Deduplicate AndroidQF SMS analysis

* Validate iOS backup path before checks

* Fix iOS backup path mypy typing

* Fix custom module test backup fixture

docs/android/methodology.md

@@ -38,6 +38,22 @@ By separating artifact collection from forensic analysis, this approach ensures
 
 For more information, refer to the [AndroidQF project documentation](https://github.com/mvt-project/androidqf).
 
+### VirusTotal package lookups
+
+AndroidQF records APK file hashes in `packages.json`. MVT can optionally look up non-system APK hashes on VirusTotal while checking an AndroidQF acquisition:
+
+```bash
+MVT_VT_API_KEY=<key> mvt-android check-androidqf --virustotal /path/to/androidqf-output
+```
+
+The `--virustotal` option is disabled by default because it sends APK hashes to VirusTotal and requires network access. It uses the `VT_API_KEY` MVT configuration value, which can also be provided through the `MVT_VT_API_KEY` environment variable.
+
+To avoid exhausting free VirusTotal API quotas, MVT waits 16 seconds between package hash requests by default. Use `--delay` to change the delay, or `--delay 0` to disable throttling:
+
+```bash
+mvt-android check-androidqf --virustotal --delay 30 /path/to/androidqf-output
+```
+
 ## Android Intrusion Logs
 
 On devices where the user has opted into Android's [**Advanced Protection Mode**](https://support.google.com/android/answer/16339980) and turned on the optional Intrusion Logging featrue, Android can create and archive structured *Intrusion Logs* in an encrypted format. These logs record DNS queries, outbound network connections, process starts, ADB activity and other security-relevant events, and are a high-fidelity complement to the rest of an AndroidQF acquisition. The logs are generated on-device and encrypted before being stored in the Google account associated with the device. The encryption key is protected by the user device PIN. The intrusion log data is not accessible to Google.

src/mvt/android/cli.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from mvt.common.help import (
     HELP_MSG_CHECK_BUGREPORT,
     HELP_MSG_CHECK_IOCS,
     HELP_MSG_CHECK_INTRUSION_LOGS,
+    HELP_MSG_DELAY_CHECKS,
     HELP_MSG_COMPLETION,
     HELP_MSG_DISABLE_INDICATOR_UPDATE_CHECK,
     HELP_MSG_DISABLE_UPDATE_CHECK,
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ from mvt.common.help import (
     HELP_MSG_STIX2,
     HELP_MSG_VERBOSE,
     HELP_MSG_VERSION,
+    HELP_MSG_VIRUS_TOTAL,
 )
 from mvt.common.logo import logo
 from mvt.common.module_loader import CustomModuleLoadError, load_custom_modules
@@ -310,6 +312,10 @@ def check_backup(
     help=HELP_MSG_LOAD_MODULE,
 )
 @click.option("--hashes", "-H", is_flag=True, help=HELP_MSG_HASHES)
+@click.option("--virustotal", "-V", is_flag=True, help=HELP_MSG_VIRUS_TOTAL)
+@click.option(
+    "--delay", "-d", type=click.IntRange(min=0), default=16, help=HELP_MSG_DELAY_CHECKS
+)
 @click.option("--non-interactive", "-n", is_flag=True, help=HELP_MSG_NONINTERACTIVE)
 @click.option("--backup-password", "-p", help=HELP_MSG_ANDROID_BACKUP_PASSWORD)
 @click.option("--verbose", "-v", is_flag=True, help=HELP_MSG_VERBOSE)
@@ -323,6 +329,8 @@ def check_androidqf(
     module,
     load_module,
     hashes,
+    virustotal,
+    delay,
     non_interactive,
     backup_password,
     verbose,
@@ -340,6 +348,8 @@ def check_androidqf(
         module_options={
             "interactive": not non_interactive,
             "backup_password": cli_load_android_backup_password(log, backup_password),
+            "virustotal": virustotal,
+            "virustotal_delay": delay,
         },
         disable_version_check=_get_disable_flags(ctx)[0],
         disable_indicator_check=_get_disable_flags(ctx)[1],

src/mvt/android/modules/androidqf/__init__.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ from .aqf_processes import AQFProcesses
 from .aqf_settings import AQFSettings
 from .mounts import Mounts
 from .root_binaries import RootBinaries
-from .sms import SMS
 
 ANDROIDQF_MODULES = [
     AQFPackages,
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@ ANDROIDQF_MODULES = [
     AQFGetProp,
     AQFSettings,
     AQFFiles,
-    SMS,
     RootBinaries,
     Mounts,
 ]

src/mvt/android/modules/androidqf/aqf_packages.py

@@ -5,8 +5,11 @@
 
 import json
 import logging
+import time
 from typing import Optional
 
+from rich.progress import track
+
 from mvt.android.utils import (
     BROWSER_INSTALLERS,
     PLAY_STORE_INSTALLERS,
@@ -15,7 +18,8 @@ from mvt.android.utils import (
     SYSTEM_UPDATE_PACKAGES,
     THIRD_PARTY_STORE_INSTALLERS,
 )
-from mvt.common.module_types import ModuleResults
+from mvt.common.module_types import ModuleAtomicResult, ModuleResults
+from mvt.common.virustotal import VTNoKey, VTQuotaExceeded, virustotal_lookup
 
 from .base import AndroidQFModule
 
@@ -125,6 +129,65 @@ class AQFPackages(AndroidQFModule):
                         )
                         break
 
+        if self.module_options.get("virustotal", False):
+            self.check_virustotal(
+                delay=self.module_options.get("virustotal_delay", 0)
+            )
+
+    def check_virustotal(self, delay: int = 0) -> None:
+        files_by_hash: dict[
+            str, list[tuple[ModuleAtomicResult, ModuleAtomicResult]]
+        ] = {}
+        for package in self.results:
+            if package.get("system", False):
+                continue
+
+            for package_file in package.get("files", []):
+                file_hash = package_file.get("sha256")
+                if not file_hash:
+                    continue
+
+                files_by_hash.setdefault(file_hash, []).append((package, package_file))
+
+        total_hashes = len(files_by_hash)
+        if total_hashes == 0:
+            return
+
+        progress_desc = f"Looking up {total_hashes} package files on VirusTotal..."
+        for index, file_hash in enumerate(
+            track(files_by_hash, description=progress_desc)
+        ):
+            try:
+                results = virustotal_lookup(file_hash)
+            except VTNoKey as exc:
+                self.log.warning("%s", exc)
+                return
+            except VTQuotaExceeded as exc:
+                self.log.warning("Unable to continue VirusTotal lookups: %s", exc)
+                break
+
+            if index < total_hashes - 1 and delay > 0:
+                time.sleep(delay)
+
+            if not results:
+                continue
+
+            attributes = results.get("attributes", {})
+            stats = attributes.get("last_analysis_stats", {})
+            positives = stats.get("malicious", 0)
+            total = len(attributes.get("last_analysis_results", {}))
+            detection = f"{positives}/{total}"
+
+            for package, package_file in files_by_hash[file_hash]:
+                package_file["virustotal"] = detection
+                if positives > 0:
+                    self.alertstore.high(
+                        f'VirusTotal flagged package "{package["name"]}" file '
+                        f'"{package_file["path"]}" with {detection} detections',
+                        "",
+                        package,
+                    )
+
     def run(self) -> None:
         packages = self._get_files_by_pattern("*/packages.json")
         if not packages:

src/mvt/android/modules/androidqf/sms.py

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-# Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT)
-# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 The MVT Authors.
-# Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
-#   https://license.mvt.re/1.1
-
-import logging
-from typing import Optional
-
-from mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers import prompt_or_load_android_backup_password
-from mvt.android.parsers.backup import (
-    AndroidBackupParsingError,
-    InvalidBackupPassword,
-    parse_ab_header,
-    parse_backup_file,
-    parse_tar_for_sms,
-)
-
-from .base import AndroidQFModule
-
-
-class SMS(AndroidQFModule):
-    """
-    This module analyse SMS file in backup
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        file_path: Optional[str] = None,
-        target_path: Optional[str] = None,
-        results_path: Optional[str] = None,
-        module_options: Optional[dict] = None,
-        log: logging.Logger = logging.getLogger(__name__),
-        results: Optional[list] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        super().__init__(
-            file_path=file_path,
-            target_path=target_path,
-            results_path=results_path,
-            module_options=module_options,
-            log=log,
-            results=results,
-        )
-
-    def check_indicators(self) -> None:
-        if not self.indicators:
-            return
-
-        for message in self.results:
-            if "body" not in message:
-                continue
-
-            ioc_match = self.indicators.check_domains(message.get("links", []))
-            if ioc_match:
-                self.alertstore.critical(
-                    ioc_match.message, "", message, matched_indicator=ioc_match.ioc
-                )
-
-    def parse_backup(self, data):
-        header = parse_ab_header(data)
-        if not header["backup"]:
-            self.log.warning("Invalid backup format, backup.ab was not analysed")
-            return
-
-        password = None
-        if header["encryption"] != "none":
-            password = prompt_or_load_android_backup_password(
-                self.log, self.module_options
-            )
-            if not password:
-                self.log.critical("No backup password provided.")
-                return
-
-        try:
-            tardata = parse_backup_file(data, password=password)
-        except InvalidBackupPassword:
-            self.log.critical("Invalid backup password")
-            return
-        except AndroidBackupParsingError:
-            self.log.warning(
-                "Impossible to parse this backup file, please use"
-                " Android Backup Extractor instead"
-            )
-            return
-
-        if not tardata:
-            return
-
-        try:
-            self.results = parse_tar_for_sms(tardata)
-        except AndroidBackupParsingError:
-            self.log.info(
-                "Impossible to read SMS from the Android Backup, "
-                "please extract the SMS and try extracting it with "
-                "Android Backup Extractor"
-            )
-            return
-
-    def run(self) -> None:
-        files = self._get_files_by_pattern("*/backup.ab")
-        if not files:
-            self.log.info("No backup data found")
-            return
-
-        self.parse_backup(self._get_file_content(files[0]))
-        self.log.info("Identified %d SMS in backup data", len(self.results))

src/mvt/android/modules/backup/helpers.py

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@
 #   https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
 
 
-from rich.prompt import Prompt
-
 from mvt.common.config import settings
+from mvt.common.password import prompt_password
 
 MVT_ANDROID_BACKUP_PASSWORD = "MVT_ANDROID_BACKUP_PASSWORD"
 
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ def prompt_or_load_android_backup_password(log, module_options):
 
     # The default is to allow interactivity
     elif module_options.get("interactive", True):
-        backup_password = Prompt.ask(prompt="Enter backup password", password=True)
+        backup_password = prompt_password("Enter backup password: ")
     else:
         log.critical(
             "Cannot decrypt backup because interactivity"

src/mvt/android/modules/bugreport/dumpsys_receivers.py

@@ -35,24 +35,6 @@ class DumpsysReceivers(DumpsysReceiversArtifact, BugReportModule):
 
         self.results = results if results else {}
 
-    def check_indicators(self) -> None:
-        for result in self.results:
-            if self.indicators:
-                receiver_name = self.results[result][0]["receiver"]
-
-                # return IoC if the stix2 process name a substring of the receiver name
-                ioc_match = self.indicators.check_receiver_prefix(receiver_name)
-                if ioc_match:
-                    self.alertstore.critical(
-                        ioc_match.message,
-                        "",
-                        self.results[result][0],
-                        matched_indicator=ioc_match.ioc,
-                    )
-                    continue
-
-
-
     def run(self) -> None:
         content = self._get_dumpstate_file()
         if not content:

src/mvt/android/modules/intrusion_logs/security_event.py

@@ -270,6 +270,11 @@ SECURITY_EVENT_METADATA_KEYS = {
     "timestamp",
 }
 
+# Known platform failures that remain in the timeline but do not need a warning.
+KNOWN_BENIGN_KEY_GENERATION_FAILURES = {
+    ("PinStorage_crossReboot_key", 1001),
+}
+
 
 class SecurityEvent(IntrusionLogsModule):
     """This module analyzes security events from intrusion logs."""
@@ -400,10 +405,17 @@ class SecurityEvent(IntrusionLogsModule):
         independent of any loaded indicators."""
         # Flag failed cryptographic operations as potentially suspicious
         if "key_generated" in result:
-            if not result["key_generated"].get("success", True):
+            key_info = result["key_generated"]
+            key_id = key_info.get("key_id", "unknown")
+            uid = key_info.get("uid")
+            is_known_benign_failure = (
+                key_id,
+                uid,
+            ) in KNOWN_BENIGN_KEY_GENERATION_FAILURES
+            if not key_info.get("success", True) and not is_known_benign_failure:
                 self.log.warning(
                     "Failed key generation detected for key_id: %s",
-                    result["key_generated"].get("key_id", "unknown"),
+                    key_id,
                 )
 
         # Flag certificate validation failures

src/mvt/common/help.py

@@ -53,3 +53,5 @@ HELP_MSG_CHECK_BUGREPORT = "Check an Android Bug Report"
 HELP_MSG_CHECK_ANDROID_BACKUP = "Check an Android Backup"
 HELP_MSG_CHECK_ANDROIDQF = "Check data collected with AndroidQF"
 HELP_MSG_CHECK_INTRUSION_LOGS = "Check Android Intrusion Logging files"
+HELP_MSG_VIRUS_TOTAL = "Check package APK hashes on VirusTotal"
+HELP_MSG_DELAY_CHECKS = "Delay in seconds between VirusTotal requests"

src/mvt/common/indicators.py

@@ -727,29 +727,6 @@ class Indicators:
 
         return None
 
-    def check_receiver_prefix(
-        self, receiver_name: str
-    ) -> Optional[IndicatorMatch]:
-        """Check the provided receiver name against the list of indicators.
-        An IoC match is detected when a substring of the receiver matches the indicator.
-
-        :param receiver_name: Receiver name to check against app ID indicators
-        :type receiver_name: str
-        :returns: IndicatorMatch if matched, otherwise None
-
-        """
-        if not receiver_name:
-            return None
-
-        for ioc in self.get_iocs("app_ids"):
-            if ioc.value.lower() in receiver_name.lower():
-                return IndicatorMatch(
-                    ioc=ioc,
-                    message=f'Found a known suspicious receiver with name "{receiver_name}" matching indicators from "{ioc.name}"',
-                )
-
-        return None
-
     def check_android_property_name(
         self, property_name: str
     ) -> Optional[IndicatorMatch]:

src/mvt/common/password.py

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+# Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT)
+# Copyright (c) 2026 The MVT Authors.
+# Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
+# https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
+
+"""Password prompts with masked keyboard feedback.
+
+This is based on the ``echo_char`` support added to :mod:`getpass` in Python
+3.14. MVT supports Python 3.10 and later, so it cannot use that API directly.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import io
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+from typing import TextIO
+
+
+def prompt_password(prompt: str) -> str:
+    """Return a password while displaying an asterisk for each character."""
+    try:
+        import termios
+
+        return _unix_getpass(prompt, termios)
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            import msvcrt
+
+            return _windows_getpass(prompt, msvcrt)
+        except ImportError:
+            return _fallback_getpass(prompt)
+
+
+def _unix_getpass(prompt: str, termios) -> str:
+    password = None
+    input_stream: TextIO
+    output_stream: TextIO
+    with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
+        try:
+            fd = os.open("/dev/tty", os.O_RDWR | os.O_NOCTTY)
+            tty = io.FileIO(fd, "w+")
+            stack.enter_context(tty)
+            input_stream = io.TextIOWrapper(tty)
+            stack.enter_context(input_stream)
+            output_stream = input_stream
+        except OSError:
+            stack.close()
+            try:
+                fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+                return _fallback_getpass(prompt)
+            input_stream = sys.stdin
+            output_stream = sys.stderr
+
+        try:
+            old = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+            new = old[:]
+            new[3] &= ~termios.ECHO
+            new[3] &= ~termios.ICANON
+            try:
+                termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, new)
+                password = _readline_with_asterisks(output_stream, input_stream, prompt)
+            finally:
+                termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, old)
+                output_stream.flush()
+        except termios.error:
+            if password is not None:
+                raise
+            password = _fallback_getpass(prompt)
+
+        output_stream.write("\n")
+        return password
+
+
+def _windows_getpass(prompt: str, msvcrt) -> str:
+    if sys.stdin is not sys.__stdin__:
+        return _fallback_getpass(prompt)
+
+    for char in prompt:
+        msvcrt.putwch(char)
+
+    password = ""
+    while True:
+        char = msvcrt.getwch()
+        if char in ("\r", "\n"):
+            break
+        if char == "\x03":
+            raise KeyboardInterrupt
+        if char == "\b":
+            if password:
+                msvcrt.putwch("\b")
+                msvcrt.putwch(" ")
+                msvcrt.putwch("\b")
+            password = password[:-1]
+        else:
+            password += char
+            msvcrt.putwch("*")
+
+    msvcrt.putwch("\r")
+    msvcrt.putwch("\n")
+    return password
+
+
+def _fallback_getpass(prompt: str) -> str:
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Can not control echo on the terminal.",
+        category=UserWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    print("Warning: Password input may be echoed.", file=sys.stderr)
+    return input(prompt)
+
+
+def _readline_with_asterisks(
+    output_stream: TextIO, input_stream: TextIO, prompt: str
+) -> str:
+    output_stream.write(prompt)
+    output_stream.flush()
+
+    password = ""
+    eof_pressed = False
+    while True:
+        char = input_stream.read(1)
+        if char in ("\n", "\r"):
+            break
+        if char == "\x03":
+            raise KeyboardInterrupt
+        if char in ("\x7f", "\b"):
+            if password:
+                output_stream.write("\b \b")
+                output_stream.flush()
+            password = password[:-1]
+        elif char == "\x04":
+            if eof_pressed:
+                break
+            eof_pressed = True
+        elif char != "\x00":
+            password += char
+            output_stream.write("*")
+            output_stream.flush()
+            eof_pressed = False
+    return password

src/mvt/common/virustotal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT)
+# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 The MVT Authors.
+# Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
+#   https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+import requests
+
+from .config import settings
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class VTNoKey(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class VTQuotaExceeded(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def virustotal_lookup(file_hash: str) -> Optional[dict[str, Any]]:
+    if not settings.VT_API_KEY:
+        raise VTNoKey(
+            "No VirusTotal API key provided: to use VirusTotal lookups please set "
+            "MVT_VT_API_KEY or VT_API_KEY in the MVT configuration file"
+        )
+
+    headers = {
+        "User-Agent": "VirusTotal",
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        "x-apikey": settings.VT_API_KEY,
+    }
+    res = requests.get(
+        f"https://www.virustotal.com/api/v3/files/{file_hash}",
+        headers=headers,
+        timeout=settings.NETWORK_TIMEOUT,
+    )
+
+    if res.status_code == 200:
+        report = res.json()
+        return report["data"]
+
+    if res.status_code == 404:
+        log.info("Could not find results for file with hash %s", file_hash)
+    elif res.status_code == 429:
+        raise VTQuotaExceeded("You have exceeded the quota for your VirusTotal API key")
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"Unexpected response from VirusTotal: {res.status_code}")
+
+    return None

src/mvt/ios/cli.py

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ import logging
 import os
 
 import click
-from rich.prompt import Prompt
-
 from mvt.common.cmd_check_iocs import CmdCheckIOCS
 from mvt.common.completion import (
     SUPPORTED_SHELLS,
@@ -49,6 +47,7 @@ from mvt.common.help import (
     HELP_MSG_COMPLETION,
 )
 from mvt.common.module_loader import CustomModuleLoadError, load_custom_modules
+from mvt.common.password import prompt_password
 from .cmd_check_backup import CmdIOSCheckBackup
 from .cmd_check_fs import CmdIOSCheckFS
 from .decrypt import DecryptBackup
@@ -201,7 +200,7 @@ def decrypt_backup(ctx, destination, password, key_file, hashes, backup_path):
         log.info("Using password from %s environment variable", MVT_IOS_BACKUP_PASSWORD)
         backup.decrypt_with_password(os.environ[MVT_IOS_BACKUP_PASSWORD])
     else:
-        sekrit = Prompt.ask("Enter backup password", password=True)
+        sekrit = prompt_password("Enter backup password: ")
         backup.decrypt_with_password(sekrit)
 
     if not backup.can_process():
@@ -253,7 +252,7 @@ def extract_key(password, key_file, backup_path):
         log.info("Using password from %s environment variable", MVT_IOS_BACKUP_PASSWORD)
         password = os.environ[MVT_IOS_BACKUP_PASSWORD]
     else:
-        password = Prompt.ask("Enter backup password", password=True)
+        password = prompt_password("Enter backup password: ")
 
     backup.decrypt_with_password(password)
     backup.get_key()
@@ -323,7 +322,10 @@ def check_backup(
         cmd.list_modules()
         return
 
-    log.info("Checking iTunes backup located at: %s", backup_path)
+    if not cmd.resolve_backup_path():
+        ctx.exit(1)
+
+    log.info("Checking iTunes backup located at: %s", cmd.target_path)
 
     cmd.run()
     cmd.show_alerts_brief()

src/mvt/ios/cmd_check_backup.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #   https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
 
 import logging
+import os
 from typing import Optional
 
 from mvt.common.command import Command
@@ -16,6 +17,12 @@ from .modules.mixed import MIXED_MODULES
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def is_ios_backup_folder(path: str) -> bool:
+    return os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, "Manifest.db")) and os.path.isfile(
+        os.path.join(path, "Info.plist")
+    )
+
+
 class CmdIOSCheckBackup(Command):
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -52,5 +59,46 @@ class CmdIOSCheckBackup(Command):
         self.name = "check-backup"
         self.modules = BACKUP_MODULES + MIXED_MODULES
 
+    def resolve_backup_path(self) -> bool:
+        target_path = getattr(self, "target_path", None)
+        if not isinstance(target_path, str) or not target_path:
+            return False
+
+        if is_ios_backup_folder(target_path):
+            return True
+
+        if not os.path.isdir(target_path):
+            self.log.critical(
+                "%s does not appear to be an iTunes backup folder. "
+                "Expected Manifest.db and Info.plist.",
+                target_path,
+            )
+            return False
+
+        candidates = []
+        for entry_name in sorted(os.listdir(target_path)):
+            entry_path = os.path.join(target_path, entry_name)
+            if os.path.isdir(entry_path) and is_ios_backup_folder(entry_path):
+                candidates.append(entry_path)
+
+        if len(candidates) == 1:
+            self.log.info("Found iTunes backup in subfolder: %s", candidates[0])
+            self.target_path = candidates[0]
+            return True
+
+        if candidates:
+            self.log.critical(
+                "Found multiple iTunes backups in %s. Please specify one backup folder.",
+                target_path,
+            )
+            return False
+
+        self.log.critical(
+            "%s does not appear to be an iTunes backup folder. "
+            "Expected Manifest.db and Info.plist.",
+            target_path,
+        )
+        return False
+
     def module_init(self, module):
         module.is_backup = True

src/mvt/ios/modules/fs/shutdownlog.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
+from mvt.common.module import DatabaseNotFoundError
 from mvt.common.module_types import (
     ModuleAtomicResult,
     ModuleResults,
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ from ..base import IOSExtraction
 
 SHUTDOWN_LOG_PATH = [
     "private/var/db/diagnostics/shutdown.log",
+    "private/var/db/diagnostics/shutdown.*.log",
 ]
 
 
@@ -132,10 +134,17 @@ class ShutdownLog(IOSExtraction):
         self.results = sorted(self.results, key=lambda entry: entry["isodate"])
 
     def run(self) -> None:
-        self._find_ios_database(root_paths=SHUTDOWN_LOG_PATH)
-        self.log.info("Found shutdown log at path: %s", self.file_path)
+        if self.file_path:
+            shutdown_log_paths = [self.file_path]
+        else:
+            shutdown_log_paths = sorted(
+                self._get_fs_files_from_patterns(SHUTDOWN_LOG_PATH)
+            )
 
-        if not self.file_path:
-            return
-        with open(self.file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-            self.process_shutdownlog(handle.read())
+        if not shutdown_log_paths:
+            raise DatabaseNotFoundError("unable to find any shutdown log files")
+
+        for shutdown_log_path in shutdown_log_paths:
+            self.log.info("Found shutdown log at path: %s", shutdown_log_path)
+            with open(shutdown_log_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                self.process_shutdownlog(handle.read())

tests/android/test_intrusion_logs.py

@@ -215,6 +215,52 @@ def _run_security_heuristics(results):
     return module.alertstore.alerts
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("success", [False, 0])
+def test_known_pinstorage_key_generation_failure_does_not_warn(success, caplog):
+    record = {
+        "timestamp": "2026-06-17 15:31:02.014",
+        "key_generated": {
+            "success": success,
+            "key_id": "PinStorage_crossReboot_key",
+            "uid": 1001,
+        },
+    }
+
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING):
+        _run_security_heuristics([record])
+
+    assert "Failed key generation detected" not in caplog.text
+
+    timeline_event = SecurityEvent().serialize(record)
+    assert timeline_event["event"] == "key_generated"
+    assert "Key generation failed: PinStorage_crossReboot_key" in timeline_event["data"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("key_id", "uid"),
+    [
+        ("PinStorage_crossReboot_key", 10_000),
+        ("another_key", 1001),
+    ],
+)
+def test_other_key_generation_failures_still_warn(key_id, uid, caplog):
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING):
+        _run_security_heuristics(
+            [
+                {
+                    "timestamp": "2026-06-17 15:31:02.014",
+                    "key_generated": {
+                        "success": False,
+                        "key_id": key_id,
+                        "uid": uid,
+                    },
+                }
+            ]
+        )
+
+    assert f"Failed key generation detected for key_id: {key_id}" in caplog.text
+
+
 def test_cert_authority_installed_raises_medium_alert_without_indicators():
     alerts = _run_security_heuristics(
         [

tests/android_androidqf/test_packages.py

@@ -7,8 +7,11 @@ import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
+from click.testing import CliRunner
 
+from mvt.android.cli import check_androidqf
 from mvt.android.modules.androidqf.aqf_packages import AQFPackages
+from mvt.android.modules.androidqf import aqf_packages as aqf_packages_module
 from mvt.common.module import run_module
 
 from ..utils import get_android_androidqf, list_files
@@ -132,3 +135,55 @@ class TestAndroidqfPackages:
             possible_detected_app[0].matched_indicator.value
             == "c7e56178748be1441370416d4c10e34817ea0c961eb636c8e9d98e0fd79bf730"
         )
+
+    def test_virustotal_delays_after_missing_result(self, monkeypatch):
+        lookups = []
+        sleeps = []
+
+        def fake_virustotal_lookup(file_hash):
+            lookups.append(file_hash)
+            if file_hash == "missing_hash":
+                return None
+            return {
+                "attributes": {
+                    "last_analysis_stats": {"malicious": 1},
+                    "last_analysis_results": {"engine": {}},
+                }
+            }
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            aqf_packages_module, "virustotal_lookup", fake_virustotal_lookup
+        )
+        monkeypatch.setattr(aqf_packages_module.time, "sleep", sleeps.append)
+
+        module = AQFPackages(
+            module_options={"virustotal": True, "virustotal_delay": 16},
+            results=[
+                {
+                    "name": "org.example",
+                    "installer": "com.android.vending",
+                    "disabled": False,
+                    "system": False,
+                    "files": [
+                        {"path": "/data/app/missing.apk", "sha256": "missing_hash"},
+                        {"path": "/data/app/found.apk", "sha256": "found_hash"},
+                    ],
+                }
+            ],
+        )
+
+        module.check_indicators()
+
+        assert lookups == ["missing_hash", "found_hash"]
+        assert sleeps == [16]
+        assert module.results[0]["files"][1]["virustotal"] == "1/1"
+        assert len(module.alertstore.alerts) == 1
+
+
+def test_check_androidqf_rejects_negative_virustotal_delay(data_path):
+    runner = CliRunner()
+
+    result = runner.invoke(check_androidqf, ["--delay", "-1", data_path])
+
+    assert result.exit_code == 2
+    assert "Invalid value for '--delay'" in result.output

tests/android_androidqf/test_sms.py

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-# Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT)
-# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 The MVT Authors.
-# Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
-#   https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
-
-import logging
-import os
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from mvt.android.modules.androidqf.sms import SMS
-from mvt.common.module import run_module
-
-from ..utils import get_android_androidqf, get_artifact_folder, list_files
-
-TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD = "123456"
-
-
-class TestAndroidqfSMSAnalysis:
-    def test_androidqf_sms(self):
-        data_path = get_android_androidqf()
-        m = SMS(target_path=data_path, log=logging)
-        files = list_files(data_path)
-        parent_path = Path(data_path).absolute().parent.as_posix()
-        m.from_dir(parent_path, files)
-        run_module(m)
-        assert len(m.results) == 2
-        assert len(m.timeline) == 0
-        assert len(m.alertstore.alerts) == 0
-
-    def test_androidqf_sms_encrypted_password_valid(self):
-        data_path = os.path.join(get_artifact_folder(), "androidqf_encrypted")
-        m = SMS(
-            target_path=data_path,
-            log=logging,
-            module_options={"backup_password": TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD},
-        )
-        files = list_files(data_path)
-        parent_path = Path(data_path).absolute().parent.as_posix()
-        m.from_dir(parent_path, files)
-        run_module(m)
-        assert len(m.results) == 1
-
-    def test_androidqf_sms_encrypted_password_prompt(self, mocker):
-        data_path = os.path.join(get_artifact_folder(), "androidqf_encrypted")
-        prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
-        )
-        m = SMS(
-            target_path=data_path,
-            log=logging,
-            module_options={},
-        )
-        files = list_files(data_path)
-        parent_path = Path(data_path).absolute().parent.as_posix()
-        m.from_dir(parent_path, files)
-        run_module(m)
-        assert prompt_mock.call_count == 1
-        assert len(m.results) == 1
-
-    def test_androidqf_sms_encrypted_password_invalid(self, caplog):
-        data_path = os.path.join(get_artifact_folder(), "androidqf_encrypted")
-        with caplog.at_level(logging.CRITICAL):
-            m = SMS(
-                target_path=data_path,
-                log=logging,
-                module_options={"backup_password": "invalid_password"},
-            )
-            files = list_files(data_path)
-            parent_path = Path(data_path).absolute().parent.as_posix()
-            m.from_dir(parent_path, files)
-            run_module(m)
-        assert len(m.results) == 0
-        assert "Invalid backup password" in caplog.text
-
-    def test_androidqf_sms_encrypted_no_interactive(self, caplog):
-        data_path = os.path.join(get_artifact_folder(), "androidqf_encrypted")
-        with caplog.at_level(logging.CRITICAL):
-            m = SMS(
-                target_path=data_path,
-                log=logging,
-                module_options={"interactive": False},
-            )
-            files = list_files(data_path)
-            parent_path = Path(data_path).absolute().parent.as_posix()
-            m.from_dir(parent_path, files)
-            run_module(m)
-        assert len(m.results) == 0
-        assert (
-            "Cannot decrypt backup because interactivity was disabled and the password was not supplied"
-            in caplog.text
-        )

tests/android_bugreport/test_bugreport.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from mvt.android.modules.bugreport.dumpsys_appops import DumpsysAppops
 from mvt.android.modules.bugreport.dumpsys_getprop import DumpsysGetProp
 from mvt.android.modules.bugreport.dumpsys_packages import DumpsysPackages
+from mvt.android.modules.bugreport.dumpsys_receivers import DumpsysReceivers
 from mvt.android.modules.bugreport.tombstones import Tombstones
 from mvt.common.module import run_module
 
@@ -60,6 +61,31 @@ class TestBugreportAnalysis:
         m = self.launch_bug_report_module(DumpsysGetProp)
         assert len(m.results) == 0
 
+    def test_receivers_match_exact_package_name(self, indicators_factory):
+        intent = "android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE"
+        false_positive = {
+            "package_name": "com.android.phone",
+            "receiver": (
+                "com.android.phone/"
+                "com.android.services.telephony.sip.SipIncomingCallReceiver"
+            ),
+        }
+        malicious_receiver = {
+            "package_name": "com.android.services",
+            "receiver": "com.android.services/com.example.SomeReceiver",
+        }
+        module = DumpsysReceivers(
+            results={intent: [false_positive, malicious_receiver]}
+        )
+        module.indicators = indicators_factory(app_ids=["com.android.services"])
+
+        module.check_indicators()
+
+        assert len(module.alertstore.alerts) == 1
+        alert = module.alertstore.alerts[0]
+        assert alert.event == {intent: malicious_receiver}
+        assert alert.matched_indicator.value == "com.android.services"
+
     def test_tombstones_modules(self):
         m = self.launch_bug_report_module(Tombstones)
         assert len(m.results) == 2

tests/common/test_password.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT)
+# Copyright (c) 2026 The MVT Authors.
+# Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
+# https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
+
+from io import StringIO
+
+from mvt.common.password import _readline_with_asterisks
+
+
+def test_readline_with_asterisks():
+    output = StringIO()
+
+    password = _readline_with_asterisks(
+        output, StringIO("pass\x7fword\n"), "Enter backup password: "
+    )
+
+    assert password == "pasword"
+    assert output.getvalue() == "Enter backup password: ****\b \b****"
+
+
+def test_readline_with_asterisks_ignores_nul_and_handles_eof():
+    output = StringIO()
+
+    password = _readline_with_asterisks(output, StringIO("a\x00b\x04\x04"), "")
+
+    assert password == "ab"
+    assert output.getvalue() == "**"

tests/conftest.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ def indicators_factory(indicator_file):
         domains=[],
         emails=[],
         file_names=[],
+        file_paths=[],
         processes=[],
         app_ids=[],
         app_cert_hashes=[],
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ def indicators_factory(indicator_file):
         ind.ioc_collections[0]["domains"].extend(domains)
         ind.ioc_collections[0]["emails"].extend(emails)
         ind.ioc_collections[0]["file_names"].extend(file_names)
+        ind.ioc_collections[0]["file_paths"].extend(file_paths)
         ind.ioc_collections[0]["processes"].extend(processes)
         ind.ioc_collections[0]["app_ids"].extend(app_ids)
         ind.ioc_collections[0]["android_property_names"].extend(android_property_names)

tests/ios_fs/test_shutdownlog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# Mobile Verification Toolkit (MVT)
+# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 The MVT Authors.
+# Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
+# https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
+
+from mvt.common.module import run_module
+from mvt.ios.modules.fs.shutdownlog import ShutdownLog
+
+
+def _shutdown_log_entry(pid: int, client: str, timestamp: int) -> str:
+    return (
+        f"remaining client pid: {pid} ({client})\n"
+        f"SIGTERM: [{timestamp}]\n"
+    )
+
+
+class TestShutdownLog:
+    def test_discovers_rotated_shutdown_logs(self, tmp_path):
+        diagnostics_path = tmp_path / "private/var/db/diagnostics"
+        diagnostics_path.mkdir(parents=True)
+        (diagnostics_path / "shutdown.log").write_text(
+            _shutdown_log_entry(100, "/usr/libexec/first", 1_700_000_000),
+            encoding="utf-8",
+        )
+        (diagnostics_path / "shutdown.0.log").write_text(
+            _shutdown_log_entry(200, "/usr/libexec/second", 1_700_000_001),
+            encoding="utf-8",
+        )
+
+        module = ShutdownLog(target_path=str(tmp_path))
+        run_module(module)
+
+        assert {result["client"] for result in module.results} == {
+            "/usr/libexec/first",
+            "/usr/libexec/second",
+        }
+
+    def test_file_path_indicator_matches_client_with_trailing_uuid(
+        self, indicators_factory
+    ):
+        executable_path = "/usr/sbin/filecoordinationd"
+        client = f"{executable_path}/123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"
+        module = ShutdownLog(
+            results=[
+                {
+                    "isodate": "2023-11-14 22:13:20.000000",
+                    "pid": "100",
+                    "client": client,
+                    "delay": 0.0,
+                    "times_delayed": 0,
+                }
+            ]
+        )
+        module.indicators = indicators_factory(file_paths=[executable_path])
+
+        module.check_indicators()
+
+        assert len(module.alertstore.alerts) == 1
+        assert module.alertstore.alerts[0].matched_indicator.value == executable_path

tests/test_check_android_androidqf.py

@@ -27,21 +27,24 @@ class TestCheckAndroidqfCommand:
     def test_check_encrypted_backup_prompt_valid(self, mocker):
         """Prompt for password on CLI"""
         prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
+            "mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers.prompt_password",
+            return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD,
         )
 
         runner = CliRunner()
         path = os.path.join(get_artifact_folder(), "androidqf_encrypted")
         result = runner.invoke(check_androidqf, [path])
 
-        # Called twice, once in AnroidQF SMS module and once in Backup SMS module
-        assert prompt_mock.call_count == 2
+        # The password entered for the AndroidQF SMS module is reused by the
+        # nested backup command.
+        assert prompt_mock.call_count == 1
         assert result.exit_code == 0
 
     def test_check_encrypted_backup_cli(self, mocker):
         """Provide password as CLI argument"""
         prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
+            "mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers.prompt_password",
+            return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD,
         )
 
         runner = CliRunner()
@@ -56,7 +59,8 @@ class TestCheckAndroidqfCommand:
     def test_check_encrypted_backup_env(self, mocker):
         """Provide password as environment variable"""
         prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
+            "mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers.prompt_password",
+            return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD,
         )
 
         os.environ["MVT_ANDROID_BACKUP_PASSWORD"] = TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD

tests/test_check_android_backup.py

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ class TestCheckAndroidBackupCommand:
     def test_check_encrypted_backup_prompt_valid(self, mocker):
         """Prompt for password on CLI"""
         prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
+            "mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers.prompt_password",
+            return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD,
         )
         runner = CliRunner()
         path = os.path.join(get_artifact_folder(), "androidqf_encrypted/backup.ab")
@@ -32,7 +33,8 @@ class TestCheckAndroidBackupCommand:
     def test_check_encrypted_backup_cli(self, mocker):
         """Provide password as CLI argument"""
         prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
+            "mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers.prompt_password",
+            return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD,
         )
 
         runner = CliRunner()
@@ -60,7 +62,8 @@ class TestCheckAndroidBackupCommand:
     def test_check_encrypted_backup_env(self, mocker):
         """Provide password as environment variable"""
         prompt_mock = mocker.patch(
-            "rich.prompt.Prompt.ask", return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD
+            "mvt.android.modules.backup.helpers.prompt_password",
+            return_value=TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD,
         )
 
         os.environ["MVT_ANDROID_BACKUP_PASSWORD"] = TEST_BACKUP_PASSWORD

tests/test_check_ios_backup.py

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 # Use of this software is governed by the MVT License 1.1 that can be found at
 #   https://license.mvt.re/1.1/
 
+import shutil
+
 from click.testing import CliRunner
 
 from mvt.ios.cli import check_backup
@@ -16,3 +18,18 @@ class TestCheckBackupCommand:
         path = get_ios_backup_folder()
         result = runner.invoke(check_backup, [path])
         assert result.exit_code == 0
+
+    def test_check_finds_backup_in_subfolder(self, tmp_path, caplog):
+        runner = CliRunner()
+        backup_path = tmp_path / "MobileSync" / "Backup" / "device-id"
+        shutil.copytree(get_ios_backup_folder(), backup_path)
+
+        result = runner.invoke(check_backup, [str(backup_path.parent)])
+        assert result.exit_code == 0
+        assert f"Found iTunes backup in subfolder: {backup_path}" in caplog.text
+
+    def test_check_rejects_non_backup_folder(self, tmp_path, caplog):
+        runner = CliRunner()
+        result = runner.invoke(check_backup, [str(tmp_path)])
+        assert result.exit_code == 1
+        assert "does not appear to be an iTunes backup folder" in caplog.text

tests/test_custom_modules.py

@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ def test_load_module_appears_only_for_supported_cli_command(tmp_path):
 
 
 def test_module_option_runs_supported_custom_module(tmp_path):
+    (tmp_path / "Manifest.db").touch()
+    (tmp_path / "Info.plist").touch()
     module_path = _write_custom_module(
         tmp_path / "custom.py",
         "CustomRunModule",