanentemente el grupo.",
+    "deleteSuccess": "Grupo eliminado correctamente",
+    "deleteFailed": "Error al eliminar el grupo",
+    "loadingProfiles": "Cargando perfiles asociados...",
+    "associatedProfiles": "Perfiles Asociados ({{count}})",
+    "whatToDoWithProfiles": "¿Qué hacer con estos perfiles?",
+    "moveToDefaultOption": "Mover perfiles al grupo Predeterminado",
+    "deleteAlongWithGroup": "Eliminar perfiles junto con el grupo",
+    "noAssociatedProfiles": "Este grupo no tiene perfiles asociados.",
+    "deleteGroup": "Eliminar Grupo",
+    "deleteGroupAndProfiles": "Eliminar Grupo y Perfiles",
+    "loadProfilesFailed": "Error al cargar los perfiles",
+    "unknownGroup": "Grupo desconocido",
+    "profileGroupsAriaLabel": "Grupos de perfiles",
+    "loading": "Cargando grupos..."
  },
  "sync": {
    "mode": {
@@ -366,7 +522,16 @@
      "configureService": "Configurar servicio de sincronización"
    },
    "title": "Servicio de Sincronización",
-    "config": "Configuración de Sincronización",
+    "config": {
+      "serverUrlRequired": "Introduce la URL del servidor",
+      "connectionSuccess": "¡Conexión exitosa!",
+      "serverError": "El servidor respondió con un error",
+      "connectFailed": "Error al conectar con el servidor",
+      "settingsSaved": "Ajustes de sincronización guardados",
+      "saveFailed": "Error al guardar los ajustes",
+      "disconnected": "Sincronización desconectada",
+      "disconnectFailed": "Error al desconectar"
+    },
    "serverUrl": "URL del Servidor",
    "serverUrlPlaceholder": "https://sync.ejemplo.com",
    "token": "Token de Sincronización",
@@ -410,6 +575,12 @@
      "profileLockedShort": "En uso",
      "cannotLaunchLocked": "No se puede iniciar — el perfil está en uso por {{email}}",
      "createdBy": "Creado por {{email}}"
+    },
+    "disabled": "Desactivada",
+    "toast": {
+      "profileSynced": "Perfil '{{name}}' sincronizado correctamente",
+      "profileSyncFailed": "Error al sincronizar el perfil '{{name}}'",
+      "profileSyncFailedWithError": "Error al sincronizar el perfil '{{name}}': {{error}}"
    }
  },
  "integrations": {
@@ -447,7 +618,32 @@
      "removedFromClaudeCode": "Eliminado de Claude Code",
      "config": "Configuración MCP",
      "copyConfig": "Copiar Configuración"
-    }
+    },
+    "tabApi": "API local",
+    "tabMcp": "MCP (asistentes IA)",
+    "apiEnableLabel": "Activar servidor API local",
+    "apiEnableDescription": "Permite gestionar perfiles, grupos y proxies vía API REST.",
+    "apiPortLabel": "Puerto",
+    "apiTokenLabel": "Token de autenticación",
+    "apiTokenHint": "Incluir en cabecera Authorization: Bearer {{tokenSlot}}",
+    "apiInvalidPort": "Puerto inválido",
+    "apiInvalidPortDescription": "El puerto debe estar entre 1 y 65535",
+    "apiPortInUse": "El puerto {{port}} ya está en uso",
+    "apiFallbackPort": "Servidor iniciado en puerto alternativo {{port}}",
+    "apiStarted": "Servidor API iniciado en puerto {{port}}",
+    "apiRunning": "Servidor API ejecutándose en puerto {{port}}",
+    "apiStopped": "Servidor API detenido",
+    "apiToggleFailed": "Error al alternar el servidor API",
+    "apiStartFailed": "Error al iniciar el servidor API",
+    "apiUnknownError": "Error desconocido",
+    "tokenCopied": "Token copiado",
+    "mcpEnableLabel": "Activar servidor MCP (Model Context Protocol)",
+    "mcpEnableDescription": "Permite que asistentes IA como Claude Desktop controlen los navegadores.",
+    "mcpAcceptTermsFirst": "(Acepta primero los términos de Wayfern en Configuración)",
+    "mcpStarted": "Servidor MCP iniciado en puerto {{port}}",
+    "mcpStopped": "Servidor MCP detenido",
+    "mcpToggleFailed": "Error al alternar el servidor MCP",
+    "openSettings": "Abrir configuración de integraciones"
  },
  "import": {
    "title": "Importar Perfil",
@@ -465,7 +661,9 @@
      "fingerprint": {
        "title": "Huella Digital",
        "randomize": "Aleatorizar al Iniciar",
-        "randomizeDescription": "Genera una nueva huella digital cada vez que se inicia el navegador."
+        "randomizeDescription": "Genera una nueva huella digital cada vez que se inicia el navegador.",
+        "osCpuPlaceholder": "p. ej., Intel Mac OS X 10.15",
+        "webglRendererPlaceholder": "p. ej., llvmpipe, o similar"
      },
      "os": {
        "title": "Sistema Operativo",
@@ -499,7 +697,10 @@
      "fingerprint": {
        "title": "Huella Digital",
        "randomize": "Aleatorizar al Iniciar",
-        "randomizeDescription": "Genera una nueva huella digital cada vez que se inicia el navegador."
+        "randomizeDescription": "Genera una nueva huella digital cada vez que se inicia el navegador.",
+        "platformPlaceholder": "p. ej., Win32, MacIntel, Linux x86_64",
+        "timezoneOffsetPlaceholder": "p. ej., 300 para EST (UTC-5)",
+        "webglRendererPlaceholder": "p. ej., Intel(R) HD Graphics"
      },
      "os": {
        "title": "Sistema Operativo",
@@ -522,6 +723,10 @@
        "webrtc": "Bloquear WebRTC",
        "webgl": "Bloquear WebGL"
      }
+    },
+    "shared": {
+      "browserBehavior": "Comportamiento del navegador",
+      "allowAddonsOpenTabs": "Permitir que los complementos abran nuevas pestañas automáticamente"
    }
  },
  "cookies": {
@@ -534,13 +739,53 @@
      "selectCookies": "Seleccionar Cookies",
      "allDomains": "Todos los Dominios",
      "selectedCount": "{{count}} cookie seleccionada",
-      "selectedCount_plural": "{{count}} cookies seleccionadas"
+      "selectedCount_plural": "{{count}} cookies seleccionadas",
+      "dialogDescription_one": "Copiar cookies de un perfil de origen a {{count}} perfil seleccionado.",
+      "dialogDescription_other": "Copiar cookies de un perfil de origen a {{count}} perfiles seleccionados.",
+      "sourceProfile": "Perfil de origen",
+      "sourcePlaceholder": "Selecciona un perfil del que copiar cookies",
+      "running": "(en ejecución)",
+      "targetProfiles": "Perfiles de destino ({{count}})",
+      "noOtherTargets": "No hay otros perfiles Wayfern/Camoufox seleccionados",
+      "selectSourceFirst": "Selecciona primero un perfil de origen",
+      "selectionStatus": "({{selected}} de {{total}} seleccionadas)",
+      "searchPlaceholder": "Buscar dominios o cookies...",
+      "noMatching": "No se encontraron cookies coincidentes",
+      "noFound": "No se encontraron cookies",
+      "replaceNote": "Las cookies existentes con el mismo nombre y dominio serán reemplazadas. El resto se conservará.",
+      "cannotCopyRunningOne": "No se pueden copiar las cookies: {{names}} aún en ejecución",
+      "cannotCopyRunningMany": "No se pueden copiar las cookies: {{names}} aún en ejecución",
+      "someErrors": "Ocurrieron algunos errores: {{errors}}",
+      "successMessage": "Se copiaron {{copied}} cookies correctamente ({{replaced}} reemplazadas)",
+      "failedMessage": "Error al copiar las cookies: {{error}}",
+      "copyButton_one": "Copiar {{count}} cookie",
+      "copyButton_other": "Copiar {{count}} cookies",
+      "copyButtonEmpty": "Copiar cookies"
    },
    "success": "Cookies copiadas exitosamente",
    "error": "Error al copiar cookies",
    "management": {
      "title": "Gestión de Cookies",
-      "menuItem": "Gestión de Cookies"
+      "menuItem": "Gestión de Cookies",
+      "tabImport": "Importar",
+      "tabExport": "Exportar",
+      "importDescription": "Importa cookies desde un archivo en formato Netscape o JSON.",
+      "dropPrompt": "Haz clic para elegir un archivo de cookies",
+      "fileFormats": "(.txt, .cookies o .json)",
+      "cookiesFound": "{{count}} cookies encontradas",
+      "importedSuccess": "{{imported}} cookies importadas correctamente ({{replaced}} reemplazadas)",
+      "linesSkipped": "{{count}} línea(s) omitidas",
+      "fileReadError": "Error al leer el archivo",
+      "loadFailed": "Error al cargar las cookies: {{error}}",
+      "cookiesLabel": "Cookies",
+      "selectionStatus": "({{selected}} de {{total}} seleccionadas)",
+      "selectAll": "Seleccionar todo",
+      "deselectAll": "Deseleccionar todo",
+      "noCookies": "No se encontraron cookies en este perfil",
+      "doneButton": "Hecho",
+      "importButton": "Importar",
+      "exportButton": "Exportar",
+      "backButton": "Atrás"
    },
    "import": {
      "title": "Importar Cookies",
@@ -623,7 +868,31 @@
    "maxLength": "Debe tener como máximo {{max}} caracteres",
    "networkError": "Error de red. Por favor verifica tu conexión.",
    "serverError": "Error del servidor. Por favor intenta de nuevo más tarde.",
-    "unknownError": "Ocurrió un error desconocido. Por favor intenta de nuevo."
+    "unknownError": "Ocurrió un error desconocido. Por favor intenta de nuevo.",
+    "noProfilesForUrl": "No hay perfiles disponibles. Crea un perfil antes de abrir URLs.",
+    "updateCamoufoxConfigFailed": "Error al actualizar la configuración de camoufox: {{error}}",
+    "updateWayfernConfigFailed": "Error al actualizar la configuración de wayfern: {{error}}",
+    "createProfileFailed": "Error al crear el perfil: {{error}}",
+    "launchBrowserFailed": "Error al iniciar el navegador: {{error}}",
+    "cannotDeleteRunningProfile": "No se puede eliminar el perfil mientras el navegador esté en ejecución. Detén el navegador primero.",
+    "deleteProfileFailed": "Error al eliminar el perfil: {{error}}",
+    "renameProfileFailed": "Error al renombrar el perfil: {{error}}",
+    "killBrowserFailed": "Error al detener el navegador: {{error}}",
+    "deleteSelectedProfilesFailed": "Error al eliminar los perfiles seleccionados: {{error}}",
+    "cookieCopyUnsupportedBrowser": "La copia de cookies sólo funciona con perfiles Wayfern y Camoufox",
+    "updateSyncSettingsFailed": "Error al actualizar los ajustes de sincronización",
+    "cloneProfileFailed": "Error al clonar el perfil: {{error}}",
+    "loadSupportedBrowsersFailed": "Error al cargar los navegadores compatibles",
+    "setupExtensionListenersFailed": "Error al configurar los listeners de eventos de extensiones: {{error}}",
+    "loadGroupsFailed": "Error al cargar los grupos: {{error}}",
+    "setupGroupListenersFailed": "Error al configurar los listeners de eventos de grupos: {{error}}",
+    "loadProfilesFailed": "Error al cargar los perfiles: {{error}}",
+    "setupProfileListenersFailed": "Error al configurar los listeners de eventos de perfiles: {{error}}",
+    "loadProxiesFailed": "Error al cargar los proxies: {{error}}",
+    "setupProxyListenersFailed": "Error al configurar los listeners de eventos de proxies: {{error}}",
+    "loadVpnConfigsFailed": "Error al cargar las configuraciones de VPN: {{error}}",
+    "setupVpnListenersFailed": "Error al configurar los listeners de eventos de VPN: {{error}}",
+    "themeNotFound": "Tema Tokyo Night no encontrado"
  },
  "browser": {
    "camoufox": "Camoufox",
@@ -649,15 +918,15 @@
    "blockWebRTC": "Bloquear WebRTC",
    "blockWebGL": "Bloquear WebGL",
    "navigatorProperties": "Propiedades del navegador",
-    "userAgent": "User Agent",
+    "userAgent": "Agente de usuario",
    "userAgentAndPlatform": "User Agent y plataforma",
    "platform": "Plataforma",
    "platformVersion": "Versión de plataforma",
    "appVersion": "Versión de la aplicación",
-    "osCpu": "OS CPU",
+    "osCpu": "CPU del SO",
    "hardwareConcurrency": "Concurrencia de hardware",
    "maxTouchPoints": "Puntos táctiles máximos",
-    "doNotTrack": "Do Not Track",
+    "doNotTrack": "No rastrear",
    "selectDntPlaceholder": "Seleccionar valor DNT",
    "dntAllowed": "0 (rastreo permitido)",
    "dntNotAllowed": "1 (rastreo no permitido)",
@@ -679,8 +948,8 @@
    "outerHeight": "Alto exterior",
    "innerWidth": "Ancho interior",
    "innerHeight": "Alto interior",
-    "screenX": "Screen X",
-    "screenY": "Screen Y",
+    "screenX": "Pantalla X",
+    "screenY": "Pantalla Y",
    "geolocation": "Geolocalización",
    "timezoneAndGeolocation": "Zona horaria y geolocalización",
    "timezoneGeolocationDescription": "Estos valores anulan las APIs de zona horaria y geolocalización del navegador.",
@@ -694,15 +963,15 @@
    "region": "Región",
    "script": "Script",
    "webglProperties": "Propiedades de WebGL",
-    "webglVendor": "WebGL Vendor",
-    "webglRenderer": "WebGL Renderer",
+    "webglVendor": "Proveedor WebGL",
+    "webglRenderer": "Renderizador WebGL",
    "webglParameters": "Parámetros de WebGL",
    "webglParametersJson": "Parámetros de WebGL (JSON)",
    "webgl2Parameters": "Parámetros de WebGL2",
-    "webglShaderPrecisionFormats": "Formatos de precisión de WebGL Shader",
-    "webgl2ShaderPrecisionFormats": "Formatos de precisión de WebGL2 Shader",
+    "webglShaderPrecisionFormats": "Formatos de precisión de shader WebGL",
+    "webgl2ShaderPrecisionFormats": "Formatos de precisión de shader WebGL2",
    "canvasFingerprint": "Canvas Fingerprint",
-    "canvasNoiseSeed": "Canvas Noise Seed",
+    "canvasNoiseSeed": "Semilla de ruido de Canvas",
    "canvasNoiseSeedDescription": "Esta semilla se usa para generar una huella digital de Canvas consistente pero única. Cada perfil debe tener una semilla diferente.",
    "fonts": "Fuentes",
    "fontsJson": "Fuentes (JSON array)",
@@ -723,13 +992,16 @@
    "maxChannelCount": "Número máximo de canales",
    "vendorInfo": "Información del proveedor",
    "vendor": "Proveedor",
-    "vendorSub": "Vendor Sub",
-    "productSub": "Product Sub",
+    "vendorSub": "Proveedor Sub",
+    "productSub": "Producto Sub",
    "brand": "Marca",
    "brandVersion": "Versión de marca",
    "proFeature": "Esta es una función Pro",
    "generateFingerprint": "Generar Huella Digital",
-    "refreshFingerprint": "Actualizar Huella Digital"
+    "refreshFingerprint": "Actualizar Huella Digital",
+    "canvasNoiseSeedPlaceholder": "Introduce una semilla para la huella digital del canvas",
+    "addFontsPlaceholder": "Agregar fuentes...",
+    "enterAsJson": "Ingresa {{title}} como JSON"
  },
  "warnings": {
    "windowResizeTitle": "Dimensiones de ventana personalizadas",
@@ -812,16 +1084,6 @@
      "button": "Clonar"
    }
  },
-  "vpnForm": {
-    "dependencies": {
-      "openVpnMissingTitle": "OpenVPN no está instalado",
-      "openVpnMissingDescription": "Puedes guardar esta configuración, pero Donut Browser no podrá conectarse hasta que OpenVPN esté instalado en este dispositivo.",
-      "openVpnAdapterMissingTitle": "Falta el adaptador de OpenVPN",
-      "openVpnAdapterMissingDescription": "OpenVPN está instalado, pero no se encontró ningún adaptador TAP/Wintun/ovpn-dco. Repara o reinstala OpenVPN antes de conectarte en Windows.",
-      "openVpnCheckFailedTitle": "No se pudo verificar la instalación de OpenVPN",
-      "openVpnCheckFailedDescription": "Donut Browser no pudo inspeccionar la instalación local de OpenVPN. Repara o reinstala OpenVPN antes de conectarte en Windows."
-    }
-  },
  "extensions": {
    "title": "Extensiones",
    "description": "Administra extensiones de navegador y grupos de extensiones para tus perfiles.",
@@ -879,7 +1141,9 @@
    "syncEnabled": "Sincronización habilitada",
    "syncDisabled": "Sincronización deshabilitada",
    "syncEnableTooltip": "Habilitar sincronización",
-    "syncDisableTooltip": "Deshabilitar sincronización"
+    "syncDisableTooltip": "Deshabilitar sincronización",
+    "loadGroupsFailed": "Error al cargar grupos de extensiones",
+    "assignGroupFailed": "Error al asignar grupo de extensiones"
  },
  "pro": {
    "badge": "PRO",
@@ -892,11 +1156,11 @@
  "dnsBlocklist": {
    "title": "Lista de bloqueo DNS",
    "none": "Ninguno",
-    "light": "Light",
+    "light": "Ligero",
    "normal": "Normal",
    "pro": "Pro",
    "proPlus": "Pro++",
-    "ultimate": "Ultimate",
+    "ultimate": "Definitivo",
    "settingsDescription": "Las listas de bloqueo DNS bloquean anuncios, rastreadores y dominios de malware a nivel de proxy. Las listas se actualizan automáticamente cada 12 horas.",
    "manageLists": "Gestionar listas de bloqueo DNS",
    "refreshAll": "Actualizar todas las listas",
@@ -905,5 +1169,421 @@
    "fresh": "Actualizado",
    "stale": "Desactualizado",
    "notCached": "Sin caché"
+  },
+  "vpns": {
+    "form": {
+      "titleEdit": "Editar VPN",
+      "titleCreate": "Crear VPN WireGuard",
+      "descEdit": "Actualiza el nombre de tu configuración VPN.",
+      "descCreate": "Introduce los detalles de la interfaz y el par de WireGuard.",
+      "name": "Nombre",
+      "namePlaceholder": "p. ej. WireGuard Casa",
+      "privateKey": "Clave Privada",
+      "privateKeyPlaceholder": "Clave privada codificada en Base64",
+      "address": "Dirección",
+      "addressPlaceholder": "p. ej. 10.0.0.2/24",
+      "dnsOptional": "DNS (opcional)",
+      "dnsPlaceholder": "p. ej. 1.1.1.1",
+      "mtuOptional": "MTU (opcional)",
+      "mtuPlaceholder": "p. ej. 1420",
+      "peerPublicKey": "Clave Pública del Par",
+      "peerPublicKeyPlaceholder": "Clave pública del par codificada en Base64",
+      "peerEndpoint": "Endpoint del Par",
+      "peerEndpointPlaceholder": "p. ej. vpn.example.com:51820",
+      "allowedIps": "IPs Permitidas",
+      "allowedIpsPlaceholder": "p. ej. 0.0.0.0/0, ::/0",
+      "keepaliveOptional": "Keepalive Persistente (opcional)",
+      "keepalivePlaceholder": "p. ej. 25",
+      "presharedKeyOptional": "Clave Precompartida (opcional)",
+      "presharedKeyPlaceholder": "Clave precompartida codificada en Base64",
+      "updateButton": "Actualizar VPN",
+      "createButton": "Crear VPN",
+      "nameRequired": "El nombre de la VPN es obligatorio",
+      "privateKeyRequired": "La clave privada es obligatoria",
+      "addressRequired": "La dirección es obligatoria",
+      "peerPublicKeyRequired": "La clave pública del par es obligatoria",
+      "peerEndpointRequired": "El endpoint del par es obligatorio",
+      "updated": "VPN actualizada correctamente",
+      "created": "VPN WireGuard creada correctamente",
+      "updateFailed": "Error al actualizar la VPN: {{error}}",
+      "createFailed": "Error al crear la VPN: {{error}}"
+    },
+    "import": {
+      "title": "Importar Configuración VPN",
+      "descDropzone": "Importa un archivo de configuración WireGuard (.conf)",
+      "descPreview": "Revisa la configuración VPN a importar",
+      "descResult": "Importación VPN completada",
+      "dropzonePrompt": "Suelta un archivo .conf de WireGuard aquí o haz clic para buscar",
+      "pasteHint": "Pegar desde el portapapeles con {{modKey}}+V",
+      "invalidContent": "El contenido no parece ser una configuración VPN válida",
+      "fileReadError": "Error al leer el archivo",
+      "wrongFileType": "Suelta un archivo .conf de WireGuard",
+      "configurationLabel": "Configuración {{type}}",
+      "endpointLabel": "Endpoint: {{endpoint}}",
+      "vpnNameLabel": "Nombre de la VPN",
+      "vpnNamePlaceholder": "Mi VPN",
+      "configPreview": "Vista Previa de la Configuración",
+      "importedSuccess": "VPN Importada Correctamente",
+      "importFailed": "Importación Fallida",
+      "importButton": "Importar VPN",
+      "doneButton": "Listo",
+      "failedGeneric": "Error al importar la configuración de VPN",
+      "defaultName": "VPN {{type}}"
+    },
+    "management": {
+      "loading": "Cargando VPN...",
+      "noneCreated": "Aún no hay configuraciones de VPN. Importa o crea una usando los botones de arriba.",
+      "editVpn": "Editar VPN",
+      "deleteVpn": "Eliminar VPN",
+      "cannotDelete_one": "No se puede eliminar: en uso por {{count}} perfil",
+      "cannotDelete_other": "No se puede eliminar: en uso por {{count}} perfiles",
+      "syncCannotDisable": "No se puede desactivar la sincronización mientras esta VPN esté en uso por perfiles sincronizados",
+      "deleteSuccess": "VPN eliminada correctamente",
+      "deleteFailed": "Error al eliminar la VPN",
+      "deleteTitle": "Eliminar VPN",
+      "deleteDescription": "Esta acción no se puede deshacer. Se eliminará permanentemente la VPN \"{{name}}\"."
+    }
+  },
+  "importProfile": {
+    "title": "Importar perfil de navegador",
+    "autoDetect": "Detección automática",
+    "manualImport": "Importación manual",
+    "detectedProfilesTitle": "Perfiles de navegador detectados",
+    "scanning": "Buscando perfiles de navegador...",
+    "noneFound": "No se encontraron perfiles de navegador en tu sistema.",
+    "noneFoundHint": "Prueba la importación manual si tienes perfiles en ubicaciones personalizadas.",
+    "selectProfile": "Seleccionar perfil:",
+    "selectProfilePlaceholder": "Elige un perfil detectado",
+    "pathLabel": "Ruta:",
+    "browserLabel": "Navegador:",
+    "newProfileName": "Nombre del nuevo perfil:",
+    "newProfileNamePlaceholder": "Introduce un nombre para el perfil importado",
+    "manualTitle": "Importación manual de perfil",
+    "browserType": "Tipo de navegador:",
+    "loadingBrowsers": "Cargando navegadores...",
+    "selectBrowserType": "Selecciona el tipo de navegador",
+    "profileFolderPath": "Ruta de la carpeta del perfil:",
+    "profileFolderPlaceholder": "Introduce la ruta completa a la carpeta del perfil",
+    "browseFolderTitle": "Buscar carpeta",
+    "examplePaths": "Rutas de ejemplo:",
+    "selectFolderTitle": "Seleccionar carpeta de perfil",
+    "folderDialogFailed": "Error al abrir el diálogo de carpeta",
+    "detectFailed": "Error al detectar los perfiles de navegador existentes",
+    "fillFields": "Por favor, completa todos los campos",
+    "selectAndName": "Selecciona un perfil y proporciona un nombre",
+    "profileNotFound": "Perfil seleccionado no encontrado",
+    "importedSuccess": "Perfil \"{{name}}\" importado correctamente",
+    "notInstalled": "{{browser}} no está instalado. Por favor descarga {{browser}} primero desde la ventana principal y luego intenta importar de nuevo.",
+    "importFailed": "Error al importar el perfil: {{error}}",
+    "proxyOptional": "Proxy (Opcional)",
+    "noProxy": "Sin proxy",
+    "nextButton": "Siguiente",
+    "importButton": "Importar",
+    "importedAs": "Este perfil se importará como un perfil de {{browser}}."
+  },
+  "syncTooltips": {
+    "syncing": "Sincronizando...",
+    "syncedAt": "Sincronizado {{time}}",
+    "synced": "Sincronizado",
+    "waiting": "En espera de sincronización",
+    "errorWith": "Error de sincronización: {{error}}",
+    "error": "Error de sincronización",
+    "notSynced": "Sin sincronizar"
+  },
+  "groupManagement": {
+    "description": "Administra tus grupos de perfiles",
+    "createGroup": "Crear grupo",
+    "noGroups": "Aún no hay grupos. Crea tu primer grupo usando el botón de arriba.",
+    "loading": "Cargando grupos...",
+    "profileCount_one": "{{count}} perfil",
+    "profileCount_other": "{{count}} perfiles",
+    "groupsLabel": "Grupos",
+    "profilesCol": "Perfiles",
+    "syncCannotDisable": "No se puede desactivar la sincronización mientras este grupo esté en uso por perfiles sincronizados",
+    "editGroupTooltip": "Editar grupo",
+    "deleteGroupTooltip": "Eliminar grupo",
+    "loadFailed": "Error al cargar los grupos"
+  },
+  "proxyAssignment": {
+    "title": "Asignar proxy / VPN",
+    "description_one": "Asigna un proxy o VPN a {{count}} perfil seleccionado.",
+    "description_other": "Asigna un proxy o VPN a {{count}} perfiles seleccionados.",
+    "selectLabel": "Proxy / VPN",
+    "placeholder": "Selecciona un proxy o VPN",
+    "noProxy": "Sin proxy / VPN",
+    "searchPlaceholder": "Buscar proxies o VPN...",
+    "notFound": "No se encontraron proxies ni VPN.",
+    "assignButton": "Asignar",
+    "success": "Proxy/VPN asignado correctamente a {{count}} perfil(es)",
+    "failed": "Error al asignar proxy/VPN",
+    "selectedProfilesLabel": "Perfiles seleccionados:",
+    "assignProxyVpnLabel": "Asignar proxy / VPN:",
+    "noneOption": "Ninguno",
+    "noValidProfiles": "No hay perfiles válidos seleccionados.",
+    "vpnGroupHeading": "VPN",
+    "failedFallback": "Error al asignar proxy/VPN a los perfiles"
+  },
+  "groupAssignment": {
+    "title": "Asignar grupo",
+    "description_one": "Asigna un grupo a {{count}} perfil seleccionado.",
+    "description_other": "Asigna un grupo a {{count}} perfiles seleccionados.",
+    "selectLabel": "Grupo",
+    "placeholder": "Selecciona un grupo",
+    "noGroup": "Sin grupo (Predeterminado)",
+    "assignButton": "Asignar",
+    "success": "Grupo asignado correctamente a {{count}} perfil(es)",
+    "failed": "Error al asignar grupo",
+    "selectedProfilesLabel": "Perfiles seleccionados:",
+    "assignGroupLabel": "Asignar a grupo:",
+    "noValidProfiles": "No hay perfiles válidos seleccionados.",
+    "failedFallback": "Error al asignar grupo a los perfiles"
+  },
+  "profileSelector": {
+    "title": "Seleccionar perfil",
+    "description": "Elige un perfil para abrir con esta URL",
+    "searchPlaceholder": "Buscar perfiles...",
+    "noProfiles": "No hay perfiles disponibles",
+    "noResults": "Ningún perfil coincide con tu búsqueda",
+    "selectButton": "Seleccionar",
+    "launching": "Abriendo...",
+    "chooseProfileTitle": "Elegir perfil",
+    "openingUrl": "Abriendo URL:",
+    "urlCopied": "¡URL copiada al portapapeles!",
+    "selectProfileLabel": "Seleccionar perfil:",
+    "noneAvailableShort": "No hay perfiles disponibles. Crea un perfil primero.",
+    "noneAvailableLong": "Cierra este diálogo y crea un perfil desde la ventana principal para empezar.",
+    "chooseAProfile": "Elige un perfil",
+    "badgeProxy": "Proxy",
+    "badgeRunning": "En ejecución",
+    "badgeUnavailable": "No disponible",
+    "openButton": "Abrir"
+  },
+  "locationProxy": {
+    "title": "Proxy rápido por ubicación",
+    "description": "Elige un país por el que enrutar este perfil. Se creará un proxy automáticamente.",
+    "country": "País",
+    "selectCountry": "Selecciona un país",
+    "searchCountry": "Buscar país...",
+    "noCountriesFound": "No se encontraron países.",
+    "apply": "Aplicar",
+    "creating": "Creando proxy...",
+    "success": "Proxy de ubicación aplicado",
+    "failed": "Error al aplicar el proxy de ubicación",
+    "titleCreate": "Crear proxy por ubicación",
+    "descriptionCreate": "Crea un proxy geolocalizado con una sesión persistente de 24 horas",
+    "countryLabel": "País (obligatorio)",
+    "regionLabel": "Región (opcional)",
+    "cityLabel": "Ciudad (opcional)",
+    "ispLabel": "ISP (opcional)",
+    "nameLabel": "Nombre",
+    "namePlaceholder": "Nombre del proxy",
+    "loadingCountries": "Cargando países...",
+    "selectCountryPh": "Selecciona país",
+    "searchCountries": "Buscar países...",
+    "loadFailed": "Error al cargar los países",
+    "selectCountryFirst": "Selecciona primero un país",
+    "loadingRegions": "Cargando regiones...",
+    "noRegions": "No hay regiones disponibles",
+    "selectRegion": "Selecciona región",
+    "searchRegions": "Buscar regiones...",
+    "loadingCities": "Cargando ciudades...",
+    "noCities": "No hay ciudades disponibles",
+    "selectCity": "Selecciona ciudad",
+    "searchCities": "Buscar ciudades...",
+    "loadingIsps": "Cargando ISP...",
+    "noIsps": "No hay ISP disponibles",
+    "selectIsp": "Selecciona ISP",
+    "searchIsps": "Buscar ISP...",
+    "createSuccess": "Proxy de ubicación creado",
+    "createFailed": "Error al crear el proxy de ubicación",
+    "creatingButton": "Creando...",
+    "createButton": "Crear"
+  },
+  "launchOnLogin": {
+    "title": "¿Activar inicio al iniciar sesión?",
+    "description": "Ejecutarse en segundo plano ayuda a mantener vivos los proxies y navegadores.",
+    "declineButton": "No volver a preguntar",
+    "declining": "...",
+    "enableButton": "Activar",
+    "enableSuccess": "Inicio al iniciar sesión activado",
+    "enableFailed": "Error al activar el inicio al iniciar sesión",
+    "declineFailed": "Error al guardar la preferencia",
+    "tryAgain": "Por favor, inténtalo de nuevo"
+  },
+  "wayfernTerms": {
+    "title": "Términos y condiciones de Wayfern",
+    "description": "Antes de usar Donut Browser, debes leer y aceptar los Términos y Condiciones de Wayfern.",
+    "reviewLabel": "Por favor, revisa los Términos y Condiciones en:",
+    "agreeNotice": "Al hacer clic en \"Acepto\", aceptas estos términos.",
+    "acceptButton": "Acepto",
+    "acceptSuccess": "Términos aceptados correctamente",
+    "acceptFailed": "Error al aceptar los términos",
+    "tryAgain": "Por favor, inténtalo de nuevo"
+  },
+  "commercialTrial": {
+    "title": "Periodo de prueba comercial expirado",
+    "description": "Tu periodo de prueba comercial de 2 semanas ha terminado.",
+    "body": "Si usas Donut Browser con fines comerciales, debes adquirir una licencia comercial para continuar. Puedes seguir usándolo de forma personal gratis.",
+    "understandButton": "Entendido",
+    "failed": "Error al guardar el reconocimiento",
+    "tryAgain": "Por favor, inténtalo de nuevo"
+  },
+  "permissionDialog": {
+    "titleMicrophone": "Se requiere acceso al micrófono",
+    "titleCamera": "Se requiere acceso a la cámara",
+    "descMicrophone": "Donut Browser necesita acceso a tu micrófono para activar la funcionalidad de micrófono en los navegadores. Cada sitio web que quiera usar tu micrófono te lo pedirá individualmente.",
+    "descCamera": "Donut Browser necesita acceso a tu cámara para activar la funcionalidad de cámara en los navegadores. Cada sitio web que quiera usar tu cámara te lo pedirá individualmente.",
+    "grantedMicrophone": "¡Permiso concedido! Los navegadores lanzados desde Donut Browser ya pueden acceder a tu micrófono.",
+    "grantedCamera": "¡Permiso concedido! Los navegadores lanzados desde Donut Browser ya pueden acceder a tu cámara.",
+    "notGrantedMicrophone": "Permiso no concedido. Haz clic en el botón para solicitar acceso a tu micrófono.",
+    "notGrantedCamera": "Permiso no concedido. Haz clic en el botón para solicitar acceso a tu cámara.",
+    "doneButton": "Hecho",
+    "cancelButton": "Cancelar",
+    "grantAccessButton": "Conceder acceso",
+    "requestSuccessMicrophone": "Acceso al micrófono solicitado",
+    "requestSuccessCamera": "Acceso a la cámara solicitado",
+    "requestFailed": "Error al solicitar el permiso"
+  },
+  "traffic": {
+    "title": "Detalles de tráfico",
+    "bandwidthOverTime": "Ancho de banda en el tiempo",
+    "timePeriodPlaceholder": "Periodo",
+    "last1m": "Último 1 min",
+    "last5m": "Últimos 5 min",
+    "last30m": "Últimos 30 min",
+    "last1h": "Última 1 hora",
+    "last2h": "Últimas 2 horas",
+    "last4h": "Últimas 4 horas",
+    "last1d": "Último día",
+    "last7d": "Últimos 7 días",
+    "last30d": "Últimos 30 días",
+    "allTime": "Todo el tiempo",
+    "allTimeShort": "todo el tiempo",
+    "totalSuffix": "total",
+    "sentLabel": "Enviado ({{period}})",
+    "receivedLabel": "Recibido ({{period}})",
+    "requestsLabel": "Solicitudes ({{period}})",
+    "allTimeTraffic": "Tráfico total:",
+    "allTimeRequests": "Solicitudes totales:",
+    "proxyDisclaimer": "Nota: Si usas un proxy, VPN o servicio similar, tu proveedor podría calcular el tráfico de forma diferente debido a la sobrecarga de cifrado y diferencias de protocolo.",
+    "topByTraffic": "Principales dominios por tráfico ({{period}})",
+    "topByRequests": "Principales dominios por solicitudes ({{period}})",
+    "columnDomain": "Dominio",
+    "columnRequests": "Solicitudes",
+    "columnSent": "Enviado",
+    "columnReceived": "Recibido",
+    "columnTotal": "Tráfico total",
+    "uniqueIps": "IPs únicas ({{count}})",
+    "noData": "No hay datos de tráfico disponibles para este perfil.",
+    "noDataHint": "Los datos de tráfico aparecerán cuando lances el perfil.",
+    "sentLegend": "Enviado",
+    "receivedLegend": "Recibido",
+    "tooltipSent": "↑ Enviado: ",
+    "tooltipReceived": "↓ Recibido: "
+  },
+  "camoufoxDialog": {
+    "titleView": "Ver configuración de huella - {{name}} ({{browser}})",
+    "titleConfigure": "Configurar huella - {{name}} ({{browser}})",
+    "invalidFingerprint": "Configuración de huella inválida",
+    "invalidFingerprintDescription": "La configuración de huella contiene JSON inválido. Revisa la configuración avanzada.",
+    "saveFailed": "Error al guardar la configuración",
+    "unknownError": "Ocurrió un error desconocido"
+  },
+  "proxyCheck": {
+    "unknownLocation": "Desconocido",
+    "locationToast": "La ubicación de tu proxy es:",
+    "failed": "Falló la verificación del proxy: {{error}}",
+    "tooltipChecking": "Comprobando proxy...",
+    "tooltipIp": "IP: {{ip}}",
+    "tooltipChecked": "Comprobado {{time}}",
+    "tooltipFailed": "Fallo {{time}}",
+    "tooltipFailedTitle": "Falló la verificación del proxy",
+    "tooltipDefault": "Comprobar validez del proxy"
+  },
+  "vpnCheck": {
+    "valid": "La configuración de VPN \"{{name}}\" es válida",
+    "invalid": "La configuración de VPN \"{{name}}\" no es válida",
+    "failed": "Falló la verificación de la VPN: {{error}}",
+    "tooltipChecking": "Comprobando configuración de VPN...",
+    "tooltipValid": "Configuración válida",
+    "tooltipInvalid": "Configuración inválida",
+    "tooltipChecked": "Comprobado {{time}}",
+    "tooltipDefault": "Comprobar validez de la configuración de VPN"
+  },
+  "profileTable": {
+    "syncTooltipDisabled": "Sincronización desactivada",
+    "syncTooltipSyncing": "Sincronizando...",
+    "syncTooltipSyncedAt": "Sincronizado {{time}}",
+    "syncTooltipSynced": "Sincronizado",
+    "syncTooltipWaiting": "Esperando para sincronizar",
+    "syncTooltipErrorWith": "Error de sincronización: {{error}}",
+    "syncTooltipError": "Error de sincronización",
+    "syncTooltipNotSynced": "No sincronizado",
+    "noTags": "Sin etiquetas",
+    "syncTooltipCloseToSync": "Cierra el perfil para sincronizar",
+    "syncTooltipDisabledWithLast": "Sincronización desactivada, última sincronización {{time}}",
+    "addTagsPlaceholder": "Añadir etiquetas",
+    "tagsHeader": "Etiquetas",
+    "noteHeader": "Nota",
+    "vpnsHeading": "VPN",
+    "createByCountryHeading": "Crear por país"
+  },
+  "releaseTypeSelector": {
+    "noReleaseTypes": "No hay tipos de versión disponibles.",
+    "placeholder": "Selecciona el tipo de versión...",
+    "stable": "Estable",
+    "nightly": "Nightly",
+    "downloaded": "Descargado",
+    "downloadBrowser": "Descargar navegador",
+    "downloading": "Descargando..."
+  },
+  "dataTableActionBar": {
+    "selected": "{{count}} seleccionados",
+    "clearSelection": "Limpiar selección"
+  },
+  "appUpdate": {
+    "toast": {
+      "updateFailed": "Error al actualizar Donut Browser",
+      "restartFailed": "Error al reiniciar",
+      "updateReady": "Actualización lista, reinicia para aplicar",
+      "manualDownloadRequired": "Descarga manual requerida",
+      "restartNow": "Reiniciar ahora",
+      "viewRelease": "Ver lanzamiento",
+      "later": "Más tarde",
+      "uploading": "Subiendo",
+      "downloading": "Descargando"
+    }
+  },
+  "browserDownload": {
+    "toast": {
+      "fetchVersionsFailed": "Error al obtener las versiones de {{browser}}",
+      "foundNewVersions": "¡Se encontraron {{count}} nuevas versiones de {{browser}}!",
+      "totalAvailableVersions": "Total disponible: {{count}} versiones",
+      "downloadFailed": "Error al descargar {{browser}} {{version}}",
+      "calculating": "calculando...",
+      "extractionFailed": "{{browser}} {{version}}: error de extracción",
+      "extractionFailedDescription": "El archivo dañado fue eliminado. Se volverá a descargar en el próximo intento.",
+      "extracting": "Extrayendo archivos del navegador... No cierre la aplicación.",
+      "verifying": "Verificando archivos del navegador...",
+      "downloadingRolling": "Descargando compilación rolling release..."
+    }
+  },
+  "versionUpdater": {
+    "toast": {
+      "alreadyAvailable": "{{browser}} {{version}} ya disponible",
+      "updatingProfiles": "Actualizando configuraciones de perfil...",
+      "updateCompleted": "Actualización de {{browser}} completada",
+      "singleProfileUpdated": "El perfil \"{{name}}\" se ha actualizado a la versión {{version}}. Ya puedes iniciar tus navegadores con la última versión.",
+      "multipleProfilesUpdated": "Se han actualizado {{count}} perfiles a la versión {{version}}. Ya puedes iniciar tus navegadores con la última versión.",
+      "versionAvailable": "La versión {{version}} ya está disponible. Los perfiles en ejecución usarán la nueva versión al reiniciarse.",
+      "autoUpdateFailed": "Error al auto-actualizar {{browser}}",
+      "updateWithErrors": "Actualización completada con algunos errores",
+      "updateWithErrorsDescription": "Se encontraron {{newVersions}} nuevas versiones, {{failedUpdates}} navegadores no se pudieron actualizar",
+      "updateSuccess": "Versiones del navegador actualizadas correctamente",
+      "updateSuccessDescription": "Se encontraron {{newVersions}} nuevas versiones en {{successfulUpdates}} navegadores. Las descargas automáticas comenzarán pronto.",
+      "upToDate": "No se encontraron nuevas versiones del navegador",
+      "upToDateDescription": "Todas las versiones del navegador están actualizadas",
+      "updateAllFailed": "Error al actualizar las versiones del navegador"
+    }
  }
 }
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More